Abstract: The subject invention relates in part to the surprising discovery that Cry1Da is active against corn earworm (CEW), Helicoverpa zea (Boddie). Methods for using Cry1Da in transgenic plants to prevent serious crop damage is described. Leaf and silk bioassays using transgenic maize expressing full length, core toxin region or chimeric Cry1Da demonstrated good insect protection against CEW larvae damage.

Abstract: The subject invention relates in part to the surprising discovery that Cry1Da is active against corn earworm (CEW), Helicoverpa zea (Boddie). Methods for using Cry1Da in transgenic plants to prevent serious crop damage is described. Leaf and silk bioassays using transgenic maize expressing full length, core toxin region or chimeric Cry1Da demonstrated good insect protection against CEW larvae damage.

Abstract: An apparatus to support dental simulation, the apparatus including a torso to support a dental simulation manikin, an arm rotatably coupled to the torso, the torso rotatable along a first axis with respect to the arm, and a connector base to rotatably couple the arm to a hub portion, the connector base rotatable along a second axis, the second axis different than the first axis.

Abstract: The subject invention relates in part to the surprising discovery that Cry1Da is active against corn earworm (CEW), Helicoverpa zea (Boddie). Methods for using Cry1Da in transgenic plants to prevent serious crop damage is described. Leaf and silk bioassays using transgenic maize expressing full length, core toxin region or chimeric Cry1Da demonstrated good insect protection against CEW larvae damage.

Abstract: A hybrid image-pupil optical reformatter and method for optional use with a spectrometer is disclosed, which performs beam slicing in pupil space and stacks replicas of the input source generated from the pupil beam slices in image space. The optical reformatter comprises a collimator which receives an input light and produces a collimated beam; a first optical element which receives the collimated beam, redirects portions of the collimated beam back toward the collimator as reimaged beams and permits portions of the collimated beam to pass; a second optical element which receives the reimaging beams and redirects the reimaging beams back toward the collimator and the first optical element; to form an output beam comprising the portions of the collimated beams that are not redirected toward the collimator by the first optical element. Also disclosed is the use of the reformatter for reformatting the input light of a spectrometer system, and the use of the reformatter as part of a spectrometer device.

Abstract: The subject invention relates in part to the surprising discovery that Cry1Da is active against corn earworm (CEW), Helicoverpa zea (Boddie). Methods for using Cry1Da in transgenic plants to prevent serious crop damage is described. Leaf and silk bioassays using transgenic maize expressing full length, core toxin region or chimeric Cry1Da demonstrated good insect protection against CEW larvae damage.

Abstract: The subject invention concerns Bacillus thuringiensis modified Cry1Ca insecticidal toxins and the polynucleotide sequences which encode these toxins. Uses in transgenic plants are described as are methods for protecting crops from insect pest damage.

Abstract: A hybrid image-pupil optical reformatter and method for optional use with a spectrometer is disclosed, which performs beam slicing in pupil space and stacks replicas of the input source generated from the pupil beam slices in image space. The optical reformatter comprises a collimator which receives an input light and produces a collimated beam; a first optical element which receives the collimated beam, redirects portions of the collimated beam back toward the collimator as reimaged beams and permits portions of the collimated beam to pass; a second optical element which receives the reimaging beams and redirects the reimaging beams back toward the collimator and the first optical element; to form an output beam comprising the portions of the collimated beams that are not redirected toward the collimator by the first optical element. Also disclosed is the use of the reformatter for reformatting the input light of a spectrometer system, and the use of the reformatter as part of a spectrometer device.

Abstract: The subject invention relates in part to Cry34Ab/35Ab in combination with Cry3Aa. The subject invention relates in part to the surprising discovery that combinations of Cry34Ab/Cry35Ab and Cry3Aa are useful for preventing development of resistance (to either insecticidal protein system alone) by a corn rootworm (Diabrotica spp.) population. As one skilled in the art will recognize with the benefit of this disclosure, corn plants producing these insecticidal Cry proteins will be useful to mitigate concern that a corn rootworm population could develop that would be resistant to either of these insecticidal protein systems alone. Plants (and acreage planted with such plants) that produce these two insecticidal protein systems are included within the scope of the subject invention.

Abstract: A hybrid image-pupil optical reformatter and method for optional use with a spectrometer is disclosed, which performs beam slicing in pupil space and stacks replicas of the input source generated from the pupil beam slices in image space. The optical reformatter comprises a collimator which receives an input light and produces a collimated beam; a first optical element which receives the collimated beam, redirects portions of the collimated beam back toward the collimator as reimaged beams and permits portions of the collimated beam to pass; a second optical element which receives the reimaging beams and redirects the reimaging beams back toward the collimator and the first optical element; to form an output beam comprising the portions of the collimated beams that are not redirected toward the collimator by the first optical element. Also disclosed is the use of the reformatter for reformatting the input light of a spectrometer system, and the use of the reformatter as part of a spectrometer device.

Abstract: The subject invention includes methods and plants for controlling European corn borer, said plants comprising a Cry1Ab insecticidal protein and a DIG-3 insecticidal protein to delay or prevent development of resistance by the insect.

Abstract: The subject invention relates in part to the surprising discovery that Cry1Da is active against corn earworm (CEW), Helicoverpa zea (Boddie). Methods for using Cry1Da in transgenic plants to prevent serious crop damage is described. Leaf and silk bioassays using transgenic maize expressing full length, core toxin region or chimeric Cry1Da demonstrated good insect protection against CEW larvae damage.

Abstract: The subject invention relates in part to the surprising discovery that Cry1Da is active against corn earworm (CEW), Helicoverpa zea (Boddie). Methods for using Cry1Da in transgenic plants to prevent serious crop damage is described. Leaf and silk bioassays using transgenic maize expressing full length, core toxin region or chimeric Cry1Da demonstrated good insect protection against CEW larvae damage.

Abstract: The subject invention relates in part to Cry3Aa in combination with Cry6Aa. The subject invention relates in part to the surprising discovery that combinations of Cry3Aa and Cry6Aa are useful for preventing development of resistance (to either insecticidal protein system alone) by a corn rootworm (Diabrotica spp.) population. Included within the subject invention are plants producing these insecticidal Cry proteins, which are useful to mitigate concern that a corn rootworm population could develop that would be resistant to either of these insecticidal protein systems alone. The subject invention also relates in part to combinations of Cry3Aa and Cry6Aa proteins “triple-stacked” or “multi-stacked” with another insecticidal protein(s) such as a Cry6Aa protein or binary Cry34/35 proteins. Thus, such embodiments target rootworms with three modes of action. Transgenic plants, including corn, comprising a cry6Aa gene and a cry3Aa gene are included within the scope of the subject invention.

Abstract: The subject invention includes methods and plants for controlling fall armyworm lepidopteran insects, said plants comprising a Cry1Da insecticidal protein and a Cry1Ca insecticidal protein, and various combinations of other proteins comprising this pair of proteins, to delay or prevent development of resistance by the insects.

Abstract: The subject invention includes methods and plants for controlling European corn borer and/or fall armyworm insects, said plants comprising a Cry1Ab insecticidal protein and a Cry1Be insecticidal protein, and various combinations of other proteins comprising this pair of proteins, to delay or prevent development of resistance by the insects.

Abstract: Agrobacterium strains that harbor transformation-enhancing genes on a plasmid capable of replication independently of the Agrobacterium chromosome, the Ti plasmid, and plant transformation binary vectors, and uses for these Agrobacterium strains are provided. Additionally, Agrobacterium strains that are deficient in DNA recombination functions that result in instability or rearrangement of plant transformation binary vectors, and that harbor transformation-enhancing genes on a plasmid capable of replication independently of the Agrobacterium chromosome, the Ti plasmid, and plant transformation binary vectors, and uses for these strains, are also provided. Further included are Agrobacterium strains that harbor transformation-enhancing genes integrated into the Agrobacterium chromosome at a locus that does not interfere with or otherwise compromise the normal growth and plant transformation ability of the Agrobacterium cells, and uses for these Agrobacterium strains.

Abstract: The subject invention includes methods and plants for controlling lepidopteran insects. The plants comprise a Cry1Fa insecticidal protein and a Cry1Ca insecticidal protein, in combination, to delay or prevent development of resistance by the insect(s).

Abstract: The subject invention relates in part to stacking Cry1Be toxins along with Cry1Fa toxins to prevent insects from developing resistance towards either toxin by itself. As discussed in more detail herein, the subject pair of proteins is a particularly advantageous combination, as no other pair of proteins is known to provide high levels of control and non-cross-resistant activity against both Spodoptera frugiperda (FAW) and Ostrinia nubilalis (ECB) insects. This dual, non-cross-resistant activity is also advantageous because it can reduce the number of proteins/genes needed to target these insects with multiple, non-cross-resistant proteins. This can reduce or eliminate the need for refuge acreage. Accordingly, the subject invention also relates generally to using four genes to provide three proteins for non-cross-resistant control of a first insect, and three proteins for non-cross-resistant control of a second insect. In preferred embodiments, the targeted insects are FAW and ECB.

Abstract: The subject invention includes methods and plants for controlling fall army worm insects, said plants comprising a Cry1Da insecticidal protein and a Cry1Be insecticidal protein, and various combinations of other proteins comprising this pair of proteins, to delay or prevent development of resistance by the insects.