Abstract: The invention relates to mixtures containing 5 to 99.5 wt. % of a compound of formula (I), 95 to 0.5 wt. % of a compound of formula (II) and a maximum of 10 wt. % of one of several compounds of general formula (III a), wherein A1-A32 which are independent from each other are equal or different and represent a straight-chained or branched alkyl or alkenyl having 1-12 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl having 48 carbon atoms, an aryl having 6-12 carbon atoms, an aralkyl having 7-12 carbon atoms, or A1-A2, A3-A4, A5-A6 etc. -A31-A32 which are independent from each other and are equal or different and are connected together directly or via O or N-A33 to a ring having 3-7 ring members, A33 represents an alkyl having 1-4 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A process for preparing 1,3-di-halo-substituted benzene derivatives (II) from 2,6-di-halo-substituted benzaldehydes (I) (where X1, X2 are each independently F, Cl, Br, and R1, R2, R3 are each independently H, halogen, OH, C1–C12-alkyl, CF3, CHO, C6–C14-aryl, Oalkyl, Oaryl, NO2) by reacting with an alkaline medium, which comprises initially charging the alkaline medium and metering in the 2,6-di-halo-substituted benzaldehyde (I) or initially charging the 2,6-di-halo-substituted benzaldehyde (I) and metering in the alkaline medium

Abstract: A method of preparing a halophthalic acid is disclosed which comprises the steps of contacting in a liquid phase reaction mixture at least one halogen-substituted ortho-xylene with oxygen and acetic acid at a temperature in a range between about 120° C. and about 220° C. in the presence of a catalyst system yielding a product mixture comprising less than 10 percent halogen-substituted ortho-xylene starting material, a halophthalic acid product, and less than about 10,000 ppm halobenzoic acid and less than about 1000 ppm halophthalide by-products based on a total amount of halophthalic acid present in the product mixture. In addition a method for the preparation of halophthalic anhydride is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of preparing a halophthalic acid is disclosed which comprises the steps of contacting in a liquid phase reaction mixture at least one halogen-substituted ortho-xylene with oxygen and acetic acid at a temperature in a range between about 120° C. and about 220° C. in the presence of a catalyst system yielding a product mixture comprising less than 10 percent halogen-substituted ortho-xylene starting material, a halophthalic acid product, and less than about 10,000 ppm halobenzoic acid and less than about 1000 ppm halophthalide by-products based on a total amount of halophthalic acid present in the product mixture. In addition methods for the preparation of halophthalic anhydride, and recovery of high purity acetic acid from an aqueous acetic acid stream comprising HCl, which is generated during the preparation of the halophthalic acid are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of eszopiclone for the treatment of low-level, chronic pain and fatigue associated with pain.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of eszopiclone for the treatment of symptoms accompanying perimenopause or menopause.

Abstract: One aspect of the present invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing two or more active agents that when taken together can be used to treat, e.g., insomnia and/or depression. The first component of the pharmaceutical composition is a GABA receptor modulating compound. The second component of the pharmaceutical composition is a serotonin reuptake inhibitor, a norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, a 5-HT2A modulator, or dopamine reuptake inhibitor. In certain embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition comprises eszopiclone. In a preferred embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition comprises eszopiclone and fluoxetine.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing substituted benzoyl chlorides of the formula (1) where R, x and y have the meaning given below, which comprises reacting a benzaldehyde of the formula (2) where R, independently of each other, is identical or different and is an unsubstituted phenyl radical or a phenyl radical that is substituted by halogen, NO2, CN, (C1-C4)alkyl or (C1-C4)alkoxy, or is halogen, NO2, CN, NR?2, OR?, SO2R?, SO2OR?, COR? or CO2R?, where R? is an unbranched or branched C1-C10 alkyl radical, an unsubstituted phenyl radical or a phenyl radical which is substituted by halogen, NO2, CN, (C1-C4)alkyl or (C1-C4)alkoxy, x is 1 or 2 and y is 1, 2 or 3, with a chlorinating agent in the presence of a free-radical initiator and a solvent at from ?20 to +200° C.

Abstract: A process for preparing 1,3-di-halo-substituted benzene derivatives (II) from 2,6-di-halo-substituted benzaldehydes (I) (where X1, X2 are each independently F, Cl, Br, and R1, R2, R3 are each independently H, halogen, OH, C1-C12-alkyl, CF3, CHO, C6-C14-aryl, Oalkyl, Oaryl, NO2) by reacting with an alkaline medium, which comprises initially charging the alkaline medium and metering in the 2,6-di-halo-substituted benzaldehyde (I) or initially charging the 2,6-di-halo-substituted benzaldehyde (I) and metering in the alkaline medium.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of the formula 1

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of the formula in which one, two or three of the radicals R1, R2, R3 and R4 are where m and n are an integer from 1 to 10, R5, R6, R7 and R8 are, independently of one another, identical or different and are a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and the remaining radical(s) R1 to R4 are or —NR9R10, where R9 and R10 are identical or different and are a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and X− is an inorganic or organic anion or an equivalent of a multiply charged inorganic or organic anion. The invention further relates to mixtures of substances comprising compounds of the formula (1), to a process for preparing the compounds of the formula (1) and to the use thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing substituted benzoyl chlorides of the formula (1) 1

Abstract: A ground contact height sensor for a harvesting header comprises a transverse rotatable shaft, a first rigid arm, a second rigid arm and a connecting member. The rotatable shaft is rotatively mounted to the frame of the header. The first rigid arm is rigidly mounted to the rotatable shaft. The first arm extends downwardly and rearwardly from the rotatable shaft in a curved manner. The second rigid arm is pivotally coupled to the first rigid arm by a hinge joint. The second rigid arm extends upwardly and rearwardly from the second end of the first rigid arm. The first and second rigid arms defining a relatively large radius. The connecting member secures the rearmost end of the second rigid arm to the frame of the header. To maintain the radius of the two pivotally connected rigid arms the hinge joint joining the two rigid arms is provided with a torsion spring.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of the formula 1

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of the formula in which one, two or three of the radicals R1, R2, R3 and R4 are where m and n are an integer from 1 to 10, R5, R6, R7 and R8 are, independently of one another, identical or different and are a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and the remaining radical(s) R1 to R4 are or —NR9R10, where R9 and R10 are identical or different and are a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and X− is an inorganic or organic anion or an equivalent of a multiply charged inorganic or organic anion. The invention further relates to mixtures of substances comprising compounds of the formula (1), to a process for preparing the compounds of the formula (1) and to the use thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to mixtures comprising from 70 to 99.5% by weight of a compound of the formula (R)4P+X− (1) and from 30 to 0.5% by weight of a compound of the formula (R)3P═O (2), where R is in each case a radical and X− is an inorganic or organic anion or the equivalent of a multiply charged inorganic or organic anion, also to a process for preparing the mixtures by reacting a phosphorus pentahalide with pyrrolidine or piperidine in the molar ratio 1:6 to 1:50 in the presence of an inert solvent initially at −20 to 80° C., subsequently continuing the reaction at 90 to 180° C., treating the resulting reaction product at 0 to 80° C. with aqueous alkali at a pH of 7 to 15, and separating aqueous and organic phase from one another, and to the use of the mixtures as catalyst and cocatalyst for phase-transfer reactions, nucleophilic substitution reactions or halogen-fluorine exchange reactions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing substituted benzoyl chlorides of the formula (1) 1

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of 3-chloro-4-fluorobenzoyl chloride which comprises reacting 4-fluorobenzaldehyde with a chlorinating agent in the presence of a free-radical initiator in the presence or absence of a solvent at from −20 to 200° C. to give 4-fluorobenzoyl chloride, and reacting the 4-fluorobenzoyl chloride with a chlorinating agent in the presence of a chlorination catalyst in the presence or absence of a solvent at from −20 to 200° C. to give 3-chloro-4-fluorobenzoyl chloride.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for producing compound containing fluorine, particularly fluorobenzaldehyde and fluorobenzonitrle, by a halogen exchange reaction with a compound of the formula I as fluorinating agent, defined in the specification, and a quatenary aminophosphonium compound of the formula III as catalyst, as defined in the specification, and in a solvent consisting of a nitro and/or sulfoxy substituted organic compound of the formula IVa and/or IVb, as defined in the specification.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of fluorinated compoundsAz.sub.x ArF.sub.w Cl.sub.(y-w) R.sub.z (1)in which Az is a radical --F, --Cl, --Br, --NO.sub.2, --CN, --CF.sub.3, --CCl.sub.3, --CHO, --CO(C.sub.n H.sub.2n+1), --COX or --SO.sub.2 X, where X is F, Cl or Br, x is an integer from 1 to 3, Ar is a phenyl radical, pyridyl radical or naphthyl, w is an integer from 1 to y, y is an integer from 1 to 5, R is H, an alkyl radical or an alkoxy radical having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, z is an integer from 1 to 5, (x+y+z) is the number of all substitutable valences on the radical Ar, which comprises reacting a compoundAz.sub.x ArCl.sub.y R.sub.z (2),with an alkali metal fluoride in the presence of a component a) or a mixture of component a) and at least one of components b), c), d) and/or e), component a) being one or more quaternary ammonium compounds which contain one or more radicals --(C.sub.m H.sub.2m O)R.sup.