Abstract: A chemical concentration control arrangement includes two sorbent beds that cooperate to control a chemical concentration in a fluid. One of the sorbent beds selectively removes the chemical to reduce the concentration and the other sorbent bed selectively releases the chemical to increase the concentration. In a cooling system, the sorbent beds are used to control a biocide concentration in circulating coolant.

Abstract: A carbon dioxide (CO2) sorbent system for removing CO2 from a recirculating inhalation therapy system includes several sorbent layers within a housing defining an inlet and an outlet. Airflow passages sandwiched between CO2 sorbent layers allow airflow from the inhalation therapy system through the CO2 sorbent assembly. The recirculating inhalation therapy system controls the amount of CO2 within the system without removing aerosol medication contained within the breathable air stream.

Abstract: An assembly for removing carbon dioxide and water from a flow stream includes a housing that defines an inlet and an outlet. A CO2 sorbent sheet is disposed within the housing and includes integrally formed airflow passages and support structures. The CO2 sorbent sheet is encapsulated within a porous metal that is dimensionally stable and increases the rigidity and durability of the CO2 sorbent sheet.

Abstract: A system and method for controlling carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions emanating from a gas source includes a CO2 sorbent bed containing a regenerable sorbent. Exhaust gases flow through the CO2 sorbent bed before being released into the atmosphere. The CO2 sorbent bed traps CO2 contained within the exhaust gas to control the amount of CO2 finally exhausted to the atmosphere. At least two CO2 sorbent beds are used such that while one is absorbing CO2 from the gas stream another is being regenerated. The CO2 sorbent bed is regenerated to release the trapped CO2 for disposal or use in other processes. The CO2 sorbent beds are cycled between absorbing CO2 and regenerating to optimize absorption of CO2.

Abstract: A carbon dioxide (CO2) sorbent system for removing CO2 from a recirculating inhalation therapy system includes several sorbent layers within a housing defining an inlet and an outlet. Airflow passages sandwiched between CO2 sorbent layers allow airflow from the inhalation therapy system through the CO2 sorbent assembly. The recirculating inhalation therapy system controls the amount of CO2 within the system without removing aerosol medication contained within the breathable air stream.

Abstract: An assembly for removing carbon dioxide and water from a flow stream includes a housing that defines an inlet and an outlet. A CO2 sorbent sheet is disposed within the housing and includes integrally formed airflow passages and support structures. The CO2 sorbent sheet is encapsulated within a porous metal that is dimensionally stable and increases the rigidity and durability of the CO2 sorbent sheet.

Abstract: A system and method for controlling carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions emanating from a gas source includes a CO2 sorbent bed containing a regenerable sorbent. Exhaust gases flow through the CO2 sorbent bed before being released into the atmosphere. The CO2 sorbent bed traps CO2 contained within the exhaust gas to control the amount of CO2 finally exhausted to the atmosphere. At least two CO2 sorbent beds are used such that while one is absorbing CO2 from the gas stream another is being regenerated. The CO2 sorbent bed is regenerated to release the trapped CO2 for disposal or use in other processes. The CO2 sorbent beds are cycled between absorbing CO2 and regenerating to optimize absorption of CO2.

Abstract: A regenerable high capacity carbon dioxide (CO2) sorbent is operated to remove substantially all of the CO2 present in either a dry, or a humid environment. The sorbent is an amine compound which is composed predominantly of secondary amine groups, and includes one or more functional nitrile groups. Primary and tertiary amine groups form a minor percent of the sorbent. The reaction product of tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) and acrylonitrile (AN), which reaction product will be referred to hereinafter as “TEPAN” is a preferred sorbent. The addition of one or more nitrile functional groups to TEPA by reason of the reaction between AN and TEPA converts most of the primary amines in TEPA to secondary amines in TEPAN.

Abstract: The invention provides a regenerable supported amine sorbent having an amine concentration of from about 35 wt. % to about 75 wt. %. The balance of the sorbent is a porous support which provides the sorbent with structural rigidity and a surface for gas/solid contact. The invention further provides a process for making the sorbent and system for cyclically absorbing and desorbing carbon dioxide using a plurality of sorbent beds.

Abstract: A technique for preparing a flat sheet, high capacity CO.sub.2 sorbent and sorbent assembly is disclosed. The sorbent, which is in the form of a sheet, can be a metal oxide/alkali metal carbonate regenerable sorbent, while the sorbent assembly is comprised of the sheet sorbents located between constraining means and gas flow passages.

Abstract: The supported amine-polyol sorbent of the present invention comprises about 1 wt % to about 25 wt % amine, about 1 wt % to about 25 wt % polyol, with the balance being support. This sorbent is capable of absorbing and desorbing carbon dioxide at relatively high rates at ambient temperatures, thereby improving carbon dioxide sorption capacity.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process and a system for removing inorganic carbon in the form of free and dissolved CO.sub.2 from aqueous solutions. The process and the system contemplate the use of a thermally regenerable and optionally thermally sterilizable ion exchange resin for adsorption of inorganic carbon. As a result, the need for regeneration of the resin by chemical means is obviated and expendable resin quantities are reduced. Therefore, the present invention will be especially useful in spacecraft and planet based applications where the need exists for reduced weight and volume water processing systems.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system and a process for removing contaminants such as CO.sub.2 and mobile cations and anions from aqueous solutions. The system and the process contemplate the use of thermally sterilizable aqueous polishing agents such as thermally sterilizable ion exchange resins and as a result, the need for chemical and/or mechanical microbial control or inhibition techniques is obviated. Therefore, the present invention will be especially useful in submarine and spacecraft applications where the need exists for reduced weight and volume water processing systems.

Abstract: The supported amine-polyol sorbent of the present invention comprises about 1 wt. % to about 25 wt. % amine, about 1 wt. % to about 25 wt. % polyol, with the balance being support. This sorbent is capable of absorbing and desorbing carbon dioxide at relatively high rates at ambient temperatures, thereby improving carbon dioxide sorption capacity.

Abstract: Carbon dioxide sorption using a metal oxide-alkali metal carbonate sorbent typically requires a relative humidity of greater than 25% in order to obtain reaction rate constants of about 2.0 to 3.0 sec..sup.1 (see Equation 6). The incorporation of alkali halide salt into the metal oxide-alkali metal carbonate sorbent maintains rate constants of about 2.0 to about 4.0 sec..sup.1 at relative humidities below 25%. Therefore, the hygroscopic alkali halide salt attracts water, thereby providing the necessary hydroxide ions for enhanced absorption at low relative humidities.

Abstract: A technique for preparing a flat sheet, high capacity CO.sub.2 sorbent and sorbent assembly is disclosed. The sorbent, which is in the form of a sheet, can be a metal oxide/alkali metal carbonate regenerable sorbent, while the sorbent assembly is comprised of the sheet sorbents located between constraining means and gas flow passages.

Abstract: A technique for preparing an unsupported, high capacity CO.sub.2 sorbent. The sorbent is comprised of silver carbonate, alkali metal silicate and alkaline earth metal salt binders for structural integrity, and alkali metal carbonate for CO.sub.2 sorption promotion. The sorbent disclosed in this invention has a high silver oxide density, consumes minimum volume, exhibits high CO.sub.2 absorption rates, and resists dusting and degradation for at least 50 absorption/desorption cycles.

Abstract: The supported amine-polyol sorbent of the present invention comprises about 1 wt % to about 25 wt % amine, about 1 wt % to about 25 wt % polyol, with the balance being support. This sorbent is capable of absorbing and desorbing carbon dioxide at relatively high rates at ambient temperatures, thereby improving carbon dioxide sorption capacity.

Abstract: Carbon dioxide and water vapor are continuously removed by a venting membrane system which employs porous membranes and a liquid amine based sorbent, and which has a partial pressure gradient across the porous membranes. The partial pressure gradient induces absorption of carbon dioxide and water vapor from a gaseous stream, transport of the absorbed carbon dioxide through the pores of the membrane or to a second membrane, and desorption of the absorbed carbon dioxide.

Abstract: Carbon dioxide sorption using a metal oxide-alkali metal carbonate sorbent typically requires a relative humidity of greater than 25% in order to obtain reaction rate constants of about 2.0 to 3.0 sec..sup.-1 (see Equation 6). The incorporation of alkali halide salt into the metal oxide-alkali metal carbonate sorbent maintains rate constants of about 2.0 to about 4.0 sec..sup.-1 at relative humidities below 25%. Therefore, the hygroscopic alkali halide salt attracts water, thereby providing the necessary hydroxide ions for enhanced absorption at low relative humidities.