Abstract: A hydrogen feed stream comprising oxygen and one or more impurities selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, argon, methane, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and water, is purified using a cryogenic temperature swing adsorption (CTSA) process with high overall recovery of hydrogen. The CTSA is regenerated using an inert gas to prevent an explosive mixture of hydrogen and oxygen from occurring.

Abstract: A hydrogen feed stream comprising one or more impurities selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, argon, methane, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, oxygen, and water, is purified using a cryogenic temperature swing adsorption (CTSA) process with high overall recovery of hydrogen. The waste gas from regenerating the CTSA may be used to improve the performance of upstream hydrogen processing steps.

Abstract: A hydrogen feed stream comprising one or more impurities selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, argon, methane, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, oxygen, and water, is contacted with liquid hydrogen in a cryogenic wash column (CWC) process that produces pure hydrogen with high overall recovery. The waste liquid stream leaving the CWC may be used to improve the performance of upstream hydrogen processing steps.

Abstract: A hydrogen feed stream comprising oxygen and one or more impurities selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, argon, methane, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and water, is purified by first removing oxygen using a copper oxide and/or manganese oxide getter, then using a cryogenic temperature swing adsorption (CTSA) process with high overall recovery of hydrogen. The oxygen getter prevents an explosive mixture of hydrogen and oxygen from occurring in the CTSA during regeneration.

Abstract: A hydrogen feed stream comprising oxygen and one or more impurities selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, argon, methane, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and water, is purified using a cryogenic temperature swing adsorption (CTSA) process with high overall recovery of hydrogen. The CTSA is regenerated using an inert gas to prevent an explosive mixture of hydrogen and oxygen from occurring.

Abstract: The present invention provides a new method for obtaining hydrogen gas that comprises the stages of providing at least one aluminium alloy; providing at least one hydride of general formula (I), where X is selected between B and Al; Y is selected from among Li, Na, K, Mg, Ca and Al; and n is an integer number from 1 to 3; and providing an aqueous medium; so that the reaction between said aluminium alloy with said hydride in said aqueous medium is carried out at a temperature between 4 and 300° C. to produce hydrogen gas and other reaction products with good yields.

Abstract: A method for the removal from a feed gas stream such as air of at least two contaminating gas components such as water and CO.sub.2 features repeated cycles of operation the improvement which comprise: feeding a regenerating gas such as dry nitrogen at a higher temperature, e.g. 70.degree. C., in a direction counter-current to the feed direction in contact with the adsorbent to produce a heat pulse travelling in the counter-current direction to desorb the less strongly adsorbed second contaminating gas component from the downstream (with respect to the feed direction) portion of the adsorbent by TSA while at the same time desorbing the more strongly adsorbed second contaminating gas component from the upstream (with respect to the feed direction) portion of the adsorbent by PSA.

Abstract: The present invention is a synthesis, product and process for activated carbon and preferably carbon molecular sieve separation of air to produce a nitrogen product wherein a carbon is partially pyrolyzed, impregnated with a transition metal salt and further pyrolyzed to develop enhanced microporosity. The resulting microporous carbon can then be activated with carbon dioxide or steam and then pore-sized by cracking of hydrocarbons on the carbon to produce a carbon molecular sieve.

Abstract: An adsorbent and a process for its use in removing trace oxygen from an inert gas. The adsorbent comprises a porous reducing support such as activated carbon, carbon black, coal, petroleum coke and titania which is impregnated with about 10% to about 90% by weight of an alkali metal oxide or an alkaline earth metal oxide.

Abstract: The present invention is an apparatus and method for preferentially adsorbing carbon monoxide from a gas stream containing carbon monoxide in the presence of water and potentially ammonia while not adsorbing methane, hydrogen or carbon dioxide which may be present in the gas stream using an adsorbent of a supported cuprous compound situated downstream serially from a pretreatment adsorbent of 3A zeolite which protects the cuprous compound from water. An additional pretreatment layer of a basic metal compound to protect the acid-unstable 3A zeolite layer is also contemplated.

Abstract: The Present Invention is directed to a composition, its synthesis and a process for adsorptive separation of carbon monoxide from gas mixtures using adsorbents, which comprise cuprous compounds on amorphous oxide macroporous supports. The compositions are prepared by impregnating cupric compounds on supports followed by reduction of the cupric compound to the corresponding cuprous compound. The reduction can be performed by the use of a reducing gas, preferably synthesis gas at relatively low temperatures up to 150.degree. C., preferably preceded by the use of elevated temperature above 250.degree. C. All the adsorbents described in this invention consist of CuCl particles of finite size supported on macroporous support materials including alumina and silica gel. Among the ingredients used to form supported CuCl fine particles are support materials of low dispersing power, high copper loading, absence of dispersants, and proper post heat-treatment. The bulk nature of the active component (i.e.

Abstract: Improved composite semipermeable membranes including microporous carbonaceous adsorptive material supported by a porous substrate for use in separating multicomponent gas mixtures in which certain components in the mixture adsorb within the pores of the adsorptive material and diffuse by surface flow through the membrane to yield a permeate stream enriched in these components. Methods for making the improved composite membranes are described including one or more oxidation steps which increase the membrane permeability and selectivity.

Abstract: The present invention is a synthesis, product and process for activated carbon and preferably carbon molecular sieve separation of air to produce a nitrogen product wherein a carbon is partially pyrolyzed, impregnated with a transition metal salt and further pyrolyzed to develop enhanced microporosity. The resulting microporous carbon can then be activated with carbon dioxide or steam and then pore-sized by cracking of hydrocarbons on the carbon to produce a carbon molecular sieve.

Abstract: An oxygen selective adsorbent and a method for making an oxygen selective adsorbent wherein a porous carbon substrate such as a carbon molecular sieve, activated carbon, carbon black, coal, or petroleum coke, is impregnated with a solution of an acidic species and the impregnated substrate is dried. The oxygen selective adsorbent can be used in a pressure swing adsorption process for the separation of oxygen from nitrogen, for example, in air.

Abstract: Improved composite semipermeable membranes including microporous carbonaceous adsorptive material supported by a porous substrate for use in separating multicomponent gas mixtures in which certain components in the mixture adsorb within the pores of the adsorptive material and diffuse by surface flow through the membrane to yield a permeate stream enriched in these components. Methods for making the improved composite membranes are described including one or more oxidation steps which increase the membrane permeability and selectivity.

Abstract: A method for detection of impurities at very low levels in hydrogen, oxygen or specialty gases comprises the metered mixture with high purity helium and subsequent selective separation of hydrogen, oxygen or specialty gas with the detection of impurities remaining in the helium by ionization spectrometry.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to active compositions, such as adsorbents and catalysts, which comprise cuprous compounds dispersed on amorphous oxide or carbon macroporous supports. The compositions are prepared by impregnating cupric compounds on pretreated supports with the aid of an aqueous solution of an ammonium salt of a di- or polycarboxylic acid dispersant, such as ammonium citrate, followed by activation of the cupric compound or reduction of the cupric compound to the corresponding cuprous compound. Methods of synthesis and processes utilizing the compositions are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for adsorptive separation of carbon monoxide or olefins from gas mixtures using adsorbents, which comprise cuprous compounds dispersed on amorphous oxide or carbon macroporous supports. The compositions are prepared by impregnating cupric compounds on, preferably pretreated, supports with the aid of an aqueous solution of an ammonium salt of a di- or polycarboxylic acid dispersant, such as ammonium citrate, followed by reduction of the cupric compound to the corresponding cuprous compound. The reduction can be performed either by the use of elevated temperature or by the use of a reducing gas preferably carbon monoxide at relatively low temperatures up to 150.degree. C. Methods of synthesis are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for adsorptive separation of carbon monoxide or olefins from gas mixtures using adsorbents, which comprise cuprous compounds dispersed on amorphous oxide or carbon macroporous supports. The compositions are prepared by impregnating cupric compounds on, preferably pretreated, supports with the aid of an aqueous solution of an ammonium salt of a di- or polycarboxylic acid dispersant, such as ammonium citrate, followed by reduction of the cupric compound to the corresponding cuprous compound. The reduction can be performed either by the use of elevated temperature or by the use of a reducing gas preferably carbon monoxide at relatively low temperatures up to 150.degree. C. Methods of synthesis are also disclosed.

Abstract: Composite oxygen selective desiccants comprising a carbon molecular sieve which is kinetically selective for the adsorption of oxygen over nitrogen and an agent for the sorption of water such as lithium chloride, lithium bromide, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, calcium nitrate, potassium fluoride, oxides of silicon, aluminum, calcium or barium are disclosed. Methods of making the components and their use in air separation are also set forth.