Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions of the invention comprise triazolopyrimidines useful for the treatment of hepatitis virus in a patient.

Abstract: Provided are methods of diagnosing and/or determining treatment of non-urinary tract cancers by detecting biomarkers, and aberrant methylation in said biomarkers, in human urine samples.

Abstract: This disclosure describes a relevant etiology of cancer and a novel anti-cancer therapeutic strategy, based on the discovery that a protein named serine protease inhibitor (SPIK/SPINK/PSTI) was up-regulated by hepatitis B and C virus infections consequently suppressing the cell apoptosis. Accordingly, the present disclosure provides, inter alia, an inhibitor of SPIK and/or a technology of suppression of over-expression of SPIK in cells. The inhibitors include: 1) chemical compounds, which can inhibit SPIK transcripts, protein activity, and gene expression, 2) SPIK siRNA (RNAi gene silence or dsRNA of SPIK, 3) DNA anti-sense and anti-SPIK antibody. Further, this disclosure provides methods of using the inhibitor as an anti-cancer agent to re-instate cancer cell apoptosis (e.g., serine protease dependent cell apoptosis).

Abstract: The present invention provides methods, compositions, apparatus, and kits for assessing glycoforms of proteins as a biomarker for disease. A purified recombinant form of lectin is used as a detector molecule to specifically label target sugars expressed in disease states. The high affinity of recombinant lectin allows for automation of assays that would be used in the diagnosis of diseases such as, but not limited to, cancer or liver disease.

Abstract: Provided are methods and compositions that can be used to treat subjects having a viral infection by provoking an immune response using newly discovered antigens that are non-naturally occurring variations on viral glycoproteins. For example, provided are viral glycoproteins or a fragments thereof, or, DNA constructs encoding for such viral glycoproteins or fragments thereof, wherein the glycoprotein or fragment comprises a glycosylation sequon that includes a non-templated aspartic acid residue.

Abstract: Methods for diagnosing pathology of the liver in a subject suspected of having such pathology are disclosed. The methods comprise quantifiably detecting lectin binding on proteins in biological fluids, and comparing the detected lectin binding with reference values for the binding of lectin of such proteins in healthy or disease states.

Abstract: Methods for diagnosing pathology of the liver in a subject suspected of having such pathology are disclosed. The methods comprise quantifiably detecting lectin binding on proteins in biological fluids, and comparing the detected lectin binding with reference values for the binding of lectin of such proteins in healthy or disease states.

Abstract: An anti-viral compounds effective against viruses belonging to the Flaviviridae family, wherein the anti-viral compounds are 1,5-dideoxy-1,5-imino-D-glucitol derivative compounds having the general formula (I) wherein R2, R3, R4 and R5 are the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, acyl, benzyl, alkyl, aryl, sulfonyl, phosphonyl, silyl, R6 is at least one of alkyl or branched alkyl, heteroalkyl or aryl, R6? is a bridging group selected from at least one of bicycle[2.2.1]heptyl, bicycle[3.2.1]octyl, oxa analogs, admonyl and cubyl, n?=2-10, n?=1-10, enantiomers and stereoisomers of said compounds and physiologically acceptable salts or solvates of said compounds, enantiomer or stereoisomer.

Abstract: Imino sugars, such as deoxynojirimycin (DNJ), are glucose analogues that selectively inhibit cellular ?-glucosidase I and II (enzymes that process N-linked glycans in glycoprotein) and exhibit broad spectrum antiviral activities against many enveloped viruses. Previously we have reported a novel DNJ derivative, OSL-95II, with antiviral activity and reduced cytotoxicity. In order to develop imino sugars with more potent antiviral activity as well as improved toxicity profile, OSL-95II was modified by diversifying the nitrogen linked alkylated side chain. The antiviral activities were initially tested in bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infected MDBK cells, yielding several imino sugar derivatives with novel structure and superior antiviral activity and toxicity profile. Furthermore, these new compounds were shown to be active against Dengue virus (DV) and West Nile virus (WNV) infection in BHK cells where potent anti-DV activity having submicromolar EC50 values and SI of greater than 900.

Abstract: Long chain N-alkyl amino and imino compounds, oxa-substituted derivatives thereof, and pharmaceutical compositions including such compounds are described. The long chain N-alkyl group is a C8-C16 alkyl group. The long chain N-alkyl compounds and oxa-substituted derivatives thereof can be used in the treatment of viral infections, in particular hepatitis B virus or hepatitis C virus, in a cell or an individual. For example, the long chain N-alkyl compounds or oxa-substituted derivatives thereof can be derived from piperidines, pyrrolidines, phenylamines, pyridines, pyrroles, or amino acids.

Abstract: Methods for diagnosing pathology of the liver in a subject suspected of having such pathology are disclosed. The methods comprise quantifiably detecting lectin binding on proteins in biological fluids, and comparing the detected lectin binding with reference values for the binding of lectin of such proteins in healthy or disease states.

Abstract: A method for tumor screening using urine of a mammal, the method includes obtaining a total urine nucleic acid (e.g., DNA) from a urine sample of a mammal, extracting a high molecular weight urine nucleic acid (above 1000 bp) by contacting the total urine nucleic acid with an adsorbent in the presence of a buffer which promotes binding of the high molecular weight urine nucleic acid to the adsorbent, replacing the buffer which promotes binding of the high molecular weight urine nucleic acid with a buffer which promotes binding of the low molecular weight urine nucleic acid to the adsorbent, extracting the low molecular weight urine nucleic acid by contacting with the adsorbent, eluting the low molecular weight urine nucleic acid, and assaying the low molecular weight urine nucleic acid for a presence or absence of a gene sequence specific to a certain type of tumor.

Abstract: Long chain N-alkyl amino and imino compounds, oxa-substituted derivatives thereof, and pharmaceutical compositions including such compounds are described. The long chain N-alkyl group is a C8-C16 alkyl group. The long chain N-alkyl compounds and oxa-substituted derivatives thereof can be used in the treatment of viral infections, in particular hepatitis B virus or hepatitis C virus, in a cell or an individual. For example, the long chain N-alkyl compounds or oxa-substituted derivatives thereof can be derived from piperidines, pyrrolidines, phenylamines, pyridines, pyrroles, or amino acids.

Abstract: Methods for diagnosing pathology of the liver in a subject suspected of having such pathology are disclosed. The methods comprise quantifiably detecting glycosylation, and more specifically fucosylation, on proteins in biological fluids, and comparing the detected glycosylation with reference values for the glycosylation of such proteins in healthy or disease states.

Abstract: Long chain N-alkyl amino and imino compounds, oxa-substituted derivatives thereof, and pharmaceutical compositions including such compounds are described. The long chain N-alkyl group is a C8-C16 alkyl group. The long chain N-alkyl compounds and oxa-substituted derivatives thereof can be used in the treatment of viral infections, in particular hepatitis B virus or hepatitis C virus, in a cell or an individual. For example, the long chain N-alkyl compounds or oxa-substituted derivatives thereof can be derived from piperidines, pyrrolidines, phenylamines, pyridines, pyrroles, or amino acids.

Abstract: Provided are methods and compositions for treating hepatitis virus infections in mammals, especially humans. The methods comprise (1) administering N-substituted-1,5-dideoxy-1,5-imino-D-glucitol compounds in combination with nucleoside antiviral agents, nucleotide antiviral agents, mixtures thereof, or immunomodulating/immunostimulating agents, or (2) administering N-substituted-1,5-dideoxy-1,5-imino-D-glucitol compounds in combination with nucleoside antiviral agents, nucleotide antiviral agents, or mixtures thereof, and immunomodulating/immunostimulating agents.

Abstract: Methods for diagnosing pathology of the liver in subject suspected of having such pathology by measuring the glycosylation of anti-gal IgG in various biological fluids of the subject.

Abstract: Methods for diagnosing pathology of the liver in a subject suspected of having such pathology are disclosed. The methods comprise quantifiably detecting glycosylation, and more specifically fucosylation, on proteins in biological fluids, and comparing the detected glycosylation with reference values for the glycosylation of such proteins in healthy or disease states.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective amount of a compound of formulas (I-III) and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Methods for treating a hepatitis virus in a patient comprising administering an effective amount of the compound of formulas (I-III) are also presented.

Abstract: An anti-viral compounds effective against viruses belonging to the Flaviviridae family, wherein the anti-viral compounds are 1,5-dideoxy-1,5-imino-D-glucitol derivative compounds having the general formula (I) wherein R2, R3, R4 and R5 are the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, acyl, benzyl, alkyl, aryl, sulfonyl, phosphonyl, silyl, R6 is at least one of alkyl or branched alkyl, heteroalkyl or aryl, R6? is a bridging group selected from at least one of bicycle[2.2.1]heptyl, bicycle[3.2.1]octyl, oxa analogs, admonyl and cubyl, n?=2-10, n?=1-10, enantiomers and stereoisomers of said compounds and physiologically acceptable salts or solvates of said compounds, enantiomer or stereoisomer.