Abstract: Embodiments of a method of performing Huffman decoding are disclosed. In one such embodiment, a data structure is employed, although, of course, the invention is not limited in scope to the particular embodiments disclosed.

Abstract: Briefly, in accordance with one embodiment of the invention, a method of inverse quantizing quantized signal samples of an image during image decompression includes the following. A process to transform the signal samples from a first domain to a second domain is applied. During the transform process, signal samples are filter, by first applying scaled filter coefficients to signal samples along the image in a first direction and then applying scaled filter coefficients to signal samples along the image in a second direction, so that at the completion of the transform process of the image, at least a selected portion of the transformed signal samples are inverse quantized. Many other embodiments in accordance with the invention are also described.

Abstract: Embodiments of a three-dimensional wavelet transform are described. An inverse three-dimensional discrete wavelet transformation (IDWT) is applied to a plurality of transformed video image sub-blocks. The sub-blocks of transformed video images are inverse transformed by applying a bit-based conditional decoding to the embedded zero tree encoded DWT coefficients of the block to obtain a DWT coefficient matrix, up-sampling respective sub-blocks of the DWT coefficient matrix by row, column and frame, filtering and combining one or more respective pairs of up-sampled sub-blocks to produce an up-sampled sub-block corresponding to each respective pair, reapplying the filtering and combining step to any produced up-sampled sub-block pairs until one up-sampled sub-block remains and multiplying the one remaining up-sampled sub-block by eight to produce a block at the next higher resolution.

Abstract: A method includes capturing an optical image to form raw data indicative of the optical image and using a look-up table to transform the raw data into transformed data that indicates a second image. A white color balance of the second image is computed, and the values in the look-up table are modified based on the computed white color balance.

Abstract: Implementations of a progressive two-dimensional pyramid filter bank are disclosed including a method of adding a first and a last input signal sample to a sum of input samples of a next lower-tap filter of a current filter to produce a sum of input signal samples for the current filter; and adding the sum of input signal samples for the current filter to an output signal sample of the next lower-tap filter of the current filter to produce an output signal sample for the current filter. In one implementation the first and second adding is performed by different adders. In another implementation the first and second adding is applied by column and by row.

Abstract: A color filter array includes arrangements of green-filtered pixels to optimize performance and accuracy of color interpolation operations. Where red or blue pixels are found, green values are estimated with a high degree of accuracy. Unknown red and blue intensity values are interpolated by converting known red and blue values to hue. The interpolated hue values are then converted to intensity data.

Abstract: A color filter array includes arrangements of green-filtered pixels to optimize performance and accuracy of color interpolation operations. Where red or blue pixels are found, green values are estimated with a high degree of accuracy. Unknown red and blue intensity values are interpolated by converting known red and blue values to hue. The interpolated hue values are then converted to intensity data.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method, apparatus, and system to provide for robust digital image watermarking utilizing a Walsh transform algorithm. A first image processor performs operations including partitioning a cover image, generating a key, and inserting a watermark symbol into the cover image utilizing a Walsh transform and the key. A second image processor performs operations including extracting the watermark symbol from the cover image utilizing a Walsh transform and the key.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and apparatus to provide for fingerprint minutiae matching using scoring techniques. A plurality of minutiae in a fingerprint image is defined. A score associated with each minutia corresponding to the validity of each minutia is estimated. The fingerprint image is then matched against one or more sample fingerprint images utilizing a partial point set pattern matching (PSPM) algorithm.

Abstract: A method of determining a quantization parameter for video compression. A block characteristic for blocks in a video frame is quantized and then used to obtain a candidate quantization parameter. With the candidate quantization parameter, a number of bits for the blocks in the video frame is summed, producing a candidate bit rate. If the candidate bit rate is greater than a predetermined bit rate threshold, the candidate quantization parameter is set as the quantization parameter.

Abstract: Implementations of a two-dimensional pyramid filter are disclosed including a two-dimensional pyramid filter architecture of an order 2N?1, where N is a positive integer greater than three. The two-dimensional pyramid filter architecture of order 2N?1 may include one-dimensional pyramid filters of order 2N?1, a first summer circuit; and a second summer circuit. The two dimensional pyramid filter architecture of order 2N?1 may produce, in operation on respective clock cycles, at least a pyramid filtered output signal corresponding to the summation by the first summer circuit of output signals produced by four one-dimensional pyramid filters of order 2N?1, and a pyramid filtered output signal corresponding to an output signal produced by summing signal sample matrices of order [2(N?1)?1] in the second summer circuit. The respective pyramid filtered output signals of the two dimensional pyramid filter architecture may be summed by the third summer circuit on respective clock cycles.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the present invention includes a method to obtain a query image and search a database corresponding to object images for a solution set having a maximum similarity to the query image using fuzzy logic. Also in certain embodiments, based on fuzzy logic, the database may be partitioned into multiple sets based on a fuzzy similarity analysis of a measure of the object images to various thresholds.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the present invention includes a method to obtain a query image and search a database corresponding to object images for a solution set having a maximum similarity to the query image using fuzzy logic. Also in certain embodiments, based on fuzzy logic, the database may be partitioned into multiple sets based on a fuzzy similarity analysis of a measure of the object images to various thresholds.

Abstract: Embodiments of a technique for computing a Euler vector for a color image are disclosed.

Abstract: Embodiments of a method and apparatus for coding and decoding wavelet transformed coefficients is described.

Abstract: Embodiments of an architecture for processing gray-level images is disclosed.

Abstract: An imaging system using a color shutter receives signals indicative of color information in a plurality of planes together with infrared information and a signal indicative of the infrared radiation alone. The infrared radiation signal may be subtracted from the signals associated with the color planes to develop signals free of infrared radiation effects for each of the desired color planes. In addition an infrared signal is available which may have useful applications in some situations. In this way, color information color bands may be obtained without the need an infrared filter and infrared information is retained for use in other applications if desired. In addition infrared and dark current information may be derived that can be used for dark current correction.

Abstract: A system of indexing discrete wavelet transform data, after entropy encoding, allows access to particular frames and sub-bands without decomposing all of the data to find the information of interest. In one embodiment a header may include the frame size in bytes followed by the sizes of each of the sub-bands in a predetermined order.

Abstract: In accordance with one embodiment of the invention, a method of compressing a color image includes the following. The wavelet transform of each of the respective color planes of the color image is computed. One of the respective wavelet transformed color plane frames is encoded. For the other two respective wavelet transformed color plane frames, a prediction coefficient from at least one of subbands of each color plane thereof is computed. In accordance with another embodiment of the invention, a method of decompressing a compressed color image includes the following. The compressed color image includes at least an encoded frame for one color plane of the color image and prediction coefficients for the other two color plane frames of the color image. The one color plane frame of the color image is reconstructed from the encoded frame. The other two color plane frames of the color image are at least partially reconstructed from the reconstructed one color plane frame and the prediction coefficients.

Abstract: Embodiments of an architecture for processing gray-level images is disclosed.