Abstract: A novel process for producing a phosphoric monoester which comprises reacting per 1 mole of a linear or branched, saturated or non-saturated aliphatic alcohol having from 8 to 36 carbon atoms, from 2 to 10 moles of a polyphosphoric acid at 100 to 116% concetration converted as orthophosphoric acid in (a) one or more solvents selected from the group consisting of linear or branched saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having from 4 to 8 carbon atoms and saturated cycloaliphatic hydrocarbons having from 5 to 7 carbon atoms, then adding (b) a lower alcohol having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms and water to the reaction mixture, transferring the orthophosphoric acid to the lower alcohol-aqueous phase to separate it from the phosphoric monoester, and concentrating the thus recovered orthophosphoric acid for reuse. The process reaction proceeds smoothly, separation and purification can be carried out readily and very effectively and the recovered phosphoric acid can be re-used.

Abstract: Sugar phosphate of the following general formula (I): ##STR1## is prepared by reaction between a phosphoric monoester and a glycidyltriammonium salt.The sugar phosphate according to the invention has good moisture retention and good adsorptivity on hair, and can be used in shampoos, rinses and cosmetics.

Abstract: A phosphoric ester of the following formula (I): ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 represents a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched and substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon group having from 8 to 32 carbon atoms, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are the same or different and represent a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R.sub.5 represents a hydrogen atom, a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and n is an integer of from 0 to 50.The above novel phosphoric acid ester has excellent detergent performance with very low irritations to living body.A manufacturing method of the ester is also disclosed. According to the method, the ester can be prepared from inexpensive, readily available starting materials by a simple procedure in high purity and high yield.

Abstract: An industrially advantageous process of preparing phosphoric acid diesters of high purity.To a mixture of phosphoric esters comprising phosphoric monoesters and phosphoric diesters, a base is added in an amount of 0.5-1.3 equivalents based on phosphorus atoms which are contained in the mixture. The phosphoric monoesters are converted into orthophosphoric acid and organic hydroxyl compounds by hydrolysis, after which step the orthophosphoric acid and organic hydroxyl compounds are removed from the mixture.

Abstract: A phosphoric monoester of an organic hydroxy compound can be produced in a high concentration in accordance with a two-step reaction. In a first step, the organic hydroxy compound is esterified in the presence of an excess amount of one or more phosphorylating agents selected from the group consisting of phosphorus pentoxide, phosphoric acid and polyphosphoric acids. A further portion of the same organic hydroxy compound is added, in a second step, to the reaction mixture of the first step to make the overall quantity of the organic hydroxy compound equivalent to its stoichiometric quantity.

Abstract: A detergent composition which has a low irritation effect to human skin containing as an active surfactant component one or a mixture of compounds having the formulas ##STR1## wherein R is saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon having 10 to 16 carbon atoms, X.sub.1 and X.sub.3 are hydrogen, alkali metal, ammonium, alkylammonium or substituted alkylammonium, and X.sub.2 is alkali metal, ammonium, alkylammonium or substituted alkylammonium, with the provisos that both X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 are not alkali metal and that when R has an average carbon atom number of 10, X.sub.1 is hydrogen, and wherein the weight ratio of the formula (1) compound(s) : formula (2) compound(s) is from 100:0 to 80:20.