Abstract: An optical compensation film for Ordinary-mode Normally White Twisted Nematic Liquid Crystal Display comprising, a first and a second optically anisotropic layers containing positively birefringent material disposed on a substrate, wherein the optic axis of said first optically anisotropic layer tilts in a first plane with an average tilt angle between 10° and 60°, and the optic axis of said second optically anisotropic layer tilts in a second plane with an average tilt angle between 0° and 30°, and said average tilt angle of said first optically anisotropic layer and said average tilt angle of said second optically anisotropic layer are different, and said first and said second planes are perpendicular to the plane of said optical compensation film with the angle between said first and said second planes being s 90±10°, and the retardation defined by (ne1−no1)d1 of said first optically anisotropic layer is between 60 nm and 220 nm and the retardation defined by (ne2−no2

Abstract: An infrared detector includes a semiconductor substrate having a hollow, a single crystal silicon thin film opposite the hollow at a distance from the semiconductor substrate, thermoelectric converters embedded in the single crystal silicon thin film and converting heat energy generated by infrared light irradiating the single crystal silicon thin film into an electric signal, a first connecting layer embedded in the single crystal silicon thin film and electrically connecting the thermoelectric converters to each other and a second connecting layer for transmitting the electric signal output by the thermoelectric converters to a wire in the semiconductor substrate. In the infrared detector, at least one of the first and second connecting layers is a silicon compound.

Abstract: Disclosed is an optical compensation film for liquid crystal displays comprising, a first and a second optically anisotropic layers containing positively birefringent material disposed on a substrate, wherein the optic axis of said first optically anisotropic layer tilts in a first plane with an average tilt angle between 25° and 70°, and the optic axis of said second optically anisotropic layer tilts in a second plane with an average tilt angle between 0° and 40°, and said average tilt angle of said first optically anisotropic layer and said average tilt angle of said second optically anisotropic layer are different, and said first and said second planes are perpendicular to the plane of said optical compensation film with the angle between said first and said second planes being s 90±10°, and the retardation defined by (ne1−no1)d1 of said first optically anisotropic layer is between 50 nm and 160 nm and the retardation defined by (ne2−no2)d2 of the said second opticall

Abstract: Disclosed is an optical compensation film for improves viewing angle of twisted nematic liquid crystal display, especially in the vertical viewing direction. The said optical compensation film contains a positively birefringent material oriented with its optic axis tilted in a plane perpendicular to the film plane, wherein the phase retardation value defined by (ne-no)d is 100±20 nm at the wavelength of 550 nm and the average tilt angle relative to the film plane is 10±5°, where ne and no are the extraordinary and ordinary refractive indices, respectively, and d, the thickness of the birefringent material.

Abstract: An exposure system (5) for fabricating optical film (40) such as for photoalignment, where the optical film (40) has a photosensitive layer (20) and a substrate (10). The exposure system (5) directs an exposure beam from a light source (1) through the optical film (40), then uses a reflective surface (58) to reflect the exposure energy back through the optical film (40) to enhance or otherwise further condition the photoreaction of the photosensitive layer (20).

Abstract: Disclosed is an optical compensator for liquid crystal displays comprising a first polymeric layer having an out-of-plane birefringence not more negative than −0.005 and a second polymeric layer having an out-of-plane birefringence more negative than −0.005. The invention also provides an LC display and a process for making such compensators.

Abstract: Disclosed is an optical compensator for liquid crystal displays comprising a first polymeric layer having low birefringence and a second polymeric layer contiguous to the first layer having high negative birefringence. The invention also provides an LC display and a process for making such compensators.

Abstract: Disclosed is a display comprising an in-plane switching (IPS) mode liquid crystal cell, a polarizer, and a compensation film containing a positively birefringent material with the optic axis tilted in a plane perpendicular to the liquid crystal cell plane. Such displays exhibit an improved viewing angle characteristic.

Abstract: Disclosed is a display comprising a bend aligned nematic liquid crystal cell, a polarizer, and a compensation film containing a positively birefringent material oriented with the optic axis tilted in a plane perpendicular to the liquid crystal cell surface plane. Such displays exhibit an improved viewing angle characteristic.

Abstract: Disclosed is a polarizer package comprising an integrated combination of an absorbing layer and a compensator. Two of the identical polarizer packages can be crossed and used in a transmissive optical device. This polarizer package can also be used in combination with a reflective plate and a quarter wave plate in a reflective optical device. Such polarizer packages exhibit an improved viewing angle characteristic across all wavelengths of interest, has a large tolerance for compensators to be aligned relative to their preferred directions, and can be used within an LCD or emissive display system.

Abstract: Disclosed is an imaging component comprising a vertically aligned nematic liquid crystal cell, a polarizer, and a compensation film containing a positive birefringent material oriented with its optic axis tilted in a plane perpendicular to the liquid crystal cell face. Such components exhibit an improved viewing angle characteristic.

Abstract: A broad class of lyotropic liquid crystals of a non-surfactant nature, the so-called lyotropic chromonic liquid crystals (LCLCs), are alignable in bulk. LCLCs can be aligned in bulk as a uniform liquid crystalline monodomain within a closed cell. The method for bulk alignment of LCLCs is based on a unidirectional treatment of the aligning substrate such as a polymer layer. The feature of controlling the alignment of LCLCs enables one to create practical devices from them. For example, bulk alignment of LCLCs allows one to use them in detection and amplification of ligands.

Abstract: An infrared detector includes an optical cavity structure with an infrared reflection film on a semiconductor substrate. The infrared reflection film and an infrared absorption film provide high efficiency infrared detection.

Abstract: Disclosed are an infrared detector having a semiconductor substrate, a single crystal silicon thin film arranged and held in a hollow state at a predetermined distance above the semiconductor substrate, a plurality of thermoelectric changing means which are embedded in the single crystal silicon thin film and able to change heat energy generated by an infrared ray irradiated to the single crystal silicon thin film to an electric signal, a first connecting layer which are embedded in the single crystal silicon thin film and electrically connecting the plurality of thermoelectric changing means to each other and a second connecting layer for transmitting the electric signal outputted from the thermoelectric changing means to wire formed in the semiconductor substrate. In the infrared detector of the present invention, at least one of the first and second connecting layers is constructed by a silicon compound.

Abstract: A thermal infrared-detector array has semiconductor-junction elements as detectors. It has high sensitivity and low noise and is fabricated in semiconductor-fabrication process. The semiconductor-junction elements are located in a monocrystalline silicon layer overlying a silicon-oxide layer on a monocrystalline silicon substrate. A signal-output circuit reading out signals from the detector elements includes transistors located on the monocrystalline silicon substrate.

Abstract: A broad class of lyotropic liquid crystals of a non-surfactant nature, the so-called lyotropic chromonic liquid crystals (LCLCs), are alignable in bulk. LCLCs can be aligned in bulk as a uniform liquid crystalline monodomain within a closed cell. The method for bulk alignment of LCLCs is based on a unidirectional treatment of the aligning substrate such as a polymer layer. The feature of controlling the alignment of LCLCs enables one to create practical devices from them. For example, bulk alignment of LCLCs allows one to use them in detection and amplification of ligands.

Abstract: A broad class of lyotropic liquid crystals of a non-surfactant nature, the so-called lyotropic chromonic liquid crystals (LCLCs), are alignable in bulk. LCLCs can be aligned in bulk as a uniform liquid crystalline monodomain within a closed cell. The method for bulk alignment of LCLCs is based on a unidirectional treatment of the aligning substrate such as a polymer layer. The feature of controlling the alignment of LCLCs enables one to create practical devices from them. For example, bulk alignment of LCLCs allows one to use them in detection and amplification of ligands.

Abstract: Devices and systems for the detection of ligands comprising at least one receptor and an amplification mechanism comprising a liquid crystalline, where an amplified signal is produced as a result of receptor binding to a ligand are provided. Also provided are methods for the automatic detection of ligands.

Abstract: An infrared sensor includes a first infrared sensing element separated by a dielectric layer from on a silicon substrate and thermally isolated from the substrate by a void in the dielectric layer. The sensor has a second temperature sensing element which detects the temperature of the whole sensor. The output difference between the first and second sensor elements is used as gate/source voltage of a MOSFET. The current variation of the MOSFET is read out as a discharge from a capacitor connected to the MOSFET. The noise in the sensor is suppressed, and performance is improved. An infrared sensor array includes the sensors arranged in an array.

Abstract: A two-dimensional infrared focal plane array of temperature detecting units is provided with the temperature detecting units being arranged for every pixel in a two-dimensional arrangement on a semiconductor substrate. Each temperature detecting unit is formed integrally with readout circuitry. Each temperature detecting unit further has a temperature detecting portion which is supported by support legs made of a high thermal resistance material to reduce heat flow to the semiconductor substrate. Each temperature detecting unit also has a temperature detecting element with an infrared ray absorbing portion which is spliced by at least one splicing pillar with the temperature detecting element.