Abstract: A lighting device with high emission efficiency and directivity is provided with the use of an organic EL element and a light-emitting diode. The lighting device includes a light-emitting diode whose emission wavelength peak is greater than or equal to 400 nm and less than or equal to 500 nm, a planar organic EL light-emitting body which emits light having a complementary color of that of light from the light-emitting diode, and a planar reflector. The organic EL light-emitting body and the reflector face each other to form a cone having an open end to which light is emitted. The light-emitting diode is provided in a space between a plane including a light-emitting surface of the organic EL light-emitting body and a plane including a reflecting surface of the reflector.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of manufacturing a light-emitting device and an evaporation donor substrate, by which the precision of patterning of an EL layer of each color can be improved in manufacture of a full color flat panel display using emission colors of red, green, and blue. A first substrate which includes a reflective layer including an opening portion, a heat insulating layer including an opening portion in a position overlapped with the opening portion of the reflective layer over the reflective layer, a light absorption layer covering the opening portion of the reflective layer and the opening portion of the heat insulating layer over the heat insulating layer, and a material layer over the light absorption layer is used. While one surface of the first substrate is disposed close to a deposition target surface of a second substrate, the first substrate is irradiated with light from the other surface of the first substrate.

Abstract: One feature of the present invention is to provide a buffer layer made of a composite material for a light emitting element including aromatic hydrocarbon containing at least one vinyl skeleton and metal oxide in part of a light emitting substance containing layer, in the light emitting element formed by interposing the light emitting substance containing layer between a pair of electrodes. The composite material for a light emitting element for forming the buffer layer of the present invention has high conductivity and is superior in transparency.

Abstract: An object is to provide a manufacturing method of a light-emitting device including an organic compound layer, in which a desired organic compound layer is easily formed using a plurality of evaporation materials. A first organic compound layer containing a plurality of evaporation materials is formed over a first substrate. The first organic compound layer is formed using a mixture formed by mixture of the plurality of evaporation materials in advance. A second substrate is placed at a position facing the first substrate so as to face the first organic compound layer provided for the first substrate. The first organic compound layer as an evaporation source is heated to be vaporized and a desired second organic compound layer is formed over the second substrate placed so as to face the first substrate. Accordingly, a light-emitting device is manufactured.

Abstract: A binder material layer including an evaporation material is formed over a main surface of an evaporation source substrate, a substrate on which a film is formed is placed so that the binder material layer and a main surface thereof face each other, and heat treatment is performed on a rear surface of the evaporation source substrate so that the evaporation material in the binder material layer is heated to be subjected to sublimation or the like, whereby a layer of the evaporation material is formed on the substrate on which a film is formed. When a low molecular material is used for the evaporation material and a high molecular material is used for the binder material, the viscosity can be easily adjusted, and thus, film formation is possible with higher throughput than conventional film formation.

Abstract: In a method for manufacturing a light-emitting device according to an embodiment of the present invention, one surface of a first substrate including a reflective layer including an opening, a light absorption layer formed over the reflective layer to cover the opening in the reflective layer, a protective layer formed over the light absorption layer and including a groove at a position overlapped with the opening in the reflective layer, and a material layer formed over the protective layer and a deposition surface of a second substrate are disposed to face each other and light irradiation is performed from the other surface side of the first substrate, so that an EL layer is formed in a region on the deposition surface of the second substrate, which is overlapped with the opening in the reflective layer.

Abstract: A light emitting device comprises a pair of electrodes and a mixed layer provided between the pair of electrodes. The mixed layer contains an organic compound which contains no nitrogen atoms, i.e., an organic compound which dose not have an arylamine skeleton, and a metal oxide. As the organic compound, an aromatic hydrocarbon having an anthracene skeleton is preferably used. As such an aromatic hydrocarbon, t-BuDNA, DPAnth, DPPA, DNA, DMNA, t-BuDBA, and the like are listed. As the metal oxide, molybdenum oxide, vanadium oxide, ruthenium oxide, rhenium oxide, and the like are preferably used. Further, the mixed layer preferably shows absorbance per 1 ?m of 1 or less or does not show a distinct absorption peak in a spectrum of 450 to 650 nm when an absorption spectrum is measured.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a functional layer for protecting a light emitting element from being deteriorated by a physical or chemical influence when the light emitting element is manufactured or driven, and to attain extension of lifetime of an element and improvement of element characteristics without increasing a drive voltage and degrading transmittance and color purity by providing such a functional layer. One feature of the present invention is to provide a buffer layer made of a composite material for a light emitting element including aromatic hydrocarbon containing at least one vinyl skeleton and metal oxide in part of a light emitting substance containing layer, in the light emitting element formed by interposing the light emitting substance containing layer between a pair of electrodes. The composite material for a light emitting element for forming the buffer layer of the present invention has high conductivity and is superior in transparency.

Abstract: Blue organic EL elements, which have a shorter lifetime and lower luminance characteristics than green and red ones, have had a problem: particularly when blue elements are used in a light-emitting device capable of modulating light emission colors, light significantly attenuates and characteristics further deteriorates. A dielectric mirror which is selective in wavelength is provided between organic EL elements, and the number of times especially blue light emission from an organic EL element is transmitted through an electrode having a light-transmitting property is reduced as much as possible, so that attenuation of light is suppressed. Thus, a light-emitting device capable of modulation of light emission colors which has a high luminance and a long lifetime can be provided. In the light-emitting device, voltages applied to the organic EL elements, which deteriorate individually, are separately controlled, whereby the color tone can be kept constant for a long period.

Abstract: A light emitting device comprises a pair of electrodes and a mixed layer provided between the pair of electrodes. The mixed layer contains an organic compound which contains no nitrogen atoms, i.e., an organic compound which dose not have an arylamine skeleton, and a metal oxide. As the organic compound, an aromatic hydrocarbon having an anthracene skeleton is preferably used. As such an aromatic hydrocarbon, t-BuDNA, DPAnth, DPPA, DNA, DMNA, t-BuDBA, and the like are listed. As the metal oxide, molybdenum oxide, vanadium oxide, ruthenium oxide, rhenium oxide, and the like are preferably used. Further, the mixed layer preferably shows absorbance per 1 ?m of 1 or less or does not show a distinct absorption peak in a spectrum of 450 to 650 nm when an absorption spectrum is measured.

Abstract: An object is to provide a white light-emitting element which emits broad white light which is close to natural light and covers a wide wavelength range; that is, a white light-emitting element which has a broad spectrum waveform. Further, there are various different kinds of white light; however, in particular, an object is to provide a white light-emitting element which emits white light which is close to the standard white color of the NTSC. Over a substrate 100, a second light-emitting element 110 and a first light-emitting element 120 are stacked in series. The first light-emitting element 120 exhibits a light emission spectrum having two peaks (two peaks in the blue to green wavelength range) and is disposed close to a film of light-reflecting material. The second light-emitting element 110 exhibits a light emission spectrum having a peak in the orange to red wavelength range, and is disposed in a position which is not close to the film of light-reflecting material.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a functional layer for protecting a light emitting element from being deteriorated by a physical or chemical influence when the light emitting element is manufactured or driven, and to attain extension of lifetime of an element and improvement of element characteristics without increasing a drive voltage and degrading transmittance and color purity by providing such a functional layer. One feature of the present invention is to provide a buffer layer made of a composite material for a light emitting element including aromatic hydrocarbon containing at least one vinyl skeleton and metal oxide in part of a light emitting substance containing layer, in the light emitting element fowled by interposing the light emitting substance containing layer between a pair of electrodes. The composite material for a light emitting element for forming the buffer layer of the present invention has high conductivity and is superior in transparency.

Abstract: An object is to provide a white light-emitting element which emits broad white light which is close to natural light and covers a wide wavelength range; that is, a white light-emitting element which has a broad spectrum waveform. Further, there are various different kinds of white light; however, in particular, an object is to provide a white light-emitting element which emits white light which is close to the standard white color of the NTSC. Over a substrate 100, a second light-emitting element 110 and a first light-emitting element 120 are stacked in series. The first light-emitting element 120 exhibits a light emission spectrum having two peaks (two peaks in the blue to green wavelength range) and is disposed close to a film of light-reflecting material. The second light-emitting element 110 exhibits a light emission spectrum having a peak in the orange to red wavelength range, and is disposed in a position which is not close to the film of light-reflecting material.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a functional layer for protecting a light emitting element from being deteriorated by a physical or chemical influence when the light emitting element is manufactured or driven, and to attain extension of lifetime of an element and improvement of element characteristics without increasing a drive voltage and degrading transmittance and color purity by providing such a functional layer. One feature of the present invention is to provide a buffer layer made of a composite material for a light emitting element including aromatic hydrocarbon containing at least one vinyl skeleton and metal oxide in part of a light emitting substance containing layer, in the light emitting element fowled by interposing the light emitting substance containing layer between a pair of electrodes. The composite material for a light emitting element for forming the buffer layer of the present invention has high conductivity and is superior in transparency.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a functional layer for protecting a light emitting element from being deteriorated by a physical or chemical influence when the light emitting element is manufactured or driven, and to attain extension of lifetime of an element and improvement of element characteristics without increasing a drive voltage and degrading transmittance and color purity by providing such a functional layer. One feature of the present invention is to provide a buffer layer made of a composite material for a light emitting element including aromatic hydrocarbon containing at least one vinyl skeleton and metal oxide in part of a light emitting substance containing layer, in the light emitting element fowled by interposing the light emitting substance containing layer between a pair of electrodes. The composite material for a light emitting element for forming the buffer layer of the present invention has high conductivity and is superior in transparency.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a functional layer for protecting a light emitting element from being deteriorated by a physical or chemical influence when the light emitting element is manufactured or driven, and to attain extension of lifetime of an element and improvement of element characteristics without increasing a drive voltage and degrading transmittance and color purity by providing such a functional layer. One feature of the present invention is to provide a buffer layer made of a composite material for a light emitting element including aromatic hydrocarbon containing at least one vinyl skeleton and metal oxide in part of a light emitting substance containing layer, in the light emitting element formed by interposing the light emitting substance containing layer between a pair of electrodes. The composite material for a light emitting element for forming the buffer layer of the present invention has high conductivity and is superior in transparency.

Abstract: The present invention provides a light emitting material having high electric conductivity, and further a light emitting element which can be driven at low voltage. Light emitting devices and electronic devices with reduced power consumption can also be provided. A light emitting element including a light emitting material is provided in which a first electrode 101, a first insulating layer 102, a light emitting layer 103, a second insulating layer 104 and a second electrode 105 are provided over a first electrode 101, the light emitting layer 103 includes an inorganic compound that is any of a sulfide, a nitride and an oxide as a base material; at least one element selected from the group consisting of copper, silver, aluminum, fluorine and chlorine, as a luminescent center material; manganese; and either gallium phosphide or gallium antimonide.

Abstract: A first substrate including, on one of surfaces, a light absorption layer having metal nitride and a material layer which is formed so as to be in contact with the light absorption layer is provided; the surface of the first substrate on which the material layer is formed and a deposition target surface of a second substrate are disposed to face each other; and part of the material layer is deposited on the deposition target surface of the second substrate in such a manner that irradiation with laser light having a repetition rate of greater than or equal to 10 MHz and a pulse width of greater than or equal to 100 fs and less than or equal to 10 ns is performed from the other surface side of the first substrate to selectively heat part of the material layer which overlaps with the light absorption layer.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a light-emitting element with high luminous efficiency, and a light-emitting element of low-voltage driving. Another object of the present invention is to provide a light-emitting device with low power consumption by using the light-emitting element. Another object of the present invention is to provide an electronic appliance with low power consumption by using the light-emitting device in a display portion. A light-emitting element includes, between a pair of electrodes, a layer containing a composite material of a first organic compound and an inorganic compound and a layer containing a second organic compound being in contact with the layer containing the composite material, wherein the second organic compound does not have a peak of an absorption spectrum in a wavelength region of 450 to 800 nm if the second organic compound is compounded with the inorganic compound.

Abstract: An evaporation donor substrate that makes it possible to evaporate only a desired evaporation material in the case of performing deposition by an evaporation method. Thus, the use efficiency of an evaporation material can be increased resulting in reduction in production cost, and further a film with high uniformity can be deposited. The evaporation donor substrate can be obtained by forming a reflective layer having an opening over a substrate, forming a thermal insulation layer having a light-transmitting property separately over the substrate and the reflective layer, forming a light absorption layer over the thermal insulation layer, and forming a material layer over the light absorption layer.