Abstract: A first supporting substrate on a front surface of which a reflective layer having an opening is formed and a second supporting substrate on a front surface of which a light absorption layer patterned into island or stripe shapes and a material layer over the light absorption layer are formed are prepared, the first and second supporting substrates are disposed so that the opening of the reflective layer and the light absorption layer overlap with each other and the reflective layer is in contact with a back surface of the second supporting substrate, the second supporting substrate and a deposition target substrate are disposed so that the front surface of the second supporting substrate faces the deposition target substrate, and the material layer is attached to the deposition target substrate by irradiating the back surface of the first supporting substrate with light and by sublimating the material layer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of manufacturing a light-emitting device and an evaporation donor substrate, by which the precision of patterning of an EL layer of each color can be improved in manufacture of a full color flat panel display using emission colors of red, green, and blue. A first substrate which includes a reflective layer including an opening portion, a heat insulating layer including an opening portion in a position overlapped with the opening portion of the reflective layer over the reflective layer, a light absorption layer covering the opening portion of the reflective layer and the opening portion of the heat insulating layer over the heat insulating layer, and a material layer over the light absorption layer is used. While one surface of the first substrate is disposed close to a deposition target surface of a second substrate, the first substrate is irradiated with light from the other surface of the first substrate.

Abstract: To provide an evaporation donor substrate which is used for deposition by an evaporation method and which allows reduction in manufacturing cost and high uniformity of a film which is deposited. In addition, to provide a method for manufacturing a light-emitting device using the evaporation donor substrate. The evaporation donor substrate includes a reflective layer having an opening which is formed over a substrate, a heat insulating layer having a light-transmitting property which is formed over the substrate and the reflective layer, a light absorption layer which is formed over the heat insulating layer; and a material layer which is formed over the light absorption layer.

Abstract: For a full-color flat panel display, demands for high definition, high aperture ratio and high reliability have been increasing. Therefore, increasing in the number of pixels and narrowing a pixel pitch have been major issues. According to the present invention, a layer including an organic compound is selectively formed with a light-exposure apparatus used in a photolithography technique without a resist mask. A material layer including a photopolymerization initiator, a material polymerized with the photopolymerization initiator, and an organic compound are formed on a plate, and then are exposed to light and selectively cured. A film-formation substrate is disposed so as to face the plate. The film-formation substrate or the material layer is heated so that the organic compound included in a region exposed to light or a region not exposed to light is evaporated to be selectively deposited on the surface of the film-formation substrate.

Abstract: An object is to provide a manufacturing method of a light-emitting device including an organic compound layer, in which a desired organic compound layer is easily formed using a plurality of evaporation materials. A first organic compound layer containing a plurality of evaporation materials is formed over a first substrate. The first organic compound layer is formed using a mixture formed by mixture of the plurality of evaporation materials in advance. A second substrate is placed at a position facing the first substrate so as to face the first organic compound layer provided for the first substrate. The first organic compound layer as an evaporation source is heated to be vaporized and a desired second organic compound layer is formed over the second substrate placed so as to face the first substrate. Accordingly, a light-emitting device is manufactured.

Abstract: A binder material layer including an evaporation material is formed over a main surface of an evaporation source substrate, a substrate on which a film is formed is placed so that the binder material layer and a main surface thereof face each other, and heat treatment is performed on a rear surface of the evaporation source substrate so that the evaporation material in the binder material layer is heated to be subjected to sublimation or the like, whereby a layer of the evaporation material is formed on the substrate on which a film is formed. When a low molecular material is used for the evaporation material and a high molecular material is used for the binder material, the viscosity can be easily adjusted, and thus, film formation is possible with higher throughput than conventional film formation.

Abstract: An object is to improve use efficiency of an evaporation material, to reduce manufacturing cost of a light-emitting device, and to reduce manufacturing time needed for a light-emitting device including a layer containing an organic compound. The pressure of a film formation chamber is reduced, a plate is rapidly heated by heat conduction or heat radiation by using a heat source, a material layer on a plate is vaporized in a short time to be evaporated to a substrate on which the material layer is to be formed (formation substrate), and then the material layer is formed on the formation substrate. The area of the plate that is heated rapidly is set to have the same size as the formation substrate and film formation on the formation substrate is completed by one application of heat.

Abstract: An object is to provide a white light-emitting element which emits broad white light which is close to natural light and covers a wide wavelength range; that is, a white light-emitting element which has a broad spectrum waveform. Further, there are various different kinds of white light; however, in particular, an object is to provide a white light-emitting element which emits white light which is close to the standard white color of the NTSC. Over a substrate 100, a second light-emitting element 110 and a first light-emitting element 120 are stacked in series. The first light-emitting element 120 exhibits a light emission spectrum having two peaks (two peaks in the blue to green wavelength range) and is disposed close to a film of light-reflecting material. The second light-emitting element 110 exhibits a light emission spectrum having a peak in the orange to red wavelength range, and is disposed in a position which is not close to the film of light-reflecting material.

Abstract: The present invention provides a light emitting material having high electric conductivity, and further a light emitting element which can be driven at low voltage. Light emitting devices and electronic devices with reduced power consumption can also be provided. A light emitting element including a light emitting material is provided in which a first electrode 101, a first insulating layer 102, a light emitting layer 103, a second insulating layer 104 and a second electrode 105 are provided over a first electrode 101, the light emitting layer 103 includes an inorganic compound that is any of a sulfide, a nitride and an oxide as a base material; at least one element selected from the group consisting of copper, silver, aluminum, fluorine and chlorine, as a luminescent center material; manganese; and either gallium phosphide or gallium antimonide.

Abstract: It is an object to provide a thin-type full-color display device with the long lifetime, inexpensively, in which desired emission luminance and desired color purity can be obtained at a low voltage. In a light-emitting device capable of full-color display, among a plurality of light-emitting elements emitting different emission colors (for example, colors of red (R), green (G), and blue (B)), at least one of the light-emitting elements of an emission color is a light-emitting element including an organic compound (an organic EL element), and the other light-emitting element of an emission color is a light-emitting element using an inorganic material as a light-emitting layer or a fluorescent layer (an inorganic EL element). It is to be noted that the organic EL element and the inorganic EL element are formed over the same substrate.

Abstract: It is an object to provide a light-emitting element having high light-emitting efficiency, which includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a light-emitting layer between the first electrode and the second electrode, where the light-emitting layer contains a base material, a first impurity element, a second impurity element, and an organic compound; the base material is an inorganic compound containing an element belonging to Group 2 and an element belonging to Group 16 of the periodic table, or an inorganic compound containing an element belonging to Group 12 and an element belonging to Group 16 of the periodic table; the first impurity element is any of copper (Cu), silver (Ag), gold (Au), platinum (Pt), arsenic (As), phosphorus (P), or palladium (Pd); and the second impurity element is any of fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), iodine (I), boron (B), aluminum (Al), gallium (Ga), indium (In), or thallium (Tl).

Abstract: To provide a light emitting element driven at a low voltage, and a light emitting element and an electronic apparatus with low power consumption. The invention provides a light emitting element in which a light emitting layer containing a light emitting substance and a layer containing bathophenanthroline are provided between a first electrode and a second electrode. The light emitting substance emits light when a voltage is applied so that the potential of the first electrode is higher than that of the second electrode.

Abstract: A light emitting device comprises a pair of electrodes and a mixed layer provided between the pair of electrodes. The mixed layer contains an organic compound which contains no nitrogen atoms, i.e., an organic compound which dose not have an arylamine skeleton, and a metal oxide. As the organic compound, an aromatic hydrocarbon having an anthracene skeleton is preferably used. As such an aromatic hydrocarbon, t-BuDNA, DPAnth, DPPA, DNA, DMNA, t-BuDBA, and the like are listed. As the metal oxide, molybdenum oxide, vanadium oxide, ruthenium oxide, rhenium oxide, and the like are preferably used. Further, the mixed layer preferably shows absorbance per 1 ?m of 1 or less or does not show a distinct absorption peak in a spectrum of 450 to 650 nm when an absorption spectrum is measured.

Abstract: The present invention provides a light-emitting element, a light-emitting device and an electronic device in which an optical path length through which generated light goes can be changed easily. The present invention provides a light-emitting element including a light-emitting layer between a first electrode and a second electrode, and a mixed layer in contact with the first electrode; in which the light-emitting layer includes a light-emitting substance; the mixed layer includes a hole transporting substance and a metal oxide showing an electron accepting property to the hole transporting substance, and has a thickness of 120 to 180 nm, and when a voltage is applied between the first electrode and the second electrode such that a potential of the first electrode is higher than that of the second electrode, the light-emitting substance emits light.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a functional layer for protecting a light emitting element from being deteriorated by a physical or chemical influence when the light emitting element is manufactured or driven, and to attain extension of lifetime of an element and improvement of element characteristics without increasing a drive voltage and degrading transmittance and color purity by providing such a functional layer. One feature of the present invention is to provide a buffer layer made of a composite material for a light emitting element including aromatic hydrocarbon containing at least one vinyl skeleton and metal oxide in part of a light emitting substance containing layer, in the light emitting element formed by interposing the light emitting substance containing layer between a pair of electrodes. The composite material for a light emitting element for forming the buffer layer of the present invention has high conductivity and is superior in transparency.

Abstract: It is intended to provide a preventive agent for ascites containing coenzyme Q which can sufficiently exert an effect on preventing ascites even when administering in a small dose and within a short period of time, and the preventive agent for ascites which can be effectively administered to poultry using a simple method. Namely, preventive agent for ascites in poultry containing coenzyme Q and a surfactant, wherein the content of the surfactant is in a range of between 0.5 and 80 parts by weight with respect to a total amount of the preventive agent for ascites.

Abstract: It is intended to provide a preventive agent for ascites containing coenzyme Q which can sufficiently exert an effect on preventing ascites even when administering in a small dose and within a short period of time, and the preventive agent for ascites which can be effectively administered to poultry using a simple method. Namely, preventive agent for ascites in poultry containing coenzyme Q and a surfactant wherein the content of the surfactant is in a range of between 0.5 and 80 parts by weight with respect to a total amount of the preventive agent for ascites.

Abstract: Novel inhibitors of IgE production which comprises at least one or more compound selected from the group consisting of &ggr;-linolenic acid, di-homo-&ggr;-linolenic acid and derivatives thereof as an active ingredient(s) are useful in treating skin conditions and the like in which IgG participate.

Abstract: Coenzyme Q is added to a feed composition for broilers, preferably in an amount of from 0.0005 to 0.003% by weight of the total amount of the composition, and the composition is controlled to have a metabolizable energy value of not smaller than 3150 kcal/kg. The coenzyme Q-containing composition is pelletized into pellets. This is fed to broilers for 7 days or longer while the broilers being fed therewith are of 10 to 35-days age. Feeding broilers with the pelletized, coenzyme Q-containing feed composition provided by the invention makes it possible to well prevent the broilers from having ascites and to increase the growth rate of the broilers, whereby raising rate of the broilers is increased and the rearing period thereof is shortened. According to the feeding method of the invention, the productivity in broiler raising is much increased.

Abstract: In order to effectively prevent broilers from ascites and improve the raising rate, broilers are administered with a composition containing quinone(s) represented by the following chemical formula as an active ingredient: ##STR1## wherein Y and Z represent H, CH.sub.3, or one covalent bond of a double bond between C.sup.1 and C.sup.2, and n represents an integer of 1-11 in the chemical formula(I).