Abstract: An encoder considers a frame representing a picture as comprised of areas. For each area, the encoder decides which of frame-based or field-based orthogonal transformation will be most efficient at reducing spatial redundancy in that area. For each area, the encoder decides which of frame-based or field-based predictive encoding will be most efficient at reducing temporal redundancy in that area. The encoder encodes each area of the picture frame using the most efficient orthogonal transformation technique and using the most efficient predictive encoding technique to produce an encoded signal. A decoder decodes the encoded signal. The encoded signal is recorded on a recording medium, transmitted over a transmission channel, or broadcast.

Abstract: An encoder considers a frame representing a picture as comprised of areas. For each area, the encoder decides which of frame-based or field-based orthogonal transformation will be most efficient at reducing spatial redundancy in that area. For each area, the encoder decides which of frame-based or field-based predictive encoding will be most efficient at reducing temporal redundancy in that area. The encoder encodes each area of the picture frame using the most efficient orthogonal transformation technique and using the most efficient predictive encoding technique to produce an encoded signal. A decoder decodes the encoded signal. The encoded signal is recorded on a recording medium, transmitted over a transmission channel, or broadcast.

Abstract: An encoder considers a frame representing a picture as comprised of areas. For each area, the encoder decides which of frame-based or field-based orthogonal transformation will be most efficient at reducing spatial redundancy in that area. For each area, the encoder decides which of frame-based or field-based predictive encoding will be most efficient at reducing temporal redundancy in that area. The encoder encodes each area of the picture frame using the most efficient orthogonal transformation technique and using the most efficient predictive encoding technique to produce an encoded signal. A decoder decodes the encoded signal. The encoded signal is recorded on a recording medium, transmitted over a transmission channel, or broadcast.

Abstract: An encoder considers a frame representing a picture as comprised of areas. For each area, the encoder decides which of frame-based or field-based orthogonal transformation will be most efficient at reducing spatial redundancy in that area. For each area, the encoder decides which of frame-based or field-based predictive encoding will be most efficient at reducing temporal redundancy in that area. The encoder encodes each area of the picture frame using the most efficient orthogonal transformation technique and using the most efficient predictive encoding technique to produce an encoded signal. A decoder decodes the encoded signal. The encoded signal is recorded on a recording medium, transmitted over a transmission channel, or broadcast.

Abstract: An oil groove is provided in a space surrounded with the outer peripheral portion of an end plate of a revolving scroll, a stationary scroll and a frame on the inner surface of the frame, and lubricating oil attached to the inner surface of the frame by splashed with rotation of the balancing weight is reserved in the oil groove and then supplied to a key groove for sliding an Oldham-ring.

Abstract: A canister structure for absorbing fuel vapor in the fuel tank and supplying the fuel vapor into the engine together with purge air is provided. The canister structure includes a canister body filled up with absorbents for absorbing the fuel vapor, a purge pipe connected to the canister body for introducing the purge air into the canister body and a separator for removing moisture contained in the purge air. To the separator, the purge pipe is connected downwardly. The separator is provided on the bottom side with an air inlet of which diameter is larger than that of the purge pipe. With the above-mentioned arrangement, since the separator is so formed as to have a diameter larger than that of the purge pipe, it is possible to reduce a flowing speed of the purge air by means of the separator, so that moisture contained in the purge air can be trapped and eliminated by the separator certainly.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for coding a moving picture signal and decoding a coded moving picture signal. The input picture signal of higher resolution is down-sampled at respective ratios in the longitudinal and lateral directions to generate a picture signal of lower resolution having a different aspect ratio. The coded picture signal of lower resolution is up-sampled at respective ratios in the longitudinal and lateral directions to generate a picture signal of higher resolution having a different aspect ratio.

Abstract: The fuel tank system comprises a tank body for containing fuel therein, a canister for disposing said fuel component, a filler tube connected with the tank body and forming a channel for supplying fuel to the tank body, a vent side check valve having a first chamber and a second chamber separated by a diaphragm, a signal tube connecting the first chamber of the vent side check valve with the upper part of the filler tube, a vent side tube for connecting the tank body with the canister via the second chamber of the vent side check valve and for introducing a gaseous body containing fuel component in the tank body to the canister via the second chamber when filling fuel, and an orifice for the signal tube, provided on the upper part of the signal tube on the filler tube side and having such an inside diameter and a length that may prevent the fuel permeation into the signal tube side from the filler tube side.

Abstract: An oil groove is provided in a space surrounded with the outer peripheral portion of an end plate of a revolving scroll, a stationary scroll and a frame on the inner surface of the frame, and lubricating oil attached to the inner surface of the frame by splashed with rotation of the balancing weight is reserved in the oil groove and then supplied to a key groove for sliding an Oldham-ring.

Abstract: An encoder considers a frame representing a picture as comprised of areas. For each area, the encoder decides which of frame-based or field-based orthogonal transformation will be most efficient at reducing spatial redundancy in that area. For each area, the encoder decides which of frame-based or field-based predictive encoding will be most efficient at reducing temporal redundancy in that area. The encoder encodes each area of the picture frame using the most efficient orthogonal transformation technique and using the most efficient predictive encoding technique to produce an encoded signal. A decoder decodes the encoded signal. The encoded signal is recorded on a recording medium, transmitted over a transmission channel, or broadcast.

Abstract: An apparatus for coding a moving picture in which one frame is comprised of two fields, includes a coder such that, with respect to all blocks in a frame, the odd field (the first field) and the even field (second field) are divided into blocks, thus permitting motion prediction of the second field from the first field, a coder means adapted for switching, every macro block, whether or not a frame is divided into the first field and the second field to generate block data to adaptively switch these coders every frame, thereby making it possible to obtain a picture of a high picture quality with a lesser quantity of information, to reduce the scale of hardware, and to reduce the capacity of a decoder.

Abstract: In an encoder, an input picture of a non-interlace structure is sampled by down sampling to form an interlace picture, and the interlace picture is encoded. The encoded data are decoded to form an interlace decoded picture, and the interlace decoded picture is sampled by up sampling and utilized as a predictive picture upon encoding of the non-interlace input picture. In a decoder, a bit stream corresponding to an interlace picture of a low resolution is decoded into an interlace decoded picture. The interlace decoded picture is sampled by up sampling and is utilized as a predictive picture upon decoding of a bit stream corresponding to a non-interlace picture of a high resolution.

Abstract: A valve unit installed in the pipeline equipped with double tubes. A valve body has an inlet passage, an outlet passage and a valve chamber. An inner tube of an inlet double tube is welded to the inlet passage of the inlet double tube, and an outer tube of the inlet double tube is secured to the valve body. The outlet double tube is also attached to the valve body. A cover is welded to the valve body, the inlet double tube and the outlet double tube. Passages are provided for leading leaked gas from the valve chamber to conduits formed between the outer tube and the inner tube of the inlet double tube and the outlet double tube.