Abstract: Provided is a crystal vibration device in which it is difficult to transfer heat to a temperature-sensitive element and a crystal vibrator. A crystal vibration device 1 according to the present invention includes: a mounting board 2; connection electrodes 4a and 4b extending on a side surface of the mounting board 2 and reaching an upper surface 2a of the mounting board 2; a first package material 9 provided on the mounting board 2; a crystal vibrator 7 provided on an upper surface 9a of the first package material 9; and a temperature-sensitive element 14 mounted on a lower surface 9b of the first package material 9. Each of the connection electrodes 4a and 4b has a first portion 4A located on the upper surface 2a of the mounting board 2.

Abstract: A membrane separation type activated sludge treatment method according to an aspect of the present invention includes a step of performing biological treatment on waste water and a step of performing membrane separation on water having been treated in the biological treatment step. The membrane separation step employs a plurality of filtration modules including a plurality of hollow fiber membranes arranged adjacent to one another and oriented in one direction and a pair of holding members fixing both ends of the plurality of hollow fiber membranes, and a plurality of cleaning modules supplying air bubbles from beneath the filtration modules. An amount of treated water sucked by the filtration modules and an amount of air bubbles supplied by the cleaning modules are varied in response to variations in an inflow rate of the waste water in the biological treatment step.

Abstract: A filter unit according to the present invention includes a plurality of filtration modules and a plurality of air bubble generation modules. Each filtration module includes a plurality of hollow fiber membranes extending in an up-down direction and arranged side by side in a curtain shape and a pair of holding members to which top and bottom ends of the hollow fiber membranes are fixed. The air bubble generation modules discharge bubbles toward the hollow fiber membranes. The filtration modules are arranged in parallel at intervals. each air bubble generation module has a discharge port that is disposed between lower holding members of a pair of adjacent filtration modules and above bottom ends of the lower holding members.

Abstract: A membrane separation type activated sludge treatment method according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a step of performing biological treatment on waste water; and a step of performing membrane separation after the biological treatment step, wherein the membrane separation step is performed with a plurality of filtration modules including a plurality of hollow fiber membranes arranged adjacent to one another and oriented in one direction and a pair of holding members fixing both ends of the plurality of hollow fiber membranes, and a number of the filtration modules operated is changed in accordance with variations in an inflow rate of waste water in the biological treatment step.

Abstract: A method of operating a filtration apparatus according to the present invention is a method of operating a filtration apparatus which includes one or more filtration modules provided with a plurality of hollow-fiber membranes arranged in parallel in one direction and a pair of holding members configured to fix both ends of the plurality of hollow-fiber membranes, and one or more cleaning modules configured to supply bubbles from below the filtration modules, the method including an operation step of carrying out a filtration treatment with the filtration modules, and a cleaning step of cleaning the filtration modules while stopping the filtration treatment with the filtration modules for 0.25 to 3 hours. The cleaning step is performed at intervals of 12 to 72 hours.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an information processing apparatus including: a native processing section adapted to perform processing based on a program stored therein so as to generate a native image as a processing result; a web processing section adapted to generate a web image based on data requested to a server; and a display image generation section adapted to generate a display image and output the display image to a display device, the display image including an element image making up at least part of the native image and an element image making up at least part of the web image, in which the native processing section and the web processing section move the element images in the same direction when the target to be operated by a user is switched between the native image and the web image to change the configuration of the display image.

Abstract: A filtration apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes at least one filtration module including a plurality of hollow-fiber membranes arranged by being pulled in one direction and a pair of holding members that fix both ends of the plurality of hollow-fiber membranes, and at least one cleaning module that supplies air bubbles from below the filtration module. In the filtration apparatus, the filtration module has a structure in which the plurality of hollow-fiber membranes are arranged to form a curtain-like shape on the holding members each having a shape of a bar, and the holding members each have a plurality of regions in which the plurality of hollow-fiber membranes are densely arranged and which are disposed at intervals in a longitudinal direction.

Abstract: A water treatment method according to the present invention is a water treatment method in which oil is membrane-separated from water to be treated containing the oil and ferrous ions, the water treatment method including an oxidation step of oxidizing the ferrous ions in the water to be treated, and a filtration step of membrane-filtering the water to be treated after the oxidation step. In the oxidation step, a pH of the water to be treated is adjusted to 6 to 9, and an oxidation-reduction potential of the water to be treated is adjusted to 450 to 750 mV.

Abstract: A filtration unit includes a plurality of filtration modules and a piping unit. Each filtration module includes a plurality of hollow fiber membranes extending in a vertical direction and arranged side by side in a form of a plate, and a first water collector having a linear shape that is connected to upper openings of the hollow fiber membranes and through which filtered liquid that has permeated into each hollow fiber membrane flows. The piping unit is connected to the first water collectors of the filtration modules. The filtration modules are arranged in two rows and in a striped pattern in each row. The piping unit includes two combining pipes that are arranged parallel to each other and that are connected to outer end portions of the first water collectors of the filtration modules in each row by first connection pipes.

Abstract: An encoder system includes a signal processing circuit including: (1) a first position data detection circuit that detects first position data representing positional displacement in rotation of an input shaft through first predetermined signal processing based on a first detection signal input from a first absolute position encoder; (2) a second position data detection circuit that detects second position data representing positional displacement in rotation of an output shaft through second predetermined signal processing based on a second detection signal input from a second absolute position encoder; (3) a position data combination circuit that combines the first and second position data to generate combined position data representing the number of rotations of the input shaft and the positional displacement within one rotation of the input shaft; and (4) a position data comparing and collating circuit that compares and collates the first and second position data.

Abstract: A filtration module according to one embodiment of the present invention includes plural hollow fiber membranes held while being aligned in one direction and a pair of holding members that fix both ends of the hollow fiber membranes. In the holding members, an existence region where the hollow fiber membranes exist has a rectangular shape in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the hollow fiber membranes are aligned. The hollow fiber membranes are arranged in a matrix in a long side direction and a short side direction of the existence region. In the existence region, a ratio of an average pitch of the hollow fiber membranes in the long side direction to an average pitch of the hollow fiber membranes in the short side direction is 1.2 or more and 2.5 or less.

Abstract: A filtration module according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of hollow fiber membranes held while being aligned in one direction and a pair of holding members that fix both ends of the hollow fiber membranes. In the holding members, an existence region where the hollow fiber membranes exist has a rectangular shape in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the hollow fiber membranes are aligned; a ratio of an average length of the existence region in a long side direction to an average length of the existence region in a short side direction is 10 or more and 50 or less; an average outer diameter of the hollow fiber membranes is 1 mm or more and 6 mm or less; and a ratio of an average effective length of the hollow fiber membranes between the holding members to the average length of the existence region in the short side direction is 40 or more and 200 or less.

Abstract: A forward osmosis membrane characterized in that a thin membrane layer having the performance of a semi-permeable membrane is laminated on a polyketone support layer.

Abstract: Provided is an information processing apparatus capable of, even during a period in which an application program is not executed, presenting, to a user, information on an execution content of the application program. The information processing apparatus acquires display element information output by the application program during an execution of the application program, stores the display element information in a storage unit, generates an image including a display element represented by the display element information stored in the storage unit as a program-related image presenting information relating to the application program, and controls a display unit to display the generated image during the period in which the application program is not executed.

Abstract: A filtration apparatus and an immersion-type filtration method using the same having excellent treatment efficiency and cost performance are provided. The filtration apparatus of the present invention is an immersion-type filtration apparatus that purifies a liquid to be treated by using a filtration membrane, and includes a plurality of filtration units each including a filtration vessel and at least one filtration membrane module immersed in the filtration vessel, the filtration units being arranged in series. The liquid to be treated is preferably supplied from an upstream filtration unit to a downstream filtration unit of the filtration apparatus by causing the liquid to be treated to overflow. An air bubble supplying unit that supplies air bubbles from under the filtration membrane module is preferably provided.

Abstract: An object is to provide an intermittent-bubbling device that can generate a bubble having a large diameter and that can be suitably used for, for example, claiming a filtration module. The present invention provides an intermittent-bubbling device used while being immersed in a liquid, and formed from a series of tubes, the intermittent-bubbling device including a gas storage path, one end of which opens downward, which stores a predetermined amount of gas, and which has a substantially inverted U-shape, and a gas-guiding path that communicates with the other end of the gas storage path, and that guides the gas upward from the other end. Preferably, a highest point at a lowest position of the gas-guiding path is not lower than the other end of the gas storage path. A cross-sectional area on the one end side of the gas storage path at a horizontal level position horizontal to the other end of the gas storage path is preferably larger than a cross-sectional area of the gas-guiding path.

Abstract: An object is to provide a filtration apparatus which can be reduced in size by relatively densely arranging a plurality of filtration modules and in which the efficiency of cleaning the hollow-fiber membranes can be increased. A filtration apparatus according to the present invention includes a plurality of filtration modules, each including a plurality of hollow-fiber membranes, which are arranged in parallel in a vertical direction so as to form a substantially curtain-like shape, and a pair of rod-shaped holding members that secure top and bottom ends of the hollow-fiber membranes; one or more cleaning modules that supply bubbles to the filtration modules from below; and a frame that holds the filtration modules and the one or more cleaning modules. The filtration modules are arranged in parallel and with substantially constant intervals therebetween.

Abstract: The fuel cell catalyst layer has: a catalyst including a carbon support having pores with a pore diameter of from 1 nm to 5 nm and a catalyst metal supported within the pores of the carbon support; and an ionomer having a glass transition temperature equal to or greater than 160° C.

Abstract: The fuel cell catalyst layer has: a catalyst including a highly crystalline carbon support and a catalyst metal supported by the highly crystalline carbon support; and an ionomer having a glass transition temperature equal to or greater than 160° C.

Abstract: The present invention provides intermittent-bubbling equipment used while being immersed in a liquid. The intermittent-bubbling equipment includes a tubular casing vertically disposed; and a plurality of partition walls disposed substantially parallel to an axial direction in the casing, and configured to define a gas introducing chamber, a gas inducing chamber, and a gas discharging chamber. The gas introducing chamber and the gas inducing chamber communicate with each other at a top of the casing, and the gas inducing chamber and the gas discharging chamber communicate with each other at a bottom of the casing. An upper side of the gas introducing chamber and an upper side of the gas inducing chamber are closed by a lid plate, and a lower side of the gas inducing chamber and a lower side of the gas discharging chamber are closed by a bottom plate. A cross-sectional area of the gag introducing chamber may be greater than a cross-sectional area of the gas discharging chamber.