Abstract: A crystal oscillation device in which crystal unit is mounted on a package board as a package material and the package board is joined to a mounting board by conductive joining materials. Moreover, a gap is provided between the package board and the mounting board other than portions joined by the conductive joining material and the conductive joining material.

Abstract: An encoder includes a first rotator connectable to a rotating shaft and including a first pattern, and a first detection unit positioned at a non-rotatory member and configured to detect the first pattern. The encoder also includes a second rotator connectable to an output shaft that is rotatable around a predetermined axis and is configured to output rotation caused by the rotating shaft. The encoder also includes a second detection unit positioned at the non-rotatory member and configured to detect the second pattern, and a reference unit configured to position the first detection unit and the second detection unit by a common position reference.

Abstract: Provided is a crystal vibration device in which it is difficult to transfer heat to a temperature-sensitive element and a crystal vibrator. A crystal vibration device 1 according to the present invention includes: a mounting board 2; connection electrodes 4a and 4b extending on a side surface of the mounting board 2 and reaching an upper surface 2a of the mounting board 2; a first package material 9 provided on the mounting board 2; a crystal vibrator 7 provided on an upper surface 9a of the first package material 9; and a temperature-sensitive element 14 mounted on a lower surface 9b of the first package material 9. Each of the connection electrodes 4a and 4b has a first portion 4A located on the upper surface 2a of the mounting board 2.

Abstract: Before a communication control device ECU falls into a sleep state or a power-off state, a substitution request is transmitted to an ECU, among substitute candidate devices ECU to ECU, that is determined by a substitute transmission acceptability determining unit as being capable of taking over the communication control device. A substitution-capable processing load quantity, a substitution-capable process importance level, or a failure determination result of each of the ECUs is used as determination criteria when the substitute transmission acceptability determining unit of the ECU determines a substitute device, and the determination is carried out in an order that takes into consideration the process importance level of each of the ECUs during travelling or at a standstill, to prevent failures in a network or abnormal behaviors of a vehicle.

Abstract: Provided is a cell capacity adjusting device for reducing fluctuations in state of charge (SOC) among cells of a battery pack 101, which is formed by connecting a plurality of cells 111-116 in series, during suspension of operation of electrically-powered equipment whose main power source is the battery pack 101. From among the plurality of cells 111-116, one or a plurality of cells having a voltage value equal to or higher than a cell capacity adjustment target voltage are selected. By the selected cells, an intermittent operation unit 105, which operates even during the suspension of operation of the electrically-powered equipment, is caused to perform an intermittent operation. Through repetition of the intermittent operation, voltage values of the selected cells are decreased. Thus, fluctuations in state of charge (SOC) among cells are reduced without unnecessarily discharging battery stored energy of the battery pack 101.

Abstract: The invention offers a filtration apparatus having excellent capability to clean the surface of hollow-fiber membranes and being able to maintain high filtration capability and an immersion-type filtration method using the filtration apparatus. The invention is a filtration apparatus that is an immersion type and that is provided with both a filtration module having multiple hollow-fiber membranes held in a state in which they are arranged by being pulled unidirectionally and a gas supplier that supplies gas bubbles from under the filtration module. In the filtration apparatus, each of the gas bubbles supplied by the gas supplier is divided into a plurality of gas bubbles after colliding against the filtration module. It is desirable that the gas bubbles supplied by the gas supplier have an average horizontal diameter larger than the maximum spacing of holding portions in the multiple hollow-fiber membranes in the filtration module.

Abstract: The present invention provides a filtration device comprising a filtration tank that stores a liquid to be treated, the liquid containing a microorganism; an immersion-type filtration module that is disposed in the filtration tank and that includes a plurality of separation membranes; and a first gas supply unit that generates bubbles for cleaning the separation membranes from below the immersion-type filtration module. The filtration device further includes a second gas supply unit that is arranged in a lower portion of the filtration tank so as to be spaced apart from the first gas supply unit and that generates bubbles for supplying oxygen. A bubble-rising prevention zone is formed above the second gas supply unit by the generation of the bubbles from the first gas supply unit. A downflow of the liquid to be treated is preferably present in the bubble-rising prevention zone. A turbulence flow of the liquid to be treated may be present in the bubble-rising prevention zone.

Abstract: A filtration device includes a tubular body having an inlet and an outlet for a solution to be treated, and a plurality of hollow fiber membranes aligned in the tubular body. By creating a difference in pressure between the outside and inside of the hollow fiber membranes, water in the solution to be treated is passed from the outside to the inside. The filtration device further includes a gas supply unit configured to supply a bubble from below the plurality of hollow fiber membranes. The tubular body has a gas discharge port above the inlet and the outlet. The gas discharge port is provided for discharging the bubble supplied from the gas supply unit to the outside.

Abstract: A joint of a robot includes a driving motor, a speed reducer that reduces rotation of an output shaft of the motor, and an arm connected to the speed reducer. The joint includes an input encoder that detects a rotational position of the motor and an output encoder that detects a rotational position of the arm. A controller controls the motor based on data indicating the rotational positions of the motor and the arm detected by the input encoder and the output encoder, respectively. The input encoder is arranged with a register that latches and retains an input EC value. The output encoder includes a register that latches and retains an output EC value, and an edge pulse output section that outputs an edge pulse to both registers every time the output EC value changes. In response to the edge pulse, both registers concurrently output EC values to the controller.

Abstract: A membrane distillation module and a wastewater treatment apparatus are provided which performs purification through membrane distillation using a porous membrane provided with an oil-repellent layer obtained by combining and immobilizing a substance having an oil-repellent function on at least one surface of a base membrane implemented by a hydrophobic porous membrane.

Abstract: Provided is a method for purifying wastewater containing an oil component, a salt component, and an organic matter produced when extracting petroleum from a stratum or a bedrock layer, including performing membrane distillation using a fluorine-based resin hydrophobic porous membrane made of PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), PVDF (polyvinylidene difluoride) or PCTFE (polychlorotrifluoroethylene) and having a practical maximum operating temperature exceeding 100° C., and simultaneously removing the oil component, the salt component and the organic matter contained in the wastewater.

Abstract: A wastewater treatment method for purifying heated wastewater produced when recovering bitumen from an oil sand layer by an in-situ recovery method for reuse as steam is provided. The method includes extracting bitumen from a bitumen-mixed fluid recovered by injecting high-temperature steam into the oil sand layer, and subjecting separated heated wastewater to membrane distillation using a hydrophobic porous membrane provided in a membrane distillation module to recover treated water from which an oil component, a salt component, and an organic matter contained in the heated wastewater have been reduced/removed.

Abstract: A process for purification treatment of wastewater according to the present invention is a process for conducting a purification treatment of wastewater containing polyvinyl alcohol by using a membrane bioreactor process, the process including adding a nutrient to a treatment system. The nutrient is preferably added to an aeration tank. The nutrient preferably contains nitrogen. An amount of the nutrient initially added is preferably 5% or more and 25% or less in terms of nitrogen. The process for purification treatment of wastewater preferably includes a step of measuring a nitrogen content after a treatment, and an amount of the nutrient added is preferably adjusted on the basis of the result of this measurement while checking the effect on the basis of a chemical oxygen demand. The nutrient may be added to the aeration tank by a mechanism that adds the nutrient to the treatment system or by feeding the nutrient manually to the treatment system.

Abstract: The present invention provides an agent for the prophylactic or treatment of diabetes, diabetic complications, insulin resistance syndrome, metabolic syndrome, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis, cardiac failure, cardiomyopathy, myocardial ischemia, brain ischemia, cerebral apoplexy, pulmonary hypertension, hyperlactacidemia, mitochondrial disease, mitochondrial encephalomyopathy or cancer, namely, a PDHK inhibitor and the like. A compound represented by the following formula [I] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate thereof: wherein each symbol is as defined in the specification.

Abstract: Before a communication control device ECU falls into a sleep state or a power-off state, a substitution request is transmitted to an ECU, among substitute candidate devices ECU to ECU, that is determined by a substitute transmission acceptability determining unit as being capable of taking over the communication control device. A substitution-capable processing load quantity, a substitution-capable process importance level, or a failure determination result of each of the ECUs is used as determination criteria when the substitute transmission acceptability determining unit of the ECU determines a substitute device, and the determination is carried out in an order that takes into consideration the process importance level of each of the ECUs during travelling or at a standstill, to prevent failures in a network or abnormal behaviors of a vehicle.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a filtration module and a filtration apparatus, each of which has excellent capability of cleaning the surfaces of hollow-fiber membranes and can maintain high filtration capability. The present invention provides a filtration module including a plurality of hollow-fiber membranes held in a state of being arranged in parallel in one direction, and holding members configured to fix both ends of the hollow-fiber membranes, in which the hollow-fiber membranes each include a support layer containing, as a main component, polytetrafluoroethylene and a filtration layer disposed on a surface of the support layer and containing, as a main component, polytetrafluoroethylene; and in which the ratio of the average length to the average outside diameter of the hollow-fiber membranes is 500 to 3,000. The hollow-fiber membranes may be arranged in parallel in the vertical direction.

Abstract: A home screen display unit displays a home screen indicating a plurality of menus. If an execution menu of a game application is selected in the home screen, a game screen display unit displays in full screen a game screen indicating an execution result of the game application. If an execution menu of an application other than a game is selected in the home screen, a browser screen display unit displays in full screen a browser screen indicating an execution result of the application other than a game. A screen transition control unit allows a direct transition from the game screen to the browser screen if a predetermined operation is performed while the game screen is displayed, and allows a direct transition from the browser screen to the game screen if the predetermined operation is performed while the browser screen is displayed.

Abstract: An electric double-layer capacitor, which provides enhanced heat release-ability with a simple configuration ensuring vibration resistance and impact resistance and to improve durability in a severe marginal environment, is provided. The electric double-layer capacitor includes capacitor cells; a pair of end plates, respectively disposed on both sides of a plurality of parallelly arranged capacitor cells; a metallic case for housing the end plates, a plurality of capacitor cells; and an insulating resin, filling the interior of the metallic case to cover the end plates, a plurality of capacitor cells and lead terminals, wherein the electric double-layer capacitor further includes an external connecting terminal having two end sections, one of the end sections being disposed in the end plate within the insulating resin, and wherein the lead terminal of the capacitor cell disposed adjacent to the end plate is configured to be connected to the one of the end sections of the external connecting terminal.

Abstract: An encoder system includes a signal processing circuit including: (1) a first position data detection circuit that detects first position data representing positional displacement in rotation of an input shaft through first predetermined signal processing based on a first detection signal input from a first absolute position encoder; (2) a second position data detection circuit that detects second position data representing positional displacement in rotation of an output shaft through second predetermined signal processing based on a second detection signal input from a second absolute position encoder; (3) a position data combination circuit that combines the first and second position data to generate combined position data representing the number of rotations of the input shaft and the positional displacement within one rotation of the input shaft; and (4) a position data comparing and collating circuit that compares and collates the first and second position data.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an information processing apparatus including: a native processing section adapted to perform processing based on a program stored therein so as to generate a native image as a processing result; a web processing section adapted to generate a web image based on data requested to a server; and a display image generation section adapted to generate a display image and output the display image to a display device, the display image including an element image making up at least part of the native image and an element image making up at least part of the web image, in which the native processing section and the web processing section move the element images in the same direction when the target to be operated by a user is switched between the native image and the web image to change the configuration of the display image.