Abstract: A matrix substrate having, on a substrate, a plurality of electroconductive members to constitute pixel electrodes arrayed in a matrix pattern, and an electrically insulating member comprising a projecting region disposed between the electroconductive members to separate the pixel electrodes from each other, wherein a metal material having a higher melting point than that of the electroconductive members is placed at the base of the projecting region.

Abstract: A semiconductor device comprises a contact hole for connecting electroconductive films having a stepped profile with the top having a size greater than the bottom, the top size of the contact hole being defined in a self-aligning manner by another film disposed between said electroconductive films.

Abstract: A semiconductor apparatus of the type includes a plurality of semiconductor devices arranged in a matrix and each having a principal electrode, an insulating layer coating the semiconductor devices, and a plurality of pixel electrodes (conductor film patterns) each disposed on the insulating film and connected to the principal electrode of semiconductor device through a contact hole formed in the insulating layer.

Abstract: A semiconductor device comprises a contact hole for connecting electroconductive films having a stepped profile with the top having a size greater than the bottom, the top size of the contact hole being defined in a self-aligning manner by another film disposed between said electroconductive films.

Abstract: A matrix substrate comprises a pixel region formed by arranging a plurality of pixel electrodes to a matrix, drive circuit regions for feeding said pixel electrodes with electric signals and sealing regions. The gaps separating the pixel electrodes are filled with insulation members of an insulating material to provide a continuous surface connecting those of the pixel electrodes and members of the material of the pixel electrodes and those of the material of the insulation members are arranged at least either in the drive circuit regions or in the sealing regions to provide a continuous surface there.

Abstract: A heat-sensitive recording sheet superior in color formation and sticking resistance and excellent in storage stabilities such as plasticizer resistance and wet-rub resistance and printability which comprises a support and, provided thereon, a heat-sensitive recording layer and a protective layer is provided by using as a main component of the protective layer in the case of the protective layer comprising one layer a latex having a softening point of 200.degree.-350.degree. C. obtained by polymerizing mainly a specific hydrophobic vinyl monomer in the presence of a polymeric latex having a glass transition temperature of 50.degree. C. or lower and as a main component of the protective layer in the case of the protective layer comprising two or more layers a latex having a softening point of 150.degree.-260.degree. C. in the inner layer(s) and preferably, using in the outermost protective layer said specific latex having a softening point of 200.degree.-350.degree. C.

Abstract: The present invention proposes an ultrasonic wave linear motor constituted in such a way that an oscillatory element for making oscillation in a direction crossing the shaft line of an oscillatory member is attached to the oscillatory member made of an elastic body formed in a rod shape and a driven body capable of making free relative movement in a direction crossing the shaft line in relation to the above oscillatory member is arranged to abut the end of the above oscillatory member, and also proposes such a driving process that, the ultrasonic wave linear motor makes linear movement by exciting flexural oscillation and longitudinal oscillation on the above oscillatory member by means of the oscillation of an oscillatory element so that an elliptical oscillation composed of flexural oscillation and longitudinal oscillation may take place on the surface of the oscillatory member in contact with the driven body.

Abstract: Disclosed is a chucking device for chucking a drum to keep it vertical while the drum is immersed in a coating liquid to be coated with the coating liquid. The chucking device comprises upper and lower pressure members having tapered peripheral surfaces at their ends facing each other. An annular elastic member is fitted between the tapered peripheral surfaces. The pressure members are constantly urged toward each other. When chucking a drum, the lower pressure member is moved away from the upper pressure member by means of compressed air so as to contract the elastic member, thereby allowing the pressure members and the elastic member to be inserted into the drum. Then, the compressed air is released, allowing the pressure members to contact each other. This causes the elastic member to be pressed outward by the tapered peripheral surfaces to tightly contact the inner surface of the drum.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a driving mechanism for an electronic part such as a switch, a variable resistor, etc., which can be remote-controlled, wherein an ultrasonic motor is used as a driving source for the electronic part. Therefore the object thereof is to provide a driving mechanism for an electronic part, which produces no electromagnetic noise and for which the construction can be simplified by omitting a converting mechanism and a controlling mechanism.

Abstract: This invention provides an electrophotosensitive material comprising a conductive substrate and a photosensitive layer formed thereon, the photosensitive layer includes a perylene compound (I) and an X-type metal-free phtalocyanine as a charge-generating ingredient and a diamine derivative (II) as a charge-transferring ingredient in the binding resin. This electrophotosensitive material is especially superior in sensitivity and reproductivity. Formulas (I) and (II) are defined as follows: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7, R.sup.8, R.sup.9 l, m, n, o and p have the same meanings as defined in the text of the specification.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrophotosensitive material comprising a conductive substrate, and a photosensitive layer provided on the conductive substrate and containing a m-phenylenediamine compound represented by the general formula [I]: ##STR1## (wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R are the same as defined before). The present electrophotosensitive material has high sensitivity and is easy to be manufactured.

Abstract: A device capable of being operated by remote control for driving a part on a vehicle uses an ultrasonic linear actuator as a source for driving the part on a vehicle. An ultrasonic linear actuator neither produces electromagnetic noises nor is influenced by electromagnetic noises, which is useful for electronization of parts on a vehicle.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrophotosensitive material containing the diamine derivative represented by the following general formula (I) and at least one selected from the group consisting of the hydrazone compound, fluorene compound and m-phenylenediamine compound. ##STR1## wherein R.sup.5 to R.sup.9, l, m, n, o and p are as defined.

Abstract: An ultrasonic linear motor including a traveling member having a columnar leg portion abutting at its one end against a traveling surface, and a piezoelectric element mounted on the traveling member for vibrating the leg portion in a direction intersecting an axis of the leg portion. A cover is provided around the traveling member for covering the traveling member and a protecting member is filled inside the cover in such a manner as to fully cover the piezoelectric element for protecting the piezoelectric element from an external environment, whereby the piezoelectric element can be protected from the external environment, and the separation of the piezoelectric element from the traveling member can be prevented.

Abstract: An X-Y stage including a fixed plate, a moving plate adapted to linearly reciprocatively move relative to the fixed plate, and an ultrasonic linear motor provided on either the fixed plate or the moving plate. The ultrasonic linear motor is provided with at lest two leg portions oriented in a direction perpendicular to a moving direction of the moving plate, a body portion for connecting base ends of the leg portions, and vibration sources for vibrating the leg portions and the body portion. The leg portions have free ends pressed against the other of the fixed plate on which the motor is not provided and the moving plate.

Abstract: An electrophotographic process includes performing removal of electricity or pre-charging by direct current corona discharge and main charging by direct current corona discharge of a polarity reverse to the polarity for removal of electric charge or pre-charging on an organic photoconductive photosensitive layer chargeable at both the positive and negative polarities. Then is performed imagewise exposure, development with a toner and transfer of the toner image. Such operations are repeated to form plural images. Main charging is carried out with an applied current such that the photosensitive layer surface potential is saturated at 500 to 700 volts (absolute value) and removal of electric charge or pre-charging is carried out with at an applied current lower than the saturation injected current value and corresponding to 40 to 90% thereof.

Abstract: A toner cleaning apparatus for removing a toner left on the surface of an electrophotographic photosensitive material by a doctor blade in the electrophotographic process includes an elastic doctor blade having a toner-scraping top end, a holder for supporting the base of the doctor blade, a fulcrum for swingably supporting the holder and a pressing mechanism for pressing the top end of the doctor blade to the surface of the photosensitive material, wherein the fulcrum and doctor blade are arranged so that on the feed-out side of the photosensitive material, the contact angle .alpha. between the top end of the doctor blade and the photosensitive material is smaller than the angle .beta.

Abstract: In the electrophotographic process in which an image is formed by performing imagewise light exposure, toner development, toner image transfer and cleaning after charging a photoconductive photosensitive layer by direct current corona discharge, an organic photoconductive photosensitive layer in which the surface potential is saturated at 500 to 700 volts as the absolute value is used as the photosensitive layer and charging is carried out at an injection current which becomes saturated at said surface potential.According to this process, good images can be stably obtained irrespectively of environmental changes or even if the cycle number of the copying operation is increased.

Abstract: An electrophotographic process includes performing main charging by direct current corona discharge and imagewise exposure on an organic photoconductive photosensitive layer chargeable at both positive and negative polarities, developing a formed electrostatic image with a magnetic brush of a toner, bringing the photosensitive layer bearing a toner image thus formed thereon into contact with a copying sheet, performing transfer of the toner by direct current corona discharge of the same polarity as that of the main charging step applied to the back surface of the copying sheet, and cleaning the photosensitive layer, from which the toner has been transferred, with the magnetic brush after removal of residual charge. The injected current of the direct current corona discharge during the transfer of the toner is set at a level 23 to 35 times the injected current initiating the transfer of the toner.