Abstract: Disclosed is a p-type organic semiconductive material that is easy to produce and that has a high planarity in its polymer skeleton, and also provides a photoelectric conversion material, a photoelectric conversion layer, a photoelectric conversion element, and an organic thin film solar cell each having high photoelectric conversion efficiency and using the p-type organic semiconductive material. Specifically, the invention provides a bibenzo[b]furan compound having at least one constitutional unit represented by the following formula (1) or (2), as well as a photoelectric conversion material, a photoelectric conversion layer, a photoelectric conversion element, and an organic thin film solar cell each using that compound for a p-type organic semiconductive material.

Abstract: A photoelectric conversion device that includes a work electrode, an opposed electrode, and an electrolyte-containing layer. In the work electrode, a metal oxide semiconductor layer supporting a dye is provided. The dye contains a cyanine compound that has a methine chain, an indolenine skeleton bonded with both ends of the methine chain, and anchor groups introduced to a nitrogen atom included in the indolenine skeleton. Electron injection efficiency to the metal oxide semiconductor layer is improved, and the dye is hardly exfoliated from the metal oxide semiconductor layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a novel compound represented by formula (1) below. In the formula, A represents an optionally substituted aromatic hydrocarbon ring or aromatic heterocyclic group, B represents a group including a chain of one to four pieces of one or more groups selected from groups represented by specific formulae (B-1) to (B-13) (such as —C?C— or —N?N—, specifically see the description), R1 to R3 each represent an optionally substituted hydrocarbon or hydrocarbonoxy group, at least one of R1 to R3 represents an optionally substituted hydrocarbonoxy group, R4 and R5 each represent an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group, R4 and R5 may be linked together to form a ring, and R4 and R5 may be each independently linked with A to form a ring.

Abstract: Disclosed is a novel compound represented by formula (1) below. In the formula, A represents an optionally substituted aromatic hydrocarbon ring or aromatic heterocyclic group, B represents a group including a chain of one to four pieces of one or more groups selected from groups represented by specific formulae (B-1) to (B-13) (such as —C?C— or —N?N—, specifically see the description), R1 to R3 each represent an optionally substituted hydrocarbon or hydrocarbonoxy group, at least one of R1 to R3 represents an optionally substituted hydrocarbonoxy group, R4 and R5 each represent an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group, R4 and R5 may be linked together to form a ring, and R4 and R5 may be each independently linked with A to form a ring.

Abstract: A carrier system carries at least one type of sensitizing dye described in (A) and at least one type of sensitizing dye described in (B): (A) a sensitizing dye having a ?-conjugated group and at least one anchor group, wherein the ?-conjugated group and every one of the anchor group(s) are connected by a spacer having at least one alkylene and having an atomicity of 5 to 20; and (B) a sensitizing dye having a ?-conjugated group and at least one anchor group, wherein the ?-conjugated group and at least one anchor group are connected by a direct bond or by a spacer having at least one alkylene and having an atomicity of 1 to 4. In (A) and (B), the spacer is composed of carbon atoms, or carbon atoms and oxygen atom(s) etc., under predetermined conditions (see Description), and may have a branched chain or a ring structure.

Abstract: A collecting unit collects detection information of human bodies present in plural rooms. The calculating unit calculates movement probabilities at which at least one of individual persons moves from one of two rooms to the other and from the other room to the one room, based on a time difference between human body detections for two rooms and a parameter depending on a movement distance between the two rooms. An updating unit calculates, for each of the rooms, first and second movement probabilities of each of the individual persons, each being a movement probability from the room to each of the other rooms and being a movement probability from each of the other rooms to the room, and updates the in-room probability of each of the individual persons for each of the rooms based on the first and second movement probabilities.

Abstract: The photoelectric conversion device described herein includes a working electrode having a dye-supported metal oxide electrode in which a dye is supported on a metal oxide layer. The dye includes a structure represented by general formula (I) wherein A is a structure having a maximum absorption wavelength ?max of 350 to 500 nm in a methanol solution; B is a cyanine skeleton having a maximum absorption wavelength ?max of 500 to 700 nm in a methanol solution; Z1 is any one divalent linking group selected from —CONR—, —NRCO—, —SO2NR—, and —NRSO2—; R in Z1 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or an arylalkyl group having 7 to 20 carbon atoms; Y1 and Y2 are each independently an alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or a single bond, and may be the same or different; r is 1 or 2; m and n are each independently an integer of 0 to 2; and (m+n) is 1 or more.

Abstract: Disclosed is a cyanine compound represented by general formula (I) below. Also disclosed are an optical filter using the compound and an optical recording material.

Abstract: A dye-sensitized solar cell and a method for making the same allow for greatly broadening the light absorption wavelength range without using a metal complex dye, thereby achieving excellent photovoltaic characteristics. The dye-sensitized solar cell includes a photoelectrode having a substrate, a transparent conductive layer on the substrate, and a metal oxide porous layer containing metal oxide particles on the transparent conductive layer. The metal oxide porous layer has sensitizing dyes adsorbed thereon. The sensitizing dyes include an organic cyanine dye and an indoline dye having an indoline structure. The organic cyanine dye and the indoline dye are supported by the metal oxide porous layer in a plurality of levels such that the organic cyanine dye is present in a higher concentration than the indoline dye on the surface of the metal oxide particles.

Abstract: A photoelectric conversion device that includes a work electrode, an opposed electrode, and an electrolyte-containing layer. In the work electrode, a metal oxide semiconductor layer supporting a dye is provided. The dye contains a cyanine compound that has a methine chain, an indolenine skeleton bonded with both ends of the methine chain, and anchor groups introduced to a nitrogen atom included in the indolenine skeleton. Electron injection efficiency to the metal oxide semiconductor layer is improved, and the dye is hardly exfoliated from the metal oxide semiconductor layer.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a behavior estimation apparatus includes a storage unit, a first calculation unit, a second calculation unit, and an estimation unit. The storage unit stores first data collecting power values consumed by a consumer in a period. The first calculation unit calculates second data representing a frequency of each power value by using the first data. The second calculation unit calculates a first threshold to divide a first power value from a second power value which is larger than and next to the first power value, among power values corresponding to maximal values of frequencies included in the second data. The estimation unit obtains a power value consumed by the consumer in an estimating period, and estimates the consumer's behavior status in the estimating period by using the power value and the first threshold.

Abstract: A photoelectric conversion device capable of improving conversion efficiency is provided. The photoelectric conversion device includes a work electrode, a counter electrode, and an electrolyte-containing layer. In the work electrode, a metal oxide semiconductor layer supporting a dye is provided. The dye contains a cyanine compound. The cyanine compound has heterocyclic skeletons containing indolenine skeletons bonded with both ends of a methine chain, an anchor group introduced to a nitrogen atom contained in the indolenine skeletons, and a phenanthrene skeleton contained in one of the heterocyclic skeletons. In the case where light enters the dye, electron injection efficiency to the metal oxide semiconductor layer is improved.

Abstract: A photoelectric conversion device capable of improving conversion efficiency is provided. The photoelectric conversion device includes a work electrode, an opposed electrode, and an electrolyte-containing layer. In the work electrode, a metal oxide semiconductor layer supporting a dye is provided. The dye contains a cyanine compound that has a methine chain, an indolenine skeleton bonded with both ends of the methine chain, and anchor groups introduced to a nitrogen atom included in the indolenine skeleton. Electron injection efficiency to the metal oxide semiconductor layer is improved, and the dye is hardly exfoliated from the metal oxide semiconductor layer.

Abstract: A novel indolium compound of general formula (I) and an optical recording material containing the indolium compound. In formula (I), ring A is a benzene ring, etc.; ring B is a 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic ring; R1 is a group of general formula (II), etc.; R2 is an organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, etc.; Y1 is an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, etc.; Z1 and Z2 are each, e.g., an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms optionally substituted with a halogen atom and optionally interrupted by —O—, etc.; a is an integer of 0 to 6; b is an integer of 0 to 5; Anq? is a q-valent anion; q is 1 or 2; and p is a number necessary to neutralize an electric charge.

Abstract: A dye-sensitized solar cell including a working electrode having a photocatalytic film, a counter electrode, and an electrolyte-containing layer or solid charge-transfer layer containing a basic compound, wherein the photocatalytic film includes an oxide semiconductor layer containing a dye compound represented by the following formula (1), wherein Y is an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms and having —CO—NR4— or —SO2—NR4— in the group, or a direct bond, Z is a conjugated group, R1, R2, and R3 each represent an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group or an optionally substituted hydrocarbonoxy group, at least one of R1, R2, and R3 is an optionally substituted hydrocarbonoxy group, and R4 represents a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A collecting unit collects detection information of human bodies present in plural rooms. The calculating unit calculates movement probabilities at which at least one of individual persons moves from one of two rooms to the other and from the other room to the one room, based on a time difference between human body detections for two rooms and a parameter depending on a movement distance between the two rooms. An updating unit calculates, for each of the rooms, first and second movement probabilities of each of the individual persons, each being a movement probability from the room to each of the other rooms and being a movement probability from each of the other rooms to the room, and updates the in-room probability of each of the individual persons for each of the rooms based on the first and second movement probabilities.

Abstract: A photoelectric conversion element includes a working electrode having a dye-supported metal oxide electrode in which a dye is supported on a metal oxide layer, a compound having a structure represented by the following general formula (1): is used as the dye. wherein R1 to R4 are each independently a linear alkyl group having 4 to 20 carbon atoms and may be the same or different; A1 and A2 are each any one selected from the following aromatic ring group A (a pyrrole ring in the formula (1) is represented by an arc a to show a condensation position with the pyrrole ring), may be the same or different, and may have a substituent in an aromatic ring; Anp- is a p-valent anion; p is 1 or 2; and q is a coefficient for keeping a charge of the entire dye neutral.

Abstract: Disclosed is a p-type organic semiconductive material that is easy to produce and that has a high planarity in its polymer skeleton, and also provides a photoelectric conversion material, a photoelectric conversion layer, a photoelectric conversion element, and an organic thin film solar cell each having high photoelectric conversion efficiency and using the p-type organic semiconductive material. Specifically, the invention provides a bibenzo[b]furan compound having at least one constitutional unit represented by the following formula (1) or (2), as well as a photoelectric conversion material, a photoelectric conversion layer, a photoelectric conversion element, and an organic thin film solar cell each using that compound for a p-type organic semiconductive material.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a behavior estimation apparatus includes a storage unit, a first calculation unit, a second calculation unit, and an estimation unit. The storage unit stores first data collecting power values consumed by a consumer in a period. The first calculation unit calculates second data representing a frequency of each power value by using the first data. The second calculation unit calculates a first threshold to divide a first power value from a second power value which is larger than and next to the first power value, among power values corresponding to maximal values of frequencies included in the second data. The estimation unit obtains a power value consumed by the consumer in an estimating period, and estimates the consumer's behavior status in the estimating period by using the power value and the first threshold.

Abstract: Disclosed is a novel compound represented by formula (1) below. In the formula, A represents an optionally substituted aromatic hydrocarbon ring or aromatic heterocyclic group, B represents a group including a chain of one to four pieces of one or more groups selected from groups represented by specific formulae (B-1) to (B-13) (such as —C?C— or —N?N—, specifically see the description), R1 to R3 each represent an optionally substituted hydrocarbon or hydrocarbonoxy group, at least one of R1 to R3 represents an optionally substituted hydrocarbonoxy group, R4 and R5 each represent an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group, R4 and R5 may be linked together to form a ring, and R4 and R5 may be each independently linked with A to form a ring.