Abstract: A method for manufacturing a retardation film having a suitable retardation using a film casting method but without requiring any special heat-treating process. The post-drying process in the film casting method is divided into three or more chambers, and the tension applied to the film is controlled under the condition that the tension does not exceed a yield value determined based on the amount of solvent content and the temperature of the film in each of the chambers, so that stretch of the film is carried out under the above condition and, if necessary, under the condition that the solvent content is not more than 10%.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for manufacturing a highly reliable semiconductor device without waste by incorporating predetermined functions into a wafer in a wafer completion process, aging the wafer in a wafer aging process, distinguishing between non-defective and defective chips in a probe inspection process, separating chips in the wafer one by one in a dicing process, sorting out the chips into non-defective and defective chips in a selection process, then analyzing failure information and feeding back the result of the analysis to the wafer completion process in a feedback process, thereby quickly analyzing and repairing a failure process on reliability in the wafer completion process.

Abstract: A double side coating method in which immediately after a first coating is carried out for the first side of a web, the first side of the web is supported in a non-contact manner, and a second coating is carried out for the second side of the web. Immediately before the second coating is carried out, the second side of the web is charged in unipolarity by corona discharges induced by a high voltage generating unit with an electrode.

Abstract: A magnetic head supporting device includes a support member for supporting a magnetic head in opposed relationship to a magnetic disk. The support member is formed with an outer peripheral projection to define a recess inside thereof. When the magnetic disk is rotated in proximity to the recess, there is generated a partial vacuum in a space defined between the magnetic disk and the recess to suck the magnetic disk into the recess. A surface of the outer peripheral projection of the support member facing the magnetic disk has a predetermined surface roughness permitting communication of air between inside and outside of the recess and permitting suction of the magnetic disk into the recess due to the partial vacuum during rotation of the magnetic disk at a high speed. With this setting of the surface roughness, the occurrence of dewing and adherence of the disk to the support member can be prevented.

Abstract: A bipolar transistor for clamping an excess input potential is provided near an input pad. A signal from the input pad is supplied through a wire to the gate of a MOS transistor in the input stage. A diode is provided near the gate of the MOS transistor. The diode absorbs a potential oscillation generated in the wire near the gate of the transistor, which is due to action of an inductance involved in the wire.

Abstract: A converter pressure control device for use in a converter waste gas disposing device wherein a calculator determines the difference between the pressure in a converter and atmospheric pressure and sets an operating parameter according to the detected difference. A pressure controller generates a control signal in accordance with the operating parameter and the difference in converter pressure and a predetermined value. The control signal is used to operate a damper to control the flow of waste gas through the converter.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for directly observing the slag-foaming conditions in a vessel interior.A device for observing the vessel interior light is disposed in a throughhole extending through the side wall of a top-blowing or top- and bottom-blowing converter to reach the vessel interior. The converter operation can be carried out at a high accuracy on the basis of this observation.

Abstract: The exhaust-gas treatment system of a sealed-type steel converter is operated at the time of an emergency during blowing by a method which comprises stopping the blowing of oxygen, opening an emergency air suction device connected to the hood while, at the same time, maintaining a converter controlling damper at its degree of opening at the time of stopping of the blowing, disconnecting the skirt of the hood from the converter mouth, and opening the damper to a specific degree of opening. By this simple method, sudden and great pressure drops within the converter are prevented, whereby CO gas of high purity can be efficiently recovered without the occurrence of damage to parts of the system due to abrupt pressure difference and explosion of CO gas.

Abstract: A method for operating a converter on the basis of a direct observation of the slag-forming conditions in a vessel interior.A device for observing the vessel-interior light is disposed in a throughhole extending through the side wall of a top-blowing or top- and bottom-blowing converter to reach the vessel interior. The converter operation can be carried out at a high accuracy of the slag-amount control on the basis of this observation.

Abstract: A slide bead coating method and apparatus for applying a coating solution onto an advancing web includes an air compressed chamber for keeping a lower side of a solution bead in a pressure-applied condition to produce a difference in pressure between the upper side and the lower side of the solution bead to stabilize the bead. A coating solution which has a low viscosity and good wetting properties can thus be applied onto the web at high speeds and in a thin layer form, and a so-called bead-dropping phenomenon is avoided. Therefore, the preparation of a layer for photo-sensitive materials is facilitated.

Abstract: An oxygen blow steelmaking furnace comprises a device for supplying materials for blowing into the furnace, a plurality of sensing devices, and a computer control device. The supplying device supplies into the furnace oxygen and fluxes from above and, as occasion demands, at least one of oxygen, carbon dioxide and inert gas from below. The sensing devices individually respond to different properties that represent the blowing condition. The computer control device sets a program for the blow based on the charging and blowing-out conditions, responds to the sensing devices, and outputs the operating instructions to the supplying device.

Abstract: A method for recovering unburnt exhaust gases in an oxygen converter, characterized by the control of an exhaust gas damper by a control signal obtained by signal-processing, in accordance with the set functional formulae, an exhaust gas damper control signal obtained from a pressure differential between throat pressure and atmospheric pressure, and an exhaust gas damper prediction control signal obtained by continuously detecting the quantity of oxygen fed, the quantity of secondary raw material charged, the composition of exhaust gases and the flow rate of exhaust gases to calculate the quantity of furnace generated gases and the quantity of combustion exhaust gases at throat.

Abstract: A method for recovering unburnt exhaust gases in an oxygen converter, is described, which involves the control of an exhaust gas damper by means of a control signal obtained by signal-processing, in accordance with set functional formulae, an exhaust gas damper control signal obtained from the pressure differential between the converter throat pressure and atmospheric pressure, and an exhaust gas damper prediction control signal obtained by continuously detecting the quantities of oxygen fed and of secondary raw material charged, as well as the composition of the exhaust gases and the flow rate of exhaust gases. With this signal processing the quantity of furnace generated gases and the quantity of combustion exhaust gases at the converter throat are calculated and the degree of optimum aperture of the converter damper is controlled.

Abstract: Apparatus for dehydrating air to be supplied to a blast furnace comprising a dehydration assembly wherein intake air is dehydrated by contact with a circulating hygroscopic liquid and a regeneration assembly wherein the liquid is regenerated by contact with air under heating with steam, characterized in that a cylinder through which a part of the circulating liquid is caused to flow is provided for comparing the pressure of the liquid with a reference liquid to detect the concentration of the circulating liquid, the regeneration assembly is divided into a plurality of independently operable units each having regeneration means, means for controlling the steam flow rate according to the detected concentration, means for controlling the liquid flow rate according to the detected concentration, and at least one heat exchanger for transferring sensible heat between at least one fluid entering said regeneration means and at least one fluid leaving said regeneration means.

Abstract: A method of controlling the temperature of molten steel and the carbon content in an oxygen converter comprising the steps of, making measurements by the use of a detecting probe at the suitable time in the midst of the blowing; measuring the actual value at that time as the starting point for the thereafter operation of prediction; using the amount of slag accumulated oxygen as a principal parameter for operation of the prediction, and combining the third feature stated above with the second feature stated above for obtaining the predicted value with higher accuracy.

Abstract: Arrangement for preparing dry hot compressed air to be supplied to blast furnace, wherein a heat exchanger and a dehydrater assembly comprising a gas permeable regenerative moisture absorbing rotor are arranged in the air passage from blower to hot air furnaces so that the hot compressed air from the blower may be used to heat the dehydrated air and to regenerate the rotor. Air leakage between regenerating and dehydrating zones in the dehydrater is prevented by sealing those clearances where otherwise such leakage would occur by packing elements to form sealed spaces and externally introducing dry pressurized air into each of said spaces.

Abstract: Assembly for dehydrating atmospheric air at the input side of a blower for supplying air to a blast furnace comprising at least one gas permeable rotor containing a regenerative moisture absorbent wherein a hot combustion gas obtained by burning a waste gas from the blast furnace is utilized for regenerating the absorbent and wherein means for regulating the relative humidity of the moist air to be dehydrated, which does not need any external heat source, is provided to avoid deliquescence of the absorbent. The rotor preferably comprises a layer containing the absorbent and a layer of an adsorbent capable of adsorbing impurities contained in the air.