Abstract: A method generates constant modulus multi-dimensional modulations for coherent optical communications by first projecting points in a constellation of the code onto a Poincare sphere or its higher-dimensional hyper-sphere. By using meta-heuristic procedures, nonlinear programming and gradient search methods, constellation points in the hyper-sphere are optimized in certain criteria, such as maximizing the minimum Euclidean distance, minimizing the union bound, minimizing the bit-error rate, minimizing the required signal-to-noise ratio, maximizing the nonlinear fiber reach, maximizing the phase noise tolerance, and maximizing the mutual information. Some methods use parametric unitary space-time block codes such as Grassmannian packing, and filter impulse response as well as unitary rotation over adjacent code blocks to generate near-constant modulus waveform, not only at the symbol timing, but also over the entire time.

Abstract: A method modulates data for optical communication by first encoding the data using a forward error correction (FEC) encoder to produce encoded data, which are encoded using a block encoder to produce block encoded data such that Lee distances between code words that represent the block encoded data are increased. The block encoded data are mapped to produce mapped data such that Euclidian distances between the constellation points are increased. Then, the mapped data are modulated in a transmitter to a modulated signal for an optical channel.

Abstract: A method for transmitting data over an optical super-channel partitions the data unequally into a set of data streams for transmission over the set of sub-channels of the super-channel, such that a size of a first data stream for transmission over a first sub-channel is different than a size of a second data stream of the data for transmission over a second sub-channel. The method encodes each data stream of the data with an error correction code (ECC) having different ECC rates to produce a set of encoded data streams and transmits concurrently the set of encoded data streams over the set of sub-channels of the super-channel. Accordingly, the method uses an adaptive ECC for optical super-channels, such that a first ECC rate for encoding the first data stream is different than a second ECC rate for encoding the second data stream.

Abstract: A method decodes an optical signal transmitted over an optical channel from a transmitter to a receiver. The receiver receives the transmitted optical signal to produce a digital signal including data symbols and pilot symbols, and determines filtering coefficients based on an error between amplitudes of the received pilot symbols and amplitudes of transmitted pilot symbols, while ignoring errors between phases of the received pilot symbols and phases of the transmitted pilot symbols. The amplitudes and the phases of the transmitted pilot symbols are known at the transmitter and the receiver. The receiver filters the digital signal according to the filtering coefficients to produce a filtered signal with equalized amplitude and an unconstrained phase demodulates and decodes the filtered signal to produce an estimate of the transmitted optical signal.

Abstract: An optical manipulator includes a first section for propagating an optical signal with multiple polarization modes including a transverse electric (TE) mode and a transverse magnetic (TM) mode and a second section for propagating separately the TE mode and the TM mode of the optical signal. The optical manipulator also includes a multi-mode interference (MMI) section having a groove with a first refractive index less than a second refractive index of the MMI section. The groove extends along an entire length of the MMI section to partition the MMI section into two connected channels including a first channel and a second channel. The first section is connected to the first channel and the second section is connected to both the first and the second channels.

Abstract: A printing device runs a process that uses resources efficiently and is compatible with configurations having multiple reception units. The printer 11 has a first immediate execution command manager 202 that monitors if an immediate execution command was stored in a first receive buffer 24, and if an immediate execution command was stored, reads and runs the immediate execution command; and a second immediate execution command manager 203 that monitors if an immediate execution command was stored in a second receive buffer 26, and if an immediate execution command was stored, reads and runs the immediate execution command.

Abstract: A method decodes a block of data received over a communication channel. The method determines an initial estimate of bits in the block using a QR decomposition (QRD-M) method decoding the bits in the block sequentially by reducing an accumulated distance between the initial estimate and the bits of the block. Then, the method determines the block using a likelihood ascent (LAS) method that iteratively updates the bits of the block starting from the initial estimate.

Abstract: A system and method provides high-quality video streaming in wireless video communications. The system includes a digital codec, an analog codec, and a power controller. The output of the digital and analog encoders are superposed and transmitted to a receiver employing a digital and analog decoders over a wireless channel. The method uses high-order modulation for digital encoded data, optimal power allocation for digital and analog data, optimal subcarrier assignment to enhance a water-filling gain, and compressive sensing to reduce packet loss during wireless communications. In addition, the system provides an optimal power allocation for multi-view texture and depth information taken by multiple cameras to improve video quality according to channel quality, camera geometry, and a free-viewpoint rendering procedure based on analysis with polynomial fitting.

Abstract: A printer 1 has a media orientation detection means 65 that detects displacement of a medium discharged from a media exit after media conveyance by the conveyance mechanism 63 stops; and a media processing device control unit 100 that controls the automatic paper cutter 60 to cut the media when the media orientation detection means 65 detects displacement of the media, and permits processing the media by the processing unit after controlling the automatic paper cutter 60.

Abstract: In a system of a data processing apparatus coupled to a printer, the apparatus sends a status information transmission request to the printer and, in response, receives status information from the printer. The status information includes ink storage identification information written in a memory contained in an ink storage, device identification information identifying the printer in which the ink storage is installed, and ink usage amount information for use by the printer in calculating a remaining ink amount.

Abstract: The embodiments of the invention provide methods to deal with problems of cycle slips, angular skew, and residual phase noise for high-speed optical communications employing any arbitrary high-order multi-dimensional modulation formats. The embodiments use a slip process analyzer, a skew angle estimator, and a phase noise variance estimator to provide feedforward soft-decision information of a carrier phase recovery (CPE) for more accurate likelihood calculation based on a high-order hidden Markov model (HMM). The log-likelihood calculation can be done jointly in dual polarization with joint Markov state transition. Some embodiments use a kernel filter or a particle filter for log-likelihood calculation.

Abstract: An optical manipulator includes a first section for propagating an optical signal with multiple polarization modes including a transverse electric (TE) mode and a transverse magnetic (TM) mode and a second section for propagating separately the TE mode and the TM mode of the optical signal. The optical manipulator also includes a multi-mode interference (MMI) section having a groove with a first refractive index less than a second refractive index of the MMI section. The groove extends along an entire length of the MMI section to partition the MMI section into two connected channels including a first channel and a second channel. The first section is connected to the first channel and the second section is connected to both the first and the second channels.

Abstract: The data are communicated from a transmitter to a receiver in a wireless communications network. Data symbols are modulated using a coded modulation to produce modulated symbols and the modulated symbols are precoded using a precoder matrix to produce precoded symbols. The precoder matrix is formed using a rotation matrix including phase angles for at least some elements of the rotation matrix with values determined according to a parametric function of indices of the elements storing the phase angles. Next, the data packets are formed using the precoded symbols and the data packets are transmitted over the wireless network. Multi-stage parametric phase precoding provides full-diversity and full-rate transmissions by using fast-transformable unitary matrices and deterministic diagonal phase rotation, whose phase angles are pre-determined to minimize the union bound for time-selective and frequency-selective fading channels.

Abstract: A method decodes an optical signal transmitted over an optical channel from a transmitter to a receiver. The receiver receives the transmitted optical signal to produce a digital signal including data symbols and pilot symbols, and determines filtering coefficients based on an error between amplitudes of the received pilot symbols and amplitudes of transmitted pilot symbols, while ignoring errors between phases of the received pilot symbols and phases of the transmitted pilot symbols. The amplitudes and the phases of the transmitted pilot symbols are known at the transmitter and the receiver. The receiver filters the digital signal according to the filtering coefficients to produce a filtered signal with equalized amplitude and an unconstrained phase demodulates and decodes the filtered signal to produce an estimate of the transmitted optical signal.

Abstract: A printer 1 has a processing unit that processes media; an automatic paper cutter 60 that cuts the media; a conveyance mechanism 63 that conveys media in the direction moving to an exit; a media orientation detection means 65 that detects displacement of the media after conveyance by the conveyance mechanism 63 stops; a limiting unit that restricts movement of the media toward the exit after conveyance by the conveyance mechanism 63 stops; and a media processing device control unit 100 that controls cutting the media by the automatic paper cutter 60 when the media orientation detection means 65 detects displacement of the media.

Abstract: The transmission of data from a transmitter to a receiver over an optical super-channel including a set of sub-channels of different frequencies includes partitioning the data into a set of data streams including one data stream for each sub-channel and partitioning each data stream into a set of sub-streams. Each sub-stream of each data stream is encoded with different forward error correction (FEC) codes to produce a set of encoded sub-streams for each data stream, and the set of encoded sub-streams of each data stream are superimposed with different powers to produce a set of encoded data streams. The set of encoded data streams is multiplexed to produce an optical signal transmitted over the set of sub-channels of the optical super-channel.

Abstract: Overwriting information that was correctly written to an IC tag that can communicate wirelessly but is not the IC tag on the medium intended to be processed is prevented so that the wrong information is not stored in the IC tag. When writing write data including uniquely assigned tag ID information to an IC tag ends correctly, the system controller 35 of the media processing device 2 stores information indicating that writing the IC tag was completed. When writing write data to an IC tag, the system controller 35 reads the tag ID information and determines if information matching the read tag ID information is included in the stored tag ID information. If matching information is found, the system controller 35 prohibits writing to the IC tag.

Abstract: In an advanced adaptive modulation and coding (AMC) scheme, the code rate and the parity-check matrix (PCM) for low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes are adapted according to modulation formats and variable-iteration receivers. The degree distribution for the PCM adaptation is designed by heuristic optimization to minimize the required SNR via an extrinsic information transfer (EXIT) trajectory analysis for finite-iteration decoding. The method uses dynamic window decoding by generating spatially coupled PCM for quasi-cyclic LDPC convolutional coding. The method also provides a way to jointly optimize labeling and decoding complexity for high-order and high-dimensional modulations. The problem to use a large number of different LDPC codes for various modulation formats and variable-iteration decoding is also dealt with by linearly dependent PCM adaptation across iteration count to keep using a common generator matrix.

Abstract: In a system of a data processing apparatus coupled to a printer, the apparatus sends a status information transmission request to the printer and, in response, receives status information from the printer. The status information includes ink storage identification information written in a memory contained in an ink storage, device identification information identifying the printer in which the ink storage is installed, and ink usage amount information for use by the printer in calculating a remaining ink amount.

Abstract: A method modulates data for optical communication by first encoding the data using a forward error correction (FEC) encoder to produce encoded data, which are encoded using a block encoder to produce block encoded data such that Lee distances between code words that represent the block encoded data are increased. The block encoded data are mapped to produce mapped data such that Euclidian distances between the constellation points are increased. Then, the mapped data are modulated in a transmitter to a modulated signal for an optical channel.