Abstract: A suspended particle device is realized which enables control of the amount of light transmitted through a prescribed area, without any complicated switching circuit on a substrate. A suspension, containing charged particles and a disperse medium, is filled between an A-substrate and a B-substrate, and first and second electrodes are formed on the A-substrate. A DC voltage is applied across the first and second electrodes, to localize the charged particles on the second electrode side. Subsequently, an AC voltage is applied across the first and second electrodes to orient, while maintaining the localized state of the charged particles, the charged particles along a direction of an electric field. Light transmittance is lower in an area where the charged particles are present than in an area without charged particles, whereas, in the area where the charged particles are present, the light transmittance can be controlled by adjusting the AC voltage.

Abstract: To obtain effective luminance and light efficiency while avoiding discharge, it is necessary to sufficiently increase a current luminous efficiency of gas and an electron emission efficiency of an electron source. In a fluorescent lamp, an anode electric field is increased by setting a pressure of a noble gas or a molecular gas enclosed to 10 kPa or higher, setting an anode voltage to 240 V or lower, and setting a substrate distance to 0.4 mm or smaller. Furthermore, the resulting effect that the current luminous efficiency is increased in proportion to the electric field is used. Also, by applying a MIM electron source having an electron emission efficiency exceeding 10% as an electron source, a non-discharge fluorescent lamp having a light emission luminance equal to or larger than 104 [cd/m2] and a light emission efficiency equal to or larger than 120 [lm/W] is achieved.

Abstract: A suspended particle device which enables light control without requiring any complicated switching circuit to be formed on a substrate is realized. A suspension containing charged particles and a disperse medium is filled between an A-substrate and a B-substrate, and first and second electrodes are formed on the A-substrate. A DC voltage is applied across the first and second electrodes to localize the charged particles on the second electrode side. Subsequently, an AC voltage is applied across the first and second electrodes to orient, while maintaining the localized state of the charged particles, the charged particles along a direction of an electric field. Light transmittance is lower in an area where the charged particles are present than in an area where no charged particles are present, whereas, in the area where the charged particles are present, the light transmittance can be controlled by adjusting the AC voltage.

Abstract: Degradation of an electron emission element by irradiation of the positive ion generated inside a panel is suppressed. A deflection electrode is periodically disposed, and the electron emission region of an electron emission element is disposed so as not to include a center line between adjacent deflection electrodes, so that an electron beam trajectory is deflected and bombardment or irradiation of the generated positive ion to the electron emission region is prevented.

Abstract: As an n-type buffer layer, a material including TiO2 as a base material with addition of one or plurality of ZrO2, HfO2, GeO2, BaTiO3, SrTiO3, CaTiO3, MgTiO3, K(Ta, Nb)O3, and Na(Ta, Nb)O3 for band gap control, a material including BaTiO3 as a base material with addition of one or plurality of SrTiO3, CaTiO3, and MgTiO3 for band gap control, or a material comprising K(Ta, Nb)O3 as a base material with addition of Na(Ta, Nb)O3 for band gap control is used.

Abstract: An image display device for special uses which improves a color resolution of a particular color and increases a color reproducibility is provided. In the image display device, an area in which a gradient is gentle is provided to a partial region of a gamma curve denoted by a relationship of an input value (gray level) and an output value (luminance relative value) so that chromaticity points on chromaticity coordinates are unevenly distributed, thereby improving a chromatic resolving power (color resolution) of a particular color. In this manner, the color reproducibility of special monitors which display images of a particular color range represented by a monitor for remote medical care and a monitor for surgical operation can be improved.

Abstract: By making Nd concentration in the tunneling insulating film 11 smaller than Nd concentration in the base electrode first layer 16, the accumulated electric charge amount in the tunneling insulating film 11 is reduced and afterimage is decreased. By setting a relation between a position of a stack interface of the base electrode 13 and a thickness of an insulating layer properly, the generation of a device defect is prevented.

Abstract: In order to reduce the discharge delay time and increase the image quality in a display device such as a PDP using ultraviolet light emission produced by discharge, there is provided a display device including: a front panel and a rear panel disposed opposite to each other with discharge spaces formed therebetween, and a discharge gas being injected into the discharge spaces; at least a pair of electrodes for performing a display discharge; and phosphor layers emitting visible light by using ultraviolet light emission produced by discharge of the discharge gas. At least one of the compounds represented by the composition formulas Cs(1?x)M1xAl02 (where M1 is the I group element, 0?5x<1) and Cs(1?x)M2xAl(1+x)O(2+2x) (where M2 is the II group element, 0?x<1) is present in any of the components constituting the discharge spaces of the display device.

Abstract: To provide an image display device including a lower electrode, an upper electrode, and an electron acceleration layer composed of an insulator or a semiconductor provided there between, and further including a thin film electron source array that emits electrons from the upper electrode, and a phosphor surface, wherein degradation of an electron emission characteristic caused by an increase of a work function due to an adhesive material to the above-described upper electrode is suppressed. An amount of S content adhering to the upper electrode is set equal to or less than 20 mol % of a total amount of elements used as the upper electrode in terms of elements by using an element belonging to Group VIII or Group Ib or a laminated film or alloy film thereof as a component of the upper electrode of the thin film electron source.

Abstract: To realize a large-sized high resolution image display apparatus using an electron emitter array and a phosphor screen, a signal electrode to be formed on the a substrate is made as a thick film, a concave portion is formed in between two signal electrodes, and a convergence electron lens is formed by a base electrode and an top electrode connected to the signal electrode, and thereby electron beams are converged.

Abstract: Degradation of an electron emission element by irradiation of the positive ion generated inside a panel is suppressed. A deflection electrode is periodically disposed, and the electron emission region of an electron emission element is disposed so as not to include a center line between adjacent deflection electrodes, so that an electron beam trajectory is deflected and bombardment or irradiation of the generated positive ion to the electron emission region is prevented.

Abstract: By making Nd concentration in the tunneling insulating film 11 smaller than Nd concentration in the base electrode first layer 16, the accumulated electric charge amount in the tunneling insulating film 11 is reduced and afterimage is decreased. By setting a relation between a position of a stack interface of the base electrode 13 and a thickness of an insulating layer properly, the generation of a device defect is prevented.

Abstract: An MIM electron source is comprised of a lower electrode, an insulation film and an upper electrode. By depositing a coat film on the upper electrode through a sputter process using a sputter target of alkaline glass having a modifier component of an alkaline metal oxide or alkaline earth metal oxide, the work function of the upper electrode can be lowered. As a result, the electron emission efficiency can be increased stably.

Abstract: An image display device comprising a back-surface substrate (1) having a plurality of first electrodes (8), an insulating film (14), a plurality of second electrodes (9), and an electron source (10); a front-surface substrate (2) having a fluorescent layer (15), and further having an anode for the application of an acceleration voltage; a frame (3) disposed between the front-surface substrate (2) and the back-surface substrate (1); and a sealing member (5) for sealing the frame (3) and the two substrates in an airtight manner in a sealed area (52). The second electrodes (9) cover the insulating film (14) disposed beneath these second electrodes (9) in at least the sealed area (52), and place the sealing member (5) and the insulating film (14) in a non-contact state.

Abstract: The present invention provides an image display device which can lower the resistance of scanning signal lines, can ensure the enhancement of reliability of supply of electricity and conductivity and the reliability of separation of elements, can exhibit excellent display characteristic, and can possess an extremely prolonged lifetime. The scanning signal line has the stacked film structure constituted of a lower layer film formed of an aluminum film and an upper layer film formed of an aluminum alloy film containing aluminum as a main component.

Abstract: There is disclosed a display apparatus using a long-lived MIM electron source that is excellent in grayscale controllability. In a device including an MIM dielectric layer having a film thickness of 9.6 nm, the diode current Id rises exponentially from around 4.8 V together with the voltage. The emission current Ie rises exponentially from 4.7 V. That is, VthIe<VthId or VthIe?VthId. A detailed measurement has shown that the difference between VthIe and VthId is less than 0.3 V.

Abstract: Hillock is prevented when aluminum wiring is used in order to reduce line resistance in a display unit. The aluminum wiring is formed into multi-layer structure and each layer contains an element which is not solidly solubilized with aluminum. The element are preferably rare earth metal such as Nd, high-melting point transition metals such as Ta and noble metals such as Pd. Intermetallic compounds of aluminum and the element are educed at an interface of the multi-layer wiring and it is prevented that grains of aluminum are enlarged to form hillock.

Abstract: The present invention provides an image display device, by which it is possible to prevent dielectric breakdown between a bottom electrode and a top electrode (top electrode bus line), which make up thin-film type electron sources, and which is free of display defect and has longer service life. On a cathode substrate 10, a bottom electrode 11, a tunneling insulator 12, and a top electrode 13 are prepared. On a lower layer of the top electrode 13, a top electrode bus line 16 is formed, and the top electrode 13 is reliably connected to the top electrode bus line 16 via a contact electrode 15. A field insulator 12A, a lower layer 14a of the interlayer insulator deposited by sputtering and an upper layer 14b of the interlayer insulator are laminated between the top electrode 13 and the contact electrode and the bottom electrode 11, and the bottom electrode 11 is insulated from the top electrode 13 (top electrode bus line 16).

Abstract: The present invention aims to form an electron emission film containing an alkali metal compound or the like without causing alkali attack on the metal wiring. An FED display device comprises: an electron source including an electron emission film 13 on the surface thereof; and metal wirings 17, 18 and the like for supplying a signal or the like to the electron source. After forming on the surface of the metal wiring 18 an corrosion resistant film 21 comprising a reactive film or adsorption film with phosphorus, an alkali metal or the like is coated onto or added into the electron emission film 13. The addition of phosphorus is made fewer than the chemical equivalent of the alkali metal salt. Such configuration can improve the electron emission efficiency of the electron source without the metal wiring being corroded by alkali metal or the like.

Abstract: The present invention provides an image display capable of enhancing a production yield. The image display comprises a display device including a first plate which has a plurality of electron-emitter elements each having a structure comprised of a base electrode, an insulating layer and a top electrode stacked on one another in this order, the electron-emitter element emitting electrons from the surface of the top electrode when a voltage of positive polarity is applied to the top electrode; a plurality of first electrodes for respectively applying driving voltages to the base electrodes of the electron-emitter elements lying in a row (or column) direction; and a plurality of second electrodes for respectively applying driving voltages to the top electrodes of the electron-emitter elements lying in the column (or row) direction, a frame component, and a second plate having phosphors, wherein a space surrounded by the first plate, the frame component and the second plate is brought into vacuum.