Abstract: An aqueous dye dispersion for an aqueous ink including a dye derivative as indicated at Formula (1) below; a water-insoluble dye; a dispersant; and water, makes it possible to provide an aqueous dye dispersion for aqueous ink, which reduces flocculation of particles within aqueous ink even when the aqueous ink is prepared, and has satisfactory dispersion stability during storage, thereby providing an aqueous ink having satisfactory dispersion stability during storage.

Abstract: An aqueous dye dispersion for an aqueous ink including a dye derivative as indicated at Formula (1) below; a water-insoluble dye; a dispersant; and water, makes it possible to provide an aqueous dye dispersion for aqueous ink, which reduces flocculation of particles within aqueous ink even when the aqueous ink is prepared, and has satisfactory dispersion stability during storage, thereby providing an aqueous ink having satisfactory dispersion stability during storage. (At Formula (1), R1 is a group as indicated at Formula (2), below, and R2 is a group as indicated at Formula (3), below. m and n are each 0 or 1 but m+n=1. R3 is at least one species selected from among a hydroxyl group and an amino group. l is 0 to 2; when l=2, R3 may respectively be the same or different.) (At Formula (3), R4 is a phenylene group or an alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbons; R5 and R6 are independently selected alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbons.

Abstract: A tin electrolytic plating solution comprises a suitably selected nonionic surfactant having a branched alkyl group. The nonionic surfactant is contained either alone, or with a suitably selected cationic surfactant and/or a suitably selected alkyl imidazole. The invention also provides a tin electrolytic plating method using such a tin electrolytic plating solution, and a tin electroplated electronic part obtained by such a method.

Abstract: A tin electrolytic plating solution comprises a suitably selected nonionic surfactant having a branched alkyl group. The nonionic surfactant is contained either alone, or with a suitably selected cationic surfactant and/or a suitably selected alkyl imidazole. The invention also provides a tin electrolytic plating method using such a tin electrolytic plating solution, and a tin electroplated electronic part obtained by such a method.

Abstract: A front end portion 100 is disposed on the front end of a car body. The floor thereof consists of extruded hollow members 210 that constitute a shock absorber 200. The shock absorber 200 is divided into an upper shock absorber 200 and a lower shock absorber 200. Annealed extruded hollow members are used to form the hollow member 210. The hollow members 210 are disposed so that their direction of extrusion corresponds to the longitudinal direction of the car body. The hollow members 210 are divided longitudinally into two portions by a plate 220. At the width-direction ends of member 210, the face plates 211 and 212 are welded onto plates 223-226. Upon receiving impact load, members 210 fold up into concertinas, absorbing the impact force. Since members 210 are separated by a plate, they deform evenly and continuously into concertinas instead of being bent in half, capable of absorbing a large energy.

Abstract: A front end portion 100 is disposed on the front end of a car body. The floor thereof consists of extruded hollow members 210 that constitute a shock absorber 200. The shock absorber 200 is divided into an upper shock absorber 200 and a lower shock absorber 200. Annealed extruded hollow members are used to form the hollow member 210. The hollow members 210 are disposed so that their direction of extrusion corresponds to the longitudinal direction of the car body. The hollow members 210 are divided longitudinally into two portions by a plate 220. At the width-direction ends of member 210, the face plates 211 and 212 are welded onto plates 223-226. Upon receiving impact load, members 210 fold up into concertinas, absorbing the impact force. Since members 210 are separated by a plate, they deform evenly and continuously into concertinas instead of being bent in half, capable of absorbing a large energy.

Abstract: Upon forming a railway car composed of plural hollow shape members 40, annealed hollow shape members are used to form the ends of an underframe 30. The hollow shape members 40 are disposed so that their longitudinal orientation equals the longitudinal direction of the car body. The underframe 30 is formed by disposing plural hollow shape members 40 adjacent one another in the width direction and welding them together by friction stir welding. When the hollow shape members receive impact load, the ends of the members deform into concertinas, thereby absorbing the impact force. At this time, the friction stir welded portions also receive the impact force, but cracks are not created at the friction-stir-weld joints, and the weld joints do not prevent the hollow shape members from deforming into concertinas.

Abstract: A front end portion 100 is disposed on the front end of a car body. The floor thereof consists of extruded hollow members 210 that constitute a shock absorber 200. The shock absorber 200 is divided into an upper shock absorber 200 and a lower shock absorber 200. Annealed extruded hollow members are used to form the hollow member 210. The hollow members 210 are disposed so that their direction of extrusion corresponds to the longitudinal direction of the car body. The hollow members 210 are divided longitudinally into two portions by a plate 220. At the width-direction ends of member 210, the face plates 211 and 212 are welded onto plates 223-226. Upon receiving impact load, members 210 fold up into concertinas, absorbing the impact force. Since members 210 are separated by a plate, they deform evenly and continuously into concertinas instead of being bent in half, capable of absorbing a large energy.

Abstract: A front end portion 100 is disposed on the front end of a car body. The floor thereof consists of extruded hollow members 210 that constitute a shock absorber 200. The shock absorber 200 is divided into an upper shock absorber 200 and a lower shock absorber 200. Annealed extruded hollow members are used to form the hollow member 210. The hollow members 210 are disposed so that their direction of extrusion corresponds to the longitudinal direction of the car body. The hollow members 210 are divided longitudinally into two portions by a plate 220. At the width-direction ends of member 210, the face plates 211 and 212 are welded onto plates 223-226. Upon receiving impact load, members 210 fold up into concertinas, absorbing the impact force. Since members 210 are separated by a plate, they deform evenly and continuously into concertinas instead of being bent in half, capable of absorbing a large energy.

Abstract: End portions of face plates 21 and 22 of a hollow extruded frame member 20 are connected with a rib 24 and these end portions are welded to end portions of face plates 11 and 12 of a hollow extruded frame member 10 using friction stir welding. A visible outline of a connection portion of the end portion of the face plate 21 and the rib 24 is constituted by circular arcs 31 and 32 which are recessed in the hollow extruded frame member 20. A visible outline of a connection portion of the end portion of the face plate 22 and the rib 24 is constituted by circular arcs 33 and 34 which are recessed in the hollow extruded frame member 20. The diameter of the circular arc 31 (33) is smaller than the diameter of the circular arc 32 (34). Accordingly, a structural body having a light weight structure can be obtained.

Abstract: The present invention aims to provide a joint figuration inhibiting decrease in strength resulting from welding at the joint region, in a case where hollow-shaped material is friction stir welded. A face plate 101 (111) between a rib 105 (115) at the end portion of a hollow-shaped material 100 (110) and a rib 103 (113) has a thickness t2 (t5) at the rib 105 (115) side and ti at the rib 103 (113) side. The thickness t2 (t5) is thicker than ti. The thickness between the two is changed smoothly. The thickness of the plate thickness t2 (t5) is provided by projecting towards the other face plate side.

Abstract: A car body, in which a hollow shape stock composed of two face plates and ribs joining the face plates together is used to form a side body, and stresses are reduced while minimizing an increase in mass. A car body, comprising a hollow shape stock composed of two face plates (31, 31) and ribs (32) joining the face plates together and used to form a side body (11), wherein face plate portions (31c, 31d) in regions (B, D) above and below connection points (c) between circular arcs, which constitute corner portions of a window (15), and vertical sides of the window (15) are greater in thickness than in the remaining regions (A, C, E). Stresses are most heavily concentrated in the regions (B, D). Therefore, it is possible to achieve reduction in mass and enhancement in strength together. Further, buckling preventive tools can be arranged in spaces in the regions (B, D) of the hollow shape stock.

Abstract: Upon forming a railway car composed of plural hollow shape members 40, annealed hollow shape members are used to form the ends of an underframe 30. The hollow shape members 40 are disposed so that their longitudinal orientation equals the longitudinal direction of the car body. The underframe 30 is formed by disposing plural hollow shape members 40 adjacent one another in the width direction and welding them together by friction stir welding. When the hollow shape members receive impact load, the ends of the members deform into concertinas, thereby absorbing the impact force. At this time, the friction stir welded portions also receive the impact force, but cracks are not created at the friction-stir-weld joints, and the weld joints do not prevent the hollow shape members from deforming into concertinas.

Abstract: A car body, in which a hollow shape stock composed of two face plates and ribs joining the face plates together is used to form a side body, and stresses are reduced while minimizing an increase in mass. A car body, comprising a hollow shape stock composed of two face plates (31, 31) and ribs (32) joining the face plates together and used to form a side body (11), wherein face plate portions (31c, 31d) in regions (B, D) above and below connection points (c) between circular arcs, which constitute corner portions of a window (15), and vertical sides of the window (15) are greater in thickness than in the remaining regions (A, C, E). Stresses are most heavily concentrated in the regions (B, D). Therefore, it is possible to achieve reduction in mass and enhancement in strength together. Further, buckling preventive tools can be arranged in spaces in the regions (B, D) of the hollow shape stock.

Abstract: A hollow frame member is constituted by joining with a truss shape by ribs 13, 13A, 13B (23, 23A, 23B) between two face plates 11, 12 (21, 22). An end portion of one of the hollow frame member 10 is connected according to the rib 13A for constituting the truss. A face plate 21 of another hollow frame member 20 is joined at a vicinity of an apex of the truss of the hollow frame member 10. A face plate of the hollow frame member 10 is joined at a vicinity of an apex of the truss of the another hollow frame member 20. A load during a friction stir joining is received according to the ribs 13A, 13B (13A, 23B). Since the truss structure is formed totally, the light weight structure and the high rigidity performance can be obtained.

Abstract: On an outer periphery of a link 30 for connecting a member car body 20 and a bogie car frame 11, vessel is provided and 42 into which particle shaped members 41 are inserted. A rotation vibration generated from a drive system of a running electric motor 14, a transmission apparatus and a shaft coupling is transmitted to the link 30. The vibration energy generated at link 30 is converted to the kinetic energy in response to the collision of the particle-shaped members 41 contained in the vessel 42 so that the vibration at the link 30 is reduced. Accordingly, the propagation of the vibration to a car body can be restrained. The particle-shaped members 41 can be inserted into a cylindrical portion 31 of the link 30. Further, the particle-shaped members 41 can be inserted movably into a column 32. In a railway vehicle having a bogie car, the vibration caused by the unbalance of the drive system can be restrained and the noise in a car accompanied with the vibration can be reduced.

Abstract: A car body, in which a hollow shape stock composed of two face plates and ribs joining the face plates together is used to form a side body, and stresses are reduced while minimizing an increase in mass. A car body, comprising a hollow shape stock composed of two face plates (31, 31) and ribs (32) joining the face plates together and used to form a side body (11), wherein face plate portions (31c, 31d) in regions (B, D) above and below connection points (c) between circular arcs, which constitute corner portions of a window (15), and vertical sides of the window (15) are greater in thickness than in the remaining regions (A, C, E). Stresses are most heavily concentrated in the regions (B, D). Therefore, it is possible to achieve reduction in mass and enhancement in strength together. Further, buckling preventive tools can be arranged in spaces in the regions (B, D) of the hollow shape stock.

Abstract: A traction link of a bogie frame is connected to a connection member which extends down from a car body. In an interior portion of the connection member, a large number of particle-shaped members are accommodated. The rotation vibrations which are generated from a system drive of a running electric motor, a reduction gear unit and a shaft coupling are transmitted to the connection member and the car body through the traction link. The vibration energy generated in the connection member is converted to kinetic energy in the particle-shaped members by collisions between the particle-shaped members inside the connection member and, so that the vibrations in the connection member can be reduced. Accordingly, the propagation of the vibrations to the car body can be restrained. In a railway vehicle bogie car, the vibrations which are generated by an unbalance of the drive system can be restrained, and the noise inside the car produced by the vibrations can be reduced.

Abstract: The present invention aims to provide a joint figuration inhibiting decrease in strength resulting from welding at the joint region, in a case where hollow-shaped material is friction stir welded.

Abstract: A low noise current collector 20 having excellent controllability and response, and a high speed railway train using such current collectors. The current collector 20 includes an aerodynamically shaped current collector head 22, a driving cylinder 32 to move the current collecting head, a supporting insulator 30, and a cable head 50 supporting a conductor 53 for conducting current from current collecting head 22 to a load. The current collector 20 is controlled by a cylinder 7 for raising and lowering so that the current collector may be contained in a dome 4 when it is in use. A multi-car train has four current collectors, two toward each end, and each current collector has its front side directed toward the center of the train. The two current collectors at the rear of the train are utilized, while the two at the front are contained within their domes 4. Therefore, the train can run in either direction, utilizing the appropriate pair of current collectors.