Abstract: A power amplifier linearization circuit and related apparatus is provided. In examples disclosed herein, the power amplifier linearization circuit includes an analog pre-distortion (APD) circuit coupled to an input of a power amplifier. Notably, the power amplifier can exhibit linearity response deviation, namely linearity amplitude response deviation and linearity phase response deviation, when amplifying a radio frequency (RF) signal under a compression condition. As such, the APD circuit is configured to receive a control signal corresponding to the linearity response deviation and pre-process the RF signal based on the control signal before providing the RF signal to the power amplifier. As a result, it may be possible to reduce the linearity response deviation in the power amplifier, thus helping to improve linearity and RF performance of the power amplifier.

Abstract: A three-dimensional (3-D) inductor is incorporated in a substrate. The 3-D inductor has a first connector plate, a second connector plate, a third connector plate, a first terminal plate, and a second terminal plate. Four multi-via walls connect the various plates, wherein each multi-via wall includes a first group of at least three individual via columns, each of which connects two plates together.

Abstract: A power amplifier linearization circuit and related apparatus is provided. In examples disclosed herein, the power amplifier linearization circuit includes an analog pre-distortion (APD) circuit coupled to an input of a power amplifier. Notably, the power amplifier can exhibit linearity response deviation, namely linearity amplitude response deviation and linearity phase response deviation, when amplifying a radio frequency (RF) signal under a compression condition. As such, the APD circuit is configured to receive a control signal corresponding to the linearity response deviation and pre-process the RF signal based on the control signal before providing the RF signal to the power amplifier. As a result, it may be possible to reduce the linearity response deviation in the power amplifier, thus helping to improve linearity and RF performance of the power amplifier.

Abstract: A power amplifier system having a power amplifier with a signal input and a signal output and bias circuitry is disclosed. The bias circuitry includes a bandgap reference circuit coupled between a reference node and a fixed voltage node. A bias generator has a bias input coupled to the reference node and a bias output coupled to the signal input. Also included is a first digital-to-analog converter having a first converter output coupled to the reference node, a first voltage input, and a first digital input, wherein the first digital-to-analog converter is configured to adjust a reference voltage at the reference node in response to a first digital setting received at the first digital input. The first digital setting correlates with an indication of temperature of the power amplifier.

Abstract: A power amplifier system having a power amplifier with a signal input and a signal output and bias circuitry is disclosed. The bias circuitry includes a bandgap reference circuit coupled between a reference node and a fixed voltage node. A bias generator has a bias input coupled to the reference node and a bias output coupled to the signal input. Also included is a first digital-to-analog converter having a first converter output coupled to the reference node, a first voltage input, and a first digital input, wherein the first digital-to-analog converter is configured to adjust a reference voltage at the reference node in response to a first digital setting received at the first digital input. The first digital setting correlates with an indication of temperature of the power amplifier.

Abstract: A broadband power amplifier circuit is provided. The broadband power amplifier circuit includes an amplifier circuit configured to amplify a radio frequency (RF) signal to an output power based on a bias voltage and a supply voltage. Given that the output power of the RF signal may rise and fall from time to time, the broadband power amplifier circuit is configured to opportunistically increase or decrease the bias voltage in a defined future time (e.g., a future time slot or a future symbol duration) based on the output power in the defined future time. When necessary, the broadband power amplifier may be further configured to adjust the supply voltage and/or attenuate the RF signal based on the output power. As such, it may be possible to maintain class-A operation mode for the amplifier circuit. As a result, the amplifier circuit may maintain linearity and avoid memory effect with improved efficiency.

Abstract: A broadband power amplifier circuit is provided. The broadband power amplifier circuit includes an amplifier circuit configured to amplify a radio frequency (RF) signal to an output power based on a bias voltage and a supply voltage. Given that the output power of the RF signal may rise and fall from time to time, the broadband power amplifier circuit is configured to opportunistically increase or decrease the bias voltage in a defined future time (e.g., a future time slot or a future symbol duration) based on the output power in the defined future time. When necessary, the broadband power amplifier may be further configured to adjust the supply voltage and/or attenuate the RF signal based on the output power. As such, it may be possible to maintain class-A operation mode for the amplifier circuit. As a result, the amplifier circuit may maintain linearity and avoid memory effect with improved efficiency.

Abstract: Embodiments of the disclosure relate to a low noise amplifier (LNA) circuit. The LNA circuit includes an LNA configured to amplify a radio frequency (RF) input signal to generate an RF output signal. The LNA may be inherently nonlinear and, as a result, can create a harmonic distortion(s), such as second harmonic distortion (HD2), and/or an intermodulation distortion(s), such as second order intermodulation distortion (IMD2), in the RF output signal. In exemplary aspects discussed herein, a distortion amplifier(s) is provided in the LNA circuit to generate a distortion signal(s) to suppress the harmonic distortion(s) and/or the intermodulation distortion(s) in the RF output signal.

Abstract: Embodiments of the disclosure relate to a low noise amplifier (LNA) circuit. The LNA circuit includes an LNA configured to amplify a radio frequency (RF) input signal to generate an RF output signal. The LNA may be inherently nonlinear and, as a result, can create a harmonic distortion(s), such as second harmonic distortion (HD2), and/or an intermodulation distortion(s), such as second order intermodulation distortion (IMD2), in the RF output signal. In exemplary aspects discussed herein, a distortion amplifier(s) is provided in the LNA circuit to generate a distortion signal(s) to suppress the harmonic distortion(s) and/or the intermodulation distortion(s) in the RF output signal.

Abstract: Radio frequency (RF) transmission line transformers are disclosed. Unlike conventional transformers that employ magnetic cores that transmit energy from input to output through magnetic flux linkages, the embodiments of the RF transmission line transformer disclosed herein transfer energy by configuring transformer coils as balanced transmission lines. More specifically, the RF transmission line transformers have a primary transformer coil that forms at least one primary winding and a secondary transformer coil that forms at least a pair of secondary windings. The primary winding of the primary transformer coil is disposed between the pair of secondary windings so that the primary winding forms a different balanced transmission line with each one of the pair of secondary windings. This results in greater bandwidth and higher transformer power efficiency (TPE) at RF frequencies.

Abstract: A three-dimensional (3-D) inductor is incorporated in a substrate. The 3-D inductor has a first connector plate, a second connector plate, a third connector plate, a first terminal plate, and a second terminal plate. Four multi-via walls connect the various plates, wherein each multi-via wall includes a first group of at least three individual via columns, each of which connects two plates together.

Abstract: This invention provides a hard capsule that has excellent stability even when filled with a solvent for dissolving poorly soluble drugs, and that also achieves reduction in disintegration time, thereby ensuring excellent solubility. Specifically, the hard capsule of the present invention has a film comprising: (A) a polymer or copolymer obtained by polymerizing or copolymerizing, in the presence of polyvinyl alcohol and/or a derivative thereof, at least one polymerizable vinyl monomer represented by Formula (1): H2C?C(R1)—COOR2??(1) wherein R1 represents hydrogen or methyl, and R2 represents hydrogen or alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; and (B) native gellan gum.

Abstract: Radio frequency (RF) transmission line transformers are disclosed. Unlike conventional transformers that employ magnetic cores that transmit energy from input to output through magnetic flux linkages, the embodiments of the RF transmission line transformer disclosed herein transfer energy by configuring transformer coils as balanced transmission lines. More specifically, the RF transmission line transformers have a primary transformer coil that forms at least one primary winding and a secondary transformer coil that forms at least a pair of secondary windings. The primary winding of the primary transformer coil is disposed between the pair of secondary windings so that the primary winding forms a different balanced transmission line with each one of the pair of secondary windings. This results in greater bandwidth and higher transformer power efficiency (TPE) at RF frequencies.

Abstract: This invention provides a hard capsule that has excellent stability even when filled with a solvent for dissolving poorly soluble drugs, and that also achieves reduction in disintegration time, thereby ensuring excellent solubility. Specifically, the hard capsule of the present invention has a film comprising: (A) a polymer or copolymer obtained by polymerizing or copolymerizing, in the presence of polyvinyl alcohol and/or a derivative thereof, at least one polymerizable vinyl monomer represented by Formula (1): H2C?C(R1)—COOR2 ??(1) wherein R1 represents hydrogen or methyl, and R2 represents hydrogen or alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; and (B) native gellan gum.

Abstract: A main object of the present invention is to provide a coating composition capable of maintaining an excellent moisture-proof property of coating compositions mainly comprising a polyvinyl alcohol polymer, as well as increasing the coating process speed and improving the productivity. The object is achieved by a coating composition comprising a polymer or copolymer (A) obtained by polymerizing or copolymerizing at least one polymerizable vinyl monomer in the presence of polyvinyl alcohol and/or a derivative thereof, and a cellulose-based polymer (B).

Abstract: The present invention provides a hard capsule that exhibits excellent stability even when filled with a solvent for dissolving a poorly soluble drug, and that achieves improved moldability and drying rate. As such a hard capsule, the present invention provides a hard capsule having a film containing (A) a polymer or copolymer obtained by polymerizing or copolymerizing at least one polymerizable vinyl monomer represented by Formula (1): H2C?C(R1)—COOR2??(1) wherein R1 represents hydrogen or methyl, and R2 represents hydrogen or alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, in the presence of polyvinyl alcohol and/or a derivative thereof, and (B) at least one water-soluble polymer selected from the group consisting of cellulose polymers, dextrin, and polyvinylpyrrolidone.

Abstract: The object of the invention is to provide a hard capsule that is excellent in stability even when filled with a solvent for dissolving a poorly soluble pharmaceutical active ingredient, and that has excellent mechanical strength in a low-humidity environment. The invention provides a hard capsule having a film containing (A) a polymer or copolymer obtained by polymerizing or copolymerizing at least one polymerizable vinyl monomer represented by Formula (1): H2C?C(R1)—COOR2 (1), wherein R1 represents hydrogen or methyl, and R2 represents hydrogen or C1-C4 alkyl, in the presence of polyvinyl alcohol and/or a derivative thereof; and (B) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of (B-1) polyhydric alcohols, (B-2) esters of polyhydric alcohols and C1--C5 carboxylic acids, and (B-3) esters of polyvalent carboxylic acids and C1-C5 alcohols.

Abstract: A directional coupler includes a transmission line, and a coupling line, the transmission line being coupled with the coupling line. The transmission line is located at a height position different from that of the coupling line with respect to a reference plane. The transmission line and the coupling line have portions that do not overlap each other.

Abstract: A directional coupler includes a transmission line, and a coupling line, the transmission line being coupled with the coupling line. The transmission line is located at a height position different from that of the coupling line with respect to a reference plane. The transmission line and the coupling line have portions that do not overlap each other.

Abstract: A compound semiconductor transistor has a structure in which a first insulating film is formed only under a overhang of a gate electrode an upper part of which is formed widely, and a second insulating film for threshold voltage adjustment is formed on the side of a gate electrode and the first insulating film.