Abstract: A process comprises (a) applying a coating consisting essentially of at least one hydrophobic material to at least a portion of at least one surface of a substrate to form a water repellent layer; (b) disposing a plurality of particles on the water repellent layer, the particles being selected from porous particles, particle aggregates, and mixtures thereof; (c) at least partially embedding the particles in the water repellent layer; (d) at least partially hardening the water repellent layer; and (e) removing the at least partially embedded particles to form a microstructured coating; wherein the microstructured coating comprises a plurality of cavities that taper from the exposed surface of the coating toward the substrate.

Abstract: A coating comprises a polymer binder layer and a plurality of porous protrusions projecting from the surface of the polymer binder layer, the polymer binder layer and the protrusions independently (a) consisting essentially of at least one hydrophobic material; and/or (b) bearing a film that consists essentially of at least one hydrophobic material; wherein the distances between the protrusions are essentially shortest at the polymer binder layer surface.

Abstract: A resin composition for molding materials according to the present invention comprising an acrylic polymer and a plasticizer, wherein the acrylic polymer consists of primary particles which have a core-shell structure comprising a core polymer and a shell polymer, and wherein the core polymer and shell polymer comprise methyl methacrylate monomer units and the core polymer has a lower content of methyl methacrylate monomer units than the shell polymer. The resin composition has high moldability during molding and gives a molded article having high hardness and high tear strength and reduced in plasticizer bleeding.

Abstract: In a color image forming apparatus of the invention, a developing roller of a developing device includes a magnet roller that is configured such that a developer supply pole, a developer convey pole and a developer release pole are properly arranged and fixed. The developer roller also includes an outer cylindrical roller that is formed of an electrically conductive material such as aluminum. A surface of the cylindrical roller is processed to have irregularities. Using the developing roller, simultaneous development/cleaning is executed. Thus, 100% of toner contributes to image formation, and no waste toner is produced. Post-transfer residual toner on a photoconductor body is efficiently recovered to the developing roller, and occurrence of an image defect such as development memory can be prevented.

Abstract: A CPU controls a shutter of a developing device so as to enable movement of a developer between a first chamber and a second chamber that store the developer. The CPU rotates a developing roller and mixers of the first and second chambers for a predetermined time T, and stirs and conveys the developer. Thereby, the developer is moved from the first chamber into the second chamber. The amount of movement of the developer is understandable from the rotational speed and shape of each mixer. Hence, the amount of developer, which is moved from the first chamber to the second chamber, is estimated in advance, and about half the developer in the first chamber is replaced.

Abstract: A plastisol composition of the present invention comprises a polyalkylene glycol and/or a polyalkylene glycol derivative (X) and polymer particles (Y). This composition uses non-halogen based polymer particles with no halogen atoms, which do not emit materials such as hydrogen chloride gas or dioxin on incineration, and does not require a phthalic acid based plasticizer as a dispersion medium, and consequently provides an extremely large reduction in environmental impact. Furthermore, by using the plastisol composition, a gelled film having no bleed out of the dispersion medium, superior dispersion medium retention characteristics, workability, and processability is obtained. In addition, by using the plastisol composition of the present invention, a gelled film or an article with excellent mechanical characteristics are provided. The composition of the present invention is suitably used as materials such as wallpaper, floorings, vehicle undercoats, and vehicle body sealers.

Abstract: An injection apparatus comprises a screw drive shaft, a motor which generates torque to rotate the screw, a speed reducer, and a power transmission mechanism. The power transmission mechanism has a first pulley on an output shaft of the motor, a second pulley on an input shaft of the speed reducer, and a belt passed around the first and second pulleys. The speed reducer is located between the second pulley and the screw drive shaft. The speed reducer is formed of a planetary gear mechanism, and both its input and output shafts are situated on an extension of an axis of the screw drive shaft.

Abstract: Method for mold clamping of the present invention is capable of shortening a molding cycle without any initial setting works for an engaging position of a tie bars. The method is constituted the steps of moving the tie bars in the direction of mold closing during mold close operation, judging a relative moving speed between a movable die plate and the tie bar to be within a predetermined value, engaging the tie bars with the movable die plate mechanically by operating an engaging means when the relative moving speed is judged to be within the value, then further moving the movable die plate against a fixed die plate under engagement, and after contact of a movable mold with a fixed mold driving a mold clamping cylinder, thereby executing mold clamping operation.

Abstract: There is provided an image forming apparatus comprising a developing device containing a toner having an average particle diameter of 2 to 5 ?m and a spherical degree of 1 to 1.2, and a transfer member which is pressed against the image carrier by a pressing force having a total load of 150 g to 1500 g and a surface load of 10 to 150 g/cm2 at the time of transfer.

Abstract: A plastisol composition comprising (A) polymer fine particles comprising a polymer (a1) which undergoes a chemical reaction upon heating whereby it is converted from incompatibility to compatibility with a plasticizer (B), (B) a plasticizer, and (C) a reactive component which chemically reacts with the polymer (a1) upon heating to convert the polymer (a1) from incompatibility to compatibility with the plasticizer (B). The composition has satisfactory storage stability, exhibits no bleed-out of the plasticizer after heating, and gives molded products with excellent mechanical properties.

Abstract: A CPU controls a shutter of a developing device so as to enable movement of a developer between a first chamber and a second chamber that store the developer. The CPU rotates a developing roller and mixers of the first and second chambers for a predetermined time T, and stirs and conveys the developer. Thereby, the developer is moved from the first chamber into the second chamber. The amount of movement of the developer is understandable from the rotational speed and shape of each mixer. Hence, the amount of developer, which is moved from the first chamber to the second chamber, is estimated in advance, and about half the developer in the first chamber is replaced.

Abstract: In a color image forming apparatus of the invention, a developing roller of a developing device includes a magnet roller that is configured such that a developer supply pole, a developer convey pole and a developer release pole are properly arranged and fixed. The developer roller also includes an outer cylindrical roller that is formed of an electrically conductive material such as aluminum. A surface of the cylindrical roller is processed to have irregularities. Using the developing roller, simultaneous development/cleaning is executed. Thus, 100% of toner contributes to image formation, and no waste toner is produced. Post-transfer residual toner on a photoconductor body is efficiently recovered to the developing roller, and occurrence of an image defect such as development memory can be prevented.

Abstract: A viscosity modifier for plastisol compositions which contains at least one selected from the group consisting of: (A) a compound having at least one of a carboxy group or a salt thereof, an alkoxy group, and a glycidyl group; (B) amine compounds; and (C) metal chelate compounds. A plastisol composition containing the viscosity modifier and a polymer. A product having a coating layer obtained from the composition. A molded product obtained by using the composition. This viscosity modifier has an excellent effect of decreasing viscosity of a plastisol composition, thus enabling acquisition of a plastisol composition which allows an excellent cured product to be obtained at a low cost.

Abstract: Method for mold clamping of the present invention is capable of shortening a molding cycle without any initial setting works for an engaging position of a tie bars. The method is constituted the steps of moving the tie bars in the direction of mold closing during mold close operation, judging a relative moving speed between a movable die plate and the tie bar to be within a predetermined value, engaging the tie bars with the movable die plate mechanically by operating an engaging means when the relative moving speed is judged to be within the value, then further moving the movable die plate against a fixed die plate under engagement, and after contact of a movable mold with a fixed mold driving a mold clamping cylinder, thereby executing mold clamping operation.

Abstract: Method for mold clamping of the present invention is capable of shortening a molding cycle without any initial setting works for an engaging position of a tie bars. The method is constituted the steps of moving the tie bars in the direction of mold closing during mold close operation, judging a relative moving speed between a movable die plate and the tie bar to be within a predetermined value, engaging the tie bars with the movable die plate mechanically by operating an engaging means when the relative moving speed is judged to be within the value, then further moving the movable die plate against a fixed die plate under engagement, and after contact of a movable mold with a fixed mold driving a mold clamping cylinder, thereby executing mold clamping operation.

Abstract: This invention relates to a fine particle of polymer for a plastisol free from halogen atoms and having a specific surface area of 0.6 to 20.0 m2/g as determined by nitrogen-gas adsorption and a non-halogenated plastisol composition therefrom. This invention can provide a non-halogenated plastisol composition which does not generate toxic substances during incineration, is suitable as a coating material or sealant, and has a low viscosity, resulting in good workability and processability.

Abstract: Acrylic polymer fine particles which comprise primary particles P of 250 nm or more in average particle diameter having a core shell structure and plastisols prepared using the same. In the fine particles, a core polymer C and a shell polymer S are copolymers of the following monomer mixtures Mc and Ms, respectively, and the weight ratio of Mc and Ms is 10/90-90/10: Mc: methyl methacrylate 20-85 mol % (meth)acrylic ester of C2-C8 aliphatic alcohol and/or aromatic alcohol 15-80 mol % other copolymerizable monomers not more than 30 mol %; , when the total amount of these monomers is 100 mol %; Ms: methyl methacrylate 20-79.5 mol % (meth)acrylic ester of C2-C8 aliphatic alcohol and/or aromatic alcohol 5-40 mol % a monomer containing carboxyl group or sulfonic acid group 0.5-10 mol % other copolymerizable monomers not more than 30 mol %.

Abstract: An injection apparatus comprises a screw drive shaft, a motor which generates torque to rotate the screw, a speed reducer, and a power transmission mechanism. The power transmission mechanism has a first pulley on an output shaft of the motor, a second pulley on an input shaft of the speed reducer, and a belt passed around the first and second pulleys. The speed reducer is located between the second pulley and the screw drive shaft. The speed reducer is formed of a planetary gear mechanism, and both its input and output shafts are situated on an extension of an axis of the screw drive shaft.

Abstract: The tail end of a heating barrel is supported by a front plate. The tail end portion of a screw is rotatably supported by an intermediate plate. Bearings are built in the rear plate. The nut of each of ball screws is attached to the front surface of the rear plate through a hollow shaft and the bearing. Through holes are provided in the intermediate plate. To the front surface of the intermediate plate are fixed load cells so as to block the front of the through holes. The leading end portion of the threaded rod of each of the ball screws and leading end portion of the nut are inserted in each of the through holes. The leading end of the threaded rod is fixed to the rear surface of the load cell.

Abstract: A front plate and rear plate are connected to each other through a plurality of the bars. An intermediate plate is arranged between the front plate and the rear plate and guided by the tie bars to be movable. The front plate is fixed to a slide table. The rear plate and intermediate plate are supported by a linear slide guide on the slide table. A rear end portion of a barrel is fixed to a central area of the front plate. A rear end portion of a screw is supported by the intermediate plate with a bearing in between. A ball screw is incorporated in the rear plate and a forward end of a threaded rod of the ball screw is fixed to a central area of a back surface of the intermediate plate through a load cell.