Abstract: In order to perform appropriate reception quality control on each mobile station in a multimedia broadcast/multicast service, a layered coding section 101 encodes input data by dividing the input data into two layers and obtains a first layer code string and a second layer code string. The first layer code string is input to a CRC code addition section 102 and a CRC code for an error inspection is added thereto at every predetermined block. On the other hand, the second layer code string is input to a CRC code addition section 103 and a CRC code for an error inspection is added thereto at every predetermined block. The first layer code string and the second layer code string with the CRC codes added are input to a layered modulation section 104 and the layered modulation section 104 modulates a plurality of code strings coded by being divided into a plurality of layers in such away that error rates differ hierarchically among the plurality of code strings and a radio section 105 sends the modulated symbol.

Abstract: In a radio communication system where A-DPCH (Associated-Dedicated Physical Channel) to which soft hand-over is applied and HS-DPCCH (High Speed-Dedicated Physical Control Channel) to which hard hand-over is applied are mixed, in order to perform appropriate transmission power control of the HS-DPCCH, an HO judging section 11 judges whether the A-DPCH is in a soft hand-over state, and a transmission radio section 23, when the A-DPCH is not in the soft hand-over state, performs transmission power control of the HS-DPCCH according to a TPC command for the A-DPCH transmitted on the A-DPCH, and when the A-DPCH is in the soft hand-over state, performs transmission power control of the HS-DPCCH according to a TPC command for the HS-DPCCH transmitted on the HS-DPCCH.

Abstract: A base station transmits downlink signals to mobile terminals of users A to C with respective transmission power corresponding to downlink quality. A downlink quality estimating section (106) uses the transmission power from a transmission power control section to compare transmission power between the users, and estimates that a terminal with low transmission power has high downlink quality. The priorities are determined so that the priority is increased as the transmission power is lower. Thus determined priority information is output to a scheduling section (107). The scheduling section (107) performs scheduling based on the priority information. The section (107) assigns DSCH to terminals in ascending order of transmission power. User A is first assigned DSCH, user B is second assigned DSCH, and user C is third assigned DSCH. It is thus possible to perform scheduling and MCS selection of DSCH with the need of information from a terminal eliminated.

Abstract: A transmission rate determining method that enables assignment of transmission rate (modulation scheme and coding rate) to be optimized with high accuracy in the AMC technique. In the method, in abase station, Doppler frequency detector 117 detects the Doppler frequency (moving speed) of each mobile station. MCS assignment section 125 corrects a relational expression of MCS (coding rate and modulation scheme) and CIR based on the Doppler frequency (moving speed) obtained in Doppler frequency detector 117, for example, corrects a threshold in CIR, and determines MCS optimal for CIR report value. Results of assignment in MCS assignment section 125 are output to coding section 101 and modulation section 103.

Abstract: A reception power measurement section 107 measures reception power from received data. A transmission power information extracting section 106 extracts information of transmission power of a dedicated channel of mobile equipment included in received data. A condition setting section 108 calculates a transmission parameter of packet data and transmission power in scheduled mobile equipment using information of reception quality, reception power and transmission power of the dedicated channel, and outputs information of the calculated parameter and transmission power command information to channel coding sections 111-1 to 111-n. The channel coding sections 111-1 to 111-n code transmission data including transmission power command information and transmission parameter information to be notified to the scheduled mobile equipment. This makes it possible to perform communications based on suitable resource management in an uplink.

Abstract: An aluminum alloy thermal exchanger has an aluminum alloy metal surface without any harmful chromium ions and having good corrosion resistance and good hydrophilicity. The thermal exchanger includes an aluminum alloy metal having a surface provided with a first protective layer of chemical conversion coating produced by using a first treatment liquid, the first treatment liquid including a water soluble vanadium compound and a fluoro-zirconium complex compound. The first protective layer has a second protective layer of hydrophilic film thereon.

Abstract: A radio communication system and scheduling method where, when data are transmitted from a plurality of transmit antennas to respective different mobile station apparatuses, all the mobile station apparatuses precisely receive data addressed thereto. A scheduler (104) performs scheduling that determines a data transmit order, depending on the numbers of receive antennas of the respective mobile station apparatuses, and notifies a transmit antennas assignment signal generator (124) of which transmit antenna is assigned which mobile station apparatus's sub-stream as the scheduling result. A number of receive antennas notifying signal decoder (122) decodes the number of receive antennas notifying signals and notifies the number of the receive antennas of each mobile station apparatus to the scheduler (104). The transmit antennas assignment signal generator (124) generates the transmit antennas assignment signal indicating which transmit antenna is assigned which mobile station apparatus's sub-stream.

Abstract: A catcher, having an immunological epitope, is fixed to a detection zone of a spreading layer. A marker, capable of easy detection, has an inmmunological epitope. The marker and bispecific antibodies are soluble so that they can move on the spreading layer. The bispecific antibodies include a first bispecific antibody, having specificity for the detectable material in the fluid sample and the marker, and a second bispecific antibody, having specificity for the detectable material in the fluid sample and the catcher. Pore sizes and particle diameters are set so that the reaction product in which the marking elements and the particles are bonded are caught at a catching section. The concentration of the marking elements and the particles are increased to improve detection sensitivity. The result is an inexpensive and simple detection apparatus being highly-sensitive for the immunological detection of a detectable material, without wasting valuable antibodies.

Abstract: A base station transmits downlink signals to mobile terminals of users A to C with respective transmission power corresponding to downlink quality. A downlink quality estimating section (106) uses the transmission power from a transmission power control section to compare transmission power between the users, and estimates that a terminal with low transmission power has high downlink quality. The priorities are determined so that the priority is increased as the transmission power is lower. Thus determined priority information is output to a scheduling section (107). The scheduling section (107) performs scheduling based on the priority information. The section (107) assigns DSCH to terminals in ascending order of transmission power. User A is first assigned DSCH, user B is second assigned DSCH, and user C is third assigned DSCH. It is thus possible to perform scheduling and MCS selection of DSCH with the need of information from a terminal eliminated.

Abstract: Complex correlation section 110 complex-multiplies baseband signals obtained by frequency-converting known signals sent from base station apparatuses, which are candidate communication partners, to baseband frequencies by known patterns to distinguish signals of the respective base station apparatuses, despreads the baseband signals and obtains amplitude values. Desired signal power measuring section 111 averages the amplitude values with a predetermined number of symbols, interference signal power measuring section 112 that calculates a desired signal power value by suppressing the interference component separates the interference component by subtracting the desired signal power value from the amplitude values. Division section 113 divides the desired signal by the interference signal, calculates a CIR value and outputs the CIR value to transmission sections 102-1 to 102-n.

Abstract: P/S conversion section 302 performs parallel/serial conversion of data sequences #1 through #4 input in parallel, in accordance with control by assignment control section 303, so that data to a higher-priority communication terminal is assigned to an upper bit in one symbol; M-ary modulation section 304 performs M-ary modulation on the data that has been subject to parallel/serial conversion; S/P conversion section 305 converts a symbol that has been subject to M-ary modulation to parallel form; multipliers 306-1 through 306-4 execute spreading processing on the symbols output in parallel; multiplexing section 309 multiplexes the symbol that has been subject to spreading processing with an assignment notification signal that has been subject to spreading processing; and radio transmitting section 310 transmits the multiplex signal.

Abstract: A control signal generation section 106 generates a transmission power control signal for instructing transmission power to a mobile station apparatus on the basis of a comparison result of a measured SIR with a target SIR. A transmission power control section 111 controls transmission processing to a transmission signal including the transmission power control signal generated by the control signal generation section 106 on the basis of a transmission power control signal transmitted by the mobile station apparatus. Moreover, the control signal generation section 106 and the transmission power control section 111 respectively perform the generation of the transmission power control signal and the control of the transmission processing to the transmission signal according to an appearance of a new mobile station apparatus or an appearance of a new interference source.

Abstract: An assignment section 101 determines communication resource assignment to communication terminals based on a transmission rate at which communication is possible for each subcarrier of each communication terminal, and instructs a buffer section 102 to output forward transmission data. In addition, the assignment section 101 instructs a frame creation section 103 to perform forward transmission data symbolization, and also outputs a signal indicating communication resource assignment to each communication terminal. The buffer section 102 holds forward transmission data, and outputs forward transmission data to the frame creation section 103 in accordance with instructions from the assignment section 101. The frame creation section 103 symbolizes a resource assignment signal and transmission data to create a frame, which it outputs to a spreading section 104.