Abstract: Simple and economic electrolytic synthesis of peracetic acid is performed, and cold drink containers, etc., are sterilized/cleaned with an aqueous solution of peracetic acid thus obtained. Peracetic acid is electrolytically synthesized from acetic acid and/or acetate and an oxygen-containing gas as starting materials in the presence of a solid acid catalyst in an electrolytic cell. An object to be cleaned is sterilized/cleaned with an aqueous solution of peracetic acid thus obtained. Peracetic acid can be simply obtained at a reduced cost. The sterilizing/cleaning of an object to be cleaned with peracetic acid can be conducted efficiently.

Abstract: Highly active hydrogen evolving cathode using a platinum group metal catalyst in an amount smaller than that used in the conventional hydrogen evolving cathode. The hydrogen evolving cathode includes a conductive substrate, and a catalyst layer comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of silver and a silver oxide compound, and at least one selected from the group consisting of a platinum group metal, a platinum group metal oxide and a platinum group metal hydroxide, formed on a surface of the conductive substrate.

Abstract: A diamond electrode having a prolonged life by combining a conventional diamond electrode having a relatively short life with other components is provided. A diamond electrode for electrolysis includes an electrode substrate, at least the surface of which comprises Magneli phase titanium oxide, and conductive diamond supported as an electrode catalyst on a surface of the electrode. The electrode catalyst may contain a titanium oxide powder. Magneli phase titanium oxide improves conductivity without forming a stable oxide layer on the substrate surface.

Abstract: The present invention provides an oxygen-reduction gas diffusion cathode having: a porous conductive substrate; diamond particle having a hydrophobic surface; and catalyst particle, the diamond particle and the catalyst particle being disposed on the porous conductive substrate, and a method of sodium chloride electrolysis using the cathode.

Abstract: The present invention provides a conductive diamond electrode having: a conductive substrate; a coating layer formed on a surface of the conductive substrate, the coating layer containing one of a metal and an alloy each including at least one of niobium and tantalum; and a conductive diamond layer formed on a surface of the coating layer, and a process for producing the conductive diamond electrode.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrode for electrolysis including: a conductive substrate; and a conductive diamond formed on a surface of the conductive substrate, the conductive substrate having at least one surface shape selected from the group consisting of: (a) a surface shape of a combination of an Ra of 100-1,000-?m and an RSm of 50-10,000 ?m; (b) a surface shape of a combination of an Ra of 2.5-100 ?m and an RSm of 1.5-800 ?m, and (c) a surface shape of a combination of an Ra of 0.01-2 ?m and an RSm of 0.005-250 ?m, and a process for producing the electrode.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of sterilization with an electrolytic water, including: electrolyzing a raw water with an electrolytic unit including: a cathode; and an anode at least having a part containing a conductive diamond to prepare an electrolytic water; and ejecting the electrolytic water to a substance to be sterilized, and an electrolytic water ejecting apparatus.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrolytic anode for use in electrolytically synthesizing a fluorine-containing substance by using an electrolytic bath containing a fluoride ion including: an electroconductive substrate having a sure including an electroconductive carbonaceous material; and an electroconductive carbonaceous film having a diamond structure, the electroconductive carbonaceous film coating a part of the electroconductive carbonaceous substrate, and a method for electrolytically synthesizing a fluorine-containing substance using the electrolytic anode.

Abstract: An industrially useful peroxo-carbonate is electrolytically produced using, as a raw material, carbon dioxide that is inexpensive and easily available. A process of producing a peroxo-carbonate, includes feeding a carbon dioxide gas into an electrolytic cell having a gas diffusion anode and a cathode, or feeding a liquid having a carbon dioxide gas dissolved therein into an electrolytic cell having an anode and a cathode, and electrolytically converting the carbon dioxide gas into a peroxo-carbonate. By properly setting up electrolytic conditions such as electrodes, a useful peroxo-carbonate can be produced with high current efficiency using inexpensive carbon dioxide as the raw material.

Abstract: The present invention provides a gas diffusion electrode having: an electrode substrate; and a catalyst layer containing a hydrophilic catalyst and a hydrophobic binder, which is carried on the electrode substrate, wherein the electrode substrate contains at least one carbon material selected from a carbon cloth, a carbon paper, a foamed carbon material, and a sintered carbon material.

Abstract: A functional water containing a fluorine-containing component obtained by electrolyzing an aqueous solution containing fluoride ion using electrodes having conductive diamonds, a method of producing the same, and a method and an apparatus of rinsing electronic parts using the functional water as a rinsing water. The fluorine-containing component produced by electrolyzing the fluoride ion using the conductive diamond, has stronger rinsing effect than that of a fluorine-containing component obtained by electrolyzing the fluoride ion itself before electrolysis or the fluoride ion using other electrodes. Therefore, an amount of hydrofluoric acid used can greatly be decreased.

Abstract: Highly active hydrogen evolving cathode using a platinum group metal catalyst in an amount smaller than that used in the conventional hydrogen evolving cathode. The hydrogen evolving cathode includes a conductive substrate, and a catalyst layer comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of silver and a silver oxide compound, and at least one selected from the group consisting of a platinum group metal, a platinum group metal oxide and a platinum group metal hydroxide, formed on a surface of the conductive substrate.

Abstract: A conductive diamond electrode including a conductive substrate comprising a carbonaceous material, a conductive diamond catalyst layer formed on a surface of the conductive substrate, and a carbon fluoride formed on an exposed portion present on the surface of the conductive substrate. The formed carbon fluoride prevents the conductive substrate from contacting with an electrolytic solution, thereby suppressing corrosion of the substrate. A long life of the electrode can be attained.

Abstract: An industrially useful peroxo-carbonate is electrolytically produced using, as a raw material, carbon dioxide that is inexpensive and easily available. A process of producing a peroxo-carbonate, includes feeding a carbon dioxide gas into an electrolytic cell having a gas diffusion anode and a cathode, or feeding a liquid having a carbon dioxide gas dissolved therein into an electrolytic cell having an anode and a cathode, and electrolytically converting the carbon dioxide gas into a peroxo-carbonate. By properly setting up electrolytic conditions such as electrodes, a useful peroxo-carbonate can be produced with high current efficiency using inexpensive carbon dioxide as the raw material.

Abstract: A conductive diamond electrode including an electrode substrate comprising a material selected from the group consisting of a valve metal and an alloy based on the valve metal, at least a surface of the metal or alloy having been subjected to plasticization processing, or heat treatment in vacuum or inert atmosphere; and a conductive diamond film formed on the plasticization processed surface of the electrode substrate. When the electrode substrate is subjected to plasticization processing and heat treatment, peeling resistance of the conductive diamond film is improved, thereby an electrode life is prolonged.

Abstract: An electrolytic treatment apparatus and method by simply subjecting a chemical plating waste liquor containing phosphorus components and organic compounds to electrolytic treatment, thereby reducing the amount of impurities in the waste liquor to a level at which the waste liquor can be discharged. The chemical plating waste liquor containing hypophosphorous acid, phosphorous acid and organic compounds is subjected to electrolytic treatment in an electrolytic cell having a conductive diamond electrode as an anode. The conductive diamond electrode oxidizes or oxidatively decomposes the phosphorus components and organic compounds in the waste liquor substantially simultaneously, thereby reducing the amount of impurities to a level at which the waste liquor can be discharged.

Abstract: An electrode-membrane assembly comprising a pair of electrodes at least one of which is porous, and a thermoplastic resin membrane having a functional group capable of being modified to a free ion exchange group upon hydrolysis, which is interposed between the two electrodes and partly penetrates into the pores of the electrode. In this arrangement, the ion exchange membrane can be mechanically integrated to the anode and cathode to compensate for the insufficiency of mechanical strength of the ion exchange membrane. Thus, an electrode-membrane assembly which can be used in an industrial electrolytic cell or fuel cell is provided.

Abstract: A method is disclosed, which is capable of subjecting microorganisms to sterilizing or bacteriostatic treatment with good efficiency as compared with the conventional sterilizing or bacteriostatic method using a noble metal electrode. Microorganism-containing water to be treated is electrochemically treated using an anode having conductive diamond to bring the microorganism into contact with the anode, thereby undergoing sterilization. Since the conductive diamond has a high oxidation potential as compared with other electrode substances, direct oxidation reaction due to contact between a microorganism in water to be treated, such as Legionella bacteria, and the anode surface occurs strongly as compared with other electrodes, thereby enabling effective sterilization. The conductive diamond has a high ability to generate ozone and has an excellent formation efficiency with respect to the generation of hydrogen peroxide and radicals. Accordingly, an indirect sterilizing effect can also be expected.

Abstract: Simple and economic electrolytic synthesis of peracetic acid is performed, and cold drink containers, etc., are sterilized/cleaned with an aqueous solution of peracetic acid thus obtained. Peracetic acid is electrolytically synthesized from acetic acid and/or acetate and an oxygen-containing gas as starting materials in the presence of a solid acid catalyst in an electrolytic cell. An object to be cleaned is sterilized/cleaned with an aqueous solution of peracetic acid thus obtained. Peracetic acid can be simply obtained at a reduced cost. The sterilizing/cleaning of an object to be cleaned with peracetic acid can be conducted efficiently.

Abstract: A diamond electrode having a prolonged life by combining a conventional diamond electrode having a relatively short life with other components is provided. A diamond electrode for electrolysis includes an electrode substrate, at least the surface of which comprises Magneli phase titanium oxide, and conductive diamond supported as an electrode catalyst on a surface of the electrode. The electrode catalyst may contain a titanium oxide powder. Magneli phase titanium oxide improves conductivity without forming a stable oxide layer on the substrate surface.