Abstract: Several embodiments of direct injected spark ignited internal combustion engines. In these embodiments, the fuel injector is positioned quite close to the cylinder bore axis so as to ensure a homogeneous mixture in the combustion chamber under all running conditions and particularly high speed high load conditions. The injector in each embodiment is positioned, however, relative to this spark plug or plugs so that fuel will not be sprayed into their gap to cause fouling. In addition, an improved arrangement for showing heat transfer from both the spark plugs and fuel injectors to the engine coolant is also disclosed.

Abstract: A vacuum processing apparatus for performing various processes on a wafer in a vacuum chamber, and a film deposition method and a film deposition apparatus using this vacuum processing apparatus. The vacuum processing apparatus, the film deposition method and the film deposition apparatus using the vacuum processing apparatus according to this invention are characterized in that temperature control of the wafer is performed in a film deposition process, and particularly characterized in that after the emissivity calibration using a combination of a temperature calibration stage and a shutter is performed, the substrate is transferred to stages in a vacuum film deposition process chamber, and a film is deposited on the substrate by controlling the substrate temperature to a specified temperature.

Abstract: Providing a method of injection into meat in which brine for curing or seasoning liquid is uniformly dispersed in a green meat efficiently and continuously without deteriorating a meat property; curing and seasoning can be accomplished without using a tumbling machine, a massage machine or the like for a long time; and the brine for curing and the seasoning liquid can be uniformly dispersed even if there is a difference of injection resistance in meat property. This can be achieved by using a pickle injector which is provided with a high-pressure liquid generator constituted of a plunger pump or the like, a coherent stream injection nozzle for injecting the brine for curing and a pressure control mechanism which can raise an injection pressure gradually from zero or a low pressure while injecting the liquid substance when the brine for curing is injected from the nozzle to the green meat.

Abstract: A number of embodiments of induction systems for multiple valve internal combustion engines wherein the performance of the engine is improved throughout the engine speed and load ranges by providing variable effective areas for the induction passages. The embodiments disclosed all relate to three intake valve engines and show a number of different variations in intake passages. In all embodiments an EGR system is employed for improving exhaust emission control.

Abstract: Disclosed is a drum brake device in which during a service brake application, a pair of brake shoes operates in a leading/trailing mode, and during a parking brake application, a parking brake mechanism operates to cause the brake shoes to operate in the duo servo mode. A first lever, an equalizer and a second lever, which make up the parking brake mechanism, are all assembled onto one of the brake shoes. The second lever includes an input portion, a lever contact portion and an equalizer contact portion. The input portion receives a force from a parking lever. The lever contact portion applies a turning force to the first lever. The equalizer contact portion applies a turning force to the equalizer. The second lever, when it is turned, turns the first lever and then the equalizer.

Abstract: In a laminated capacitor, internal electrodes formed within a naked laminated body oppose a trimming electrode formed on a surface of the naked laminated body so as to obtain an electrostatic capacity, and the internal electrodes differ from one another in area opposed to the trimming electrode. By removing the trimming electrode from a portion where it is opposed to more of the internal electrodes toward another portion where it is opposed to less of the internal electrodes, the rate of decrease in electrostatic capacity with respect to the area of the trimming electrode is large at an initial stage of the trimming process and it gradually reduces in accordance with the progress thereof. Further, when the electrostatic capacity becomes to small through too much trimming, an adjusting layer between the trimming electrode and the internal electrode is deoxidized in a part thereof so that the portion of the adjusting layer is turned conductive to increase the electrostatic capacity thereof.

Abstract: The present invention intends to provide a method of injection into meat in which brine for curing or seasoning liquid is uniformly dispersed in a green meat efficiently and continuously without deteriorating a meat property; curing and seasoning can be accomplished without using a tumbling machine, a massage machine or the like for a long time; and the brine for curing and the seasoning liquid can be uniformly dispersed even if there is a difference of injection resistance in meat property. The object can be achieved by using a pickle injector which is provided with a high-pressure liquid generator constituted of a plunger pump or the like, a coherent stream injection nozzle for injecting the brine for curing and a pressure control mechanism which can raise an injection pressure gradually from 0 or a low pressure while injecting the liquid substance when the brine for curing is injected from the nozzle to the green meat. In addition, for pressure control, a servo motor or the like can be used.

Abstract: A number of embodiments of induction systems for multiple valve internal combustion engines wherein the performance of the engine is improved throughout the engine speed and load ranges by providing variable effective areas for the induction passages. The embodiments disclosed all relate to three intake valve engines and show a number of different variations in intake passages. In all embodiments an EGR system is employed for improving exhaust emission control.

Abstract: A number of embodiments of twin overhead cam shaft reciprocating machines having a plurality of poppet valves. A variable valve timing mechanism is interposed between the cam shafts and respective of the poppet valves for varying their lift and for changing the number of effective poppet valves per cylinder. The lift changing mechanism includes means for shifting at least one rocker arm follower and provides a relatively compact yet highly efficient structure for achieving this purpose.

Abstract: A number of embodiments of multi-valve internal combustion engines having a manifold fuel injection and a control valve which changes the air flow pattern into the combustion chamber between an unrestricted flow and a restricted flow wherein turbulence is generated. An air assist arrangement including a number of different embodiments of insert pieces are employed for changing the spray pattern in response to the position of the control valve so as to provide the desired fuel flow into the combustion chamber when the control valve is controlling the air flow.

Abstract: The present invention relates to vacuum processing equipment for processing a wafer in a vacuum, and film coating or forming equipment and method for forming a film on a wafer wherein radiation measurement and temperature control of the wafer is carried out by using an infrared radiation thermometer. Based upon the radiation measurement, heating and/or cooling of the wafer during processing is carried out.

Abstract: A number of embodiments of twin overhead cam shaft reciprocating machines having a plurality of poppet valves. A variable valve timing mechanism is interposed between the cam shafts and respective of the poppet valves for varying their lift and for changing the number of effective poppet valves per cylinder. The lift changing mechanism includes means for shifting at least one rocker arm follower and provides a relatively compact yet highly efficient structure for achieving this purpose.

Abstract: Two embodiments of multiple-valve engines wherein both the spark plug and fuel injector are mounted in the cylinder head in side-by-side relationship with their axes lying in a common plane. The spark plug and fuel injector axes extend into the combustion chamber recess in an area that is circumscribed by a circle passing through the centers of the valve seats.

Abstract: A number of embodiments of twin overhead cam shaft reciprocating machines having a plurality of poppet valves. A variable valve timing mechanism is interposed between the cam shafts and respective of the poppet valves for varying their lift and for changing the number of effective poppet valves per cylinder. The lift changing mechanism includes means for shifting at least one rocker arm follower and provides a relatively compact yet highly efficient structure for achieving this purpose.

Abstract: A number of embodiments of multiple-valve internal combustion engines having at least some of the valves being deactivatable by means of a hydraulic tappet assembly so as to control the flow path and flow pattern into and out of the combustion chamber. A hydraulic system is provided for controlling which of the valves operate and, if desired, the lift of the valves.

Abstract: The present invention relates to vacuum processing equipment for processing a wafer in a vacuum, and film coating or forming equipment and method for forming a film on a wafer wherein radiation measurement and temperature control of the wafer is carried out by using an infrared radiation thermometer. Based upon the radiation measurement, heating and/or cooling of the wafer during processing is carried out.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for filling small via holes provided to insulating film on a wafer to expose parts of the underlayer of the wafer by metal by means of CVD, and an apparatus therefor. The gist of the present invention lies in that, before CVD is conducted, a surface cleaning treatment of small via hole bottom underlayer surface and a stabilization treatment of insulating film surface activated thereby are carried out successively or simultaneously and optionally an anti-corrosive treatment is applied to underlayer surface, and then the CVD treatment is conducted without exposing the underlayer metal subjected to above treatments to the air. The present invention provides an effect of enabling via filling by metal which shows good selectivity and gives a low interfacial resistance between underlayer metal and filled metal.

Abstract: A number of embodiments of overhead cam internal combustion engines having multiple intake and exhaust valves. The valve actuating mechanism is such that the valves are opened at a non-symmetrical rate so as to minimize the clearance requirements at top dead center and also so as to minimize the overlap between the closing of the exhaust valve and the opening of the intake valve without decreasing volumetric efficiency. A number of embodiments having either direct or rocker arm actuation are disclosed.

Abstract: A number of embodiments of multiple intake valve internal combustion engines that permit the generation of tumble in one direction and at a high velocity under one engine running condition and counter tumble at a lower velocity but in a higher flow volume under other running conditions. The system includes an arrangement for disabling the operation of at least one of the intake passages and for redirecting the flow through another of the intake passages. Embodiments having two, three, and four intake valves per cylinder are disclosed.

Abstract: An induction system and combustion chamber configuration for a multiple valve internal combustion engine wherein a tumble action is generated in the combustion chamber about an axis that extends transversely relative to the axis of the cylinder bore and which tumble axis is disposed so as to be substantially at the center of the combustion chamber volume when the piston is at its maximum speed during the compression stroke. This is accomplished by changing the lift, effective flow areas, and/or size of the intake passages.