Abstract: A device and a method for the adjustment of a temperature of a liquid which is contained in one or more sample vessels are specified, a control unit and a temperature adjustment unit being provided, which acts on the liquid contained in the sample vessels. Furthermore, the control unit is operatively connected to the temperature adjustment unit. The liquid to be analyzed contains absorption elements in order to accelerate the temperature adjustment in the liquid to be analyzed.

Abstract: A device and a method for the adjustment of a temperature of a liquid which is contained in one or more sample vessels are specified, a control unit and a temperature adjustment unit being provided, which acts on the liquid contained in the sample vessels. Furthermore, the control unit is operatively connected to the temperature adjustment unit. The liquid to be analyzed contains absorption elements in order to accelerate the temperature adjustment in the liquid to be analyzed.

Abstract: The invention relates to the treatment of viral diseases with at least one proteasome inhibitor and one inhibitor of protein-folding enzymes.

Abstract: The invention concerns the treatment of orthomyxovirus infections with inhibitors of the ubiquitin protease system, in particular proteasome inhibitors.

Abstract: Method for producing small and micro conductive structures on surfaces by (hot) stamping and/or nanoscale imprinting microstructures on the surfaces, targeting conductive material into the channels thus created with the aid of capillary action, and appropriately after-treating the conductive material.

Abstract: The present invention provides monoclonal antibodies to HIV-1 Vpr and hybridoma cell lines that produce the monoclonal antibodies to HIV-1 Vpr. Methods for use of such antibodies in the detection of HIV-1 infection are also provided.

Abstract: System for processing samples, in particular samples containing nucleic acids comprising a multichamber arrangement the chambers of which are used to receive liquids and it also concerns a pipetting device for removing liquids from the chambers and/or dispensing liquid into the chambers, wherein the system has a contamination protection which can move relative to the multichamber arrangement and which prevents contamination of an adjacent second chamber with liquid from the first chamber during a pipetting operation in the first chamber, by preventing discharge of fluid droplets from the first chamber into the second chamber by at least partially covering the first chamber.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods of treating a hepatitus virus infection by administering a therapeutically effective amount of a proteasome inhibitor and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier to a subject in need thereof. Preferably, the protesome in hibitor inhibits or regulates a ubiquitin proteasome pathway.

Abstract: The invention concerns agents for the treatment of acute and chronic infections with human and animal pathogenic viruses which assemble along the cell membrane and are released through budding on the surface of the cell. Hereunto count especially causative agents of infectious diseases such as AIDS, hepatitis, hemorrhagic fever, SARS, smallpox, measles, polio or the flu. The subjects of the invention are agents that contain inhibitors of the protein folding as active components. Hereunto count inhibitors of cellular folding enzymes (the enzymatic chaperones) as well as substances that disturb the folding of proteins through chemical chaperones. The following substance classes and their derivates belong thereunto: Geldanamycin, Deoxyspergualin, 4-PBA or Herbimycin A. Due to these agents the highly organised processes of the assembly and the proteolytical maturation of virus structure proteins is disturbed. As a result the release and production of infectious decendent viruses is prevented.

Abstract: A metal rod-shaped element for a liquid detecting device is essentially cylindrical and has first and second ends. In at least one length, starting from the second end, the element has an isolating coating and an electrode strip is provided which extends along a longitudinal axis of the element. The electrode strip is not electrically connected to the element and the strip comprises a high impedance material. Two flattened sections are provided where the metal of the element lies openly. In a cross sectional view the electrode strip is situated between the two flattened sections. A first contact mechanism is provided in order to establish, in the range of the first end, an electrical contact to the rod-shaped element, and a second contact mechanism is provided in order to establish, within the range of the first end, an electrical contact to the electrode strip.

Abstract: The present invention provides screening methods for identifying a compound that induces loss of the lentiviral protein Vpr; screening methods for identifying compounds that inhibit the peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase (PPIase) activity of a protein that catalyzes cis-trans isomerization of cis-peptidylprolyl bonds in Vpr; and compounds identified by the screening methods. The compounds are useful for treating a lentiviral infection. The present invention further provides methods of inducing loss of the lentiviral protein Vpr; methods of inhibiting lentivirus viral replication; and methods of treating a lentivirus infection in an individual. The methods generally involve administering to an individual infected with the lentivirus an effective amount of a compound that induces Vpr loss and/or that inhibits PPIase activity of a protein that catalyzes cis-trans isomerization of cis-peptidylprolyl bonds in Vpr.

Abstract: Dental material containing a cluster according to the general formula [(M1)a(M2)bOc(OH)d(OR)e(L-Sp-Z)f] (I) in which M1, M2, independently of each other, stand in each case for a metal atom of the IIIrd or Vth main groups or the Ist to VIIIth sub-groups of the periodic table; R is an alkyl group with 1 to 6 carbon atoms; L is a co-ordinating group with 2 to 6 complexing centres; Sp is a spacer group or is absent; Z is a polymerizable group; c is a number from 1 to 30; d, e, independently of each other, are in each case a number from 1 to 30; f is a number from 2 to 30, any charge of the cluster (I) present being equalized by counterions.

Abstract: In the polymer of transition-metal-bridged units of the formula (I) where A is an m-valent organic radical, T independently of one another are O or NH, Q independently of one another are CHR1—CH2 where R1 is H or optionally substituted C1-6-alkyl, R independently of one another are H, 2-pyridyl, 2-imidazolinyl, 2-imidazolyl, 2-thiazolinyl, 2-thiazolyl, 2-pyridazyl, 2-pyrimidyl, carboxyl, carboxylic ester radical, carboxamide radical, carboxylate, phosphonate, where at least one of the radicals R is different from H, M is Fe2+, Fe3+, Co2+, Co3+, Zn2+, Ru2+, Os2+, Ni2+, Z is SO42?, CH3OO?, BF4?, SF6?, Cl?, I?, PF6?, perchlorate, n is 1 to 10 000, m is 2 to 100, p is a number which corresponds to the charge balance within the polymer, the average molecular weight of the polymer is at least 15 000.

Abstract: A metal rod-shaped element for a liquid detecting device is essentially cylindrical and has first and second ends. In at least one length, starting from the second end, the element has an isolating coating and an electrode strip is provided which extends along a longitudinal axis of the element. The electrode strip is not electrically connected to the element and the strip comprises a high impedance material. Two flattened sections are provided where the metal of the element lies openly. In a cross sectional view the electrode strip is situated between the two flattened sections. A first contact mechanism is provided in order to establish, in the range of the first end, an electrical contact to the rod-shaped element, and a second contact mechanism is provided in order to establish, within the range of the first end, an electrical contact to the electrode strip.

Abstract: The invention pertains to synthetic (s) peptides derived from the viral regulatory protein R (Vpr) of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), particularly the chemical synthesis of the 96 amino acid full length Vpr protein (sVpr1-96), of a 47 amino acid long N-terminal (sVpr1-47), of a 49 amino acid long C-terminal fragment (sVpr48-96) as well as fragments thereof (sVpr1-20 and sVpr21-40) and further approximately 15 amino acid long fragments of sVpr1-96. As fragments or full length products of the HIV-1 regulatory protein, those products are used in biological assays, for molecular and structural characterization of Vpr and domains thereof, as well as for the development of anti-Vpr antibodies directed against Vpr peptide sequences.

Abstract: The invention relates to agents for the treatment, therapy and inhibition of Flaviviridae virus infections, which agents comprise proteasome inhibitors as the active component. The agents which are used for inhibiting the release, maturation and replication of Flaviviridae comprise, as the active component in pharmaceutical preparations, substance classes which share the common property of inhibiting the 26S proteasome in cells. These substance classes include, in particular, proteasome inhibitors which affect the activities of the ubiquitin/proteasome pathway, in particular the enzymic activities of the 26S and the 20S proteasome complex. The application of the invention lies in the antiviral therapy of Flaviviridae infections, especially in preventing the establishment and maintenance of a chronic hepatitis C virus infection and a hepatopathogenesis which is associated therewith.

Abstract: System for processing samples, in particular samples containing nucleic acids comprising a multichamber arrangement the chambers of which are used to receive liquids and it also concerns a pipetting device for removing liquids from the chambers and/or dispensing liquid into the chambers, wherein the system has a contamination protection which can move relative to the multichamber arrangement and which prevents contamination of an adjacent second chamber with liquid from the first chamber during a pipetting operation in the first chamber, by preventing discharge of fluid droplets from the first chamber into the second chamber by at least partially covering the first chamber.

Abstract: A procedure for the release and isolation of nucleic acids from biological compartments of a sample always uses an instrument that can hold one or more sample processsing vessels, maintain the sample processing vessels at a constant temperature, shake the sample processing vessels and separate magnetic particles by means of magnetic force. This system greatly simplifies the isolation of nucleic acids.

Abstract: The invention relates to agents for the treatment of viral infections, in particular, infections with hepatitis and retro-viruses. Said agents inhibit the release, maturation and replication of both retro-viruses and also hepatitis viruses. In the example of human immune deficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis-B viruses it has been shown that proteasome inhibitors block the release of virus particles and the infectiousness of the released viral particles and thus the reproduction of the viruses. The proteasome inhibitors affect the activities in the ubiquitin/proteasome pathway, in particular the enzymatic activities of the 26S and the 20S proteasome complexes. The application for the above invention lies in anti-retroviral therapy, particularly the treatment of HIV infections and AIDS and in the anti-viral therapy of hepatitis infections, in particular the treatment of acute and chronic HBV and HCV infections and the associated liver carcinomas.

Abstract: The present invention provides screening methods for identifying a compound that induces loss of the lentiviral protein Vpr; screening methods for identifying compounds that inhibit the peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase (PPIase) activity of a protein that catalyzes cis-trans isomerization of cis-peptidylprolyl bonds in Vpr; and compounds identified by the screening methods. The compounds are useful for treating a lentiviral infection. The present invention further provides methods of inducing loss of the lentiviral protein Vpr; methods of inhibiting lentivirus viral replication; and methods of treating a lentivirus infection in an individual. The methods generally involve administering to an individual infected with the lentivirus an effective amount of a compound that induces Vpr loss and/or that inhibits PPIase activity of a protein that catalyzes cis-trans isomerization of cis-peptidylprolyl bonds in Vpr.