Abstract: An apparatus 1 serves for treating tumors in particular. This apparatus has, for example, a sensor-actuator head 3 with at least one sensor 10 for determining the acidification of the immediate surroundings of the tumor cells. An active ingredient dispensing device for exerting chemical influence and/or electrodes for exerting physical influence through electrical and/or electromagnetic fields on the tumorous tissue area to be treated are provided on the sensor-actuator head. The sensor(s) 10 as well as the active ingredient dispensing facility and/or the treatment electrodes are connected with a control facility for controlling chemical and/or physical treatment of the tumorous tissue area as a function of measured values.

Abstract: A signal separator, particularly a teletext-signal separator, includes an integrating unit which delivers a center-of-bit-indicating (i.e., center-crossing) signal and a residual-value signal. A residual-value-signal-evaluating device evaluates the respective residual value and uses a selection control signal to determine how the value of the current signal bit is to be estimated. This is accomplished by using a selection facility which derives from the current sample value and the preceding and subsequent sample values the respective preaverage value and postaverage value and selects the value best suited for the estimation using the selection control signal. A phase corrector evaluates a signal pattern from an edge logic which indicates whether the current sample value is approaching an edge of the signal, and controls a change of the integration period if the residual-value signal lies within a predetermined residual value signal range.

Abstract: A digital control circuit with a device for generating a high-resolution tuning voltage is suitable for use in receivers for RF signals, particularly in consumer equipment. The tuning voltage can be electronically switched from one value to another at a high speed. The transient time required with conventional control loops is nearly eliminated since the low-pass filter or the digital integrator is preset to its steady-state integration value. To generate the tuning voltage, dynamic digital-to-analog convertors are provided which, despite their high resolution, require only a smoothing filter with a short response time and a short time constant.

Abstract: A circuit is arranged to derive the internal vertical synchronizing signals and field identification signals for a digital television signal. The circuit operates from the internal horizontal synchronizing signals and the separated external synchronizing signals and employs a sign inverter, an accumulator, an absolute value device, a comparator, a counter and AND gates, as well as an OR gate. These components, as coupled, produce the above-noted signals by digital generation and requires no subcircuits that are independent of the horizontal oscillator which horizontal oscillator is arranged in a phase lock loop.