Abstract: A pressure equalization element for a housing includes a water-impermeable membrane. The membrane is combined with either a pressure relief valve acting in two directions or with a corresponding combination of two pressure relief valves such that a volume of air exchange is reduced. An amount of moisture transported into the housing is thus also reduced.

Abstract: A battery system, in particular a lithium-ion battery system, comprising a discharge line (AL) with an opening for discharging substances which are produced in the battery system, in particular gases, to the surroundings of the battery system.

Abstract: A battery includes a housing in which at least one battery cell and a device configured to dry air present in a housing inner chamber are arranged. The battery also includes a molded body made of a porous, moisture-absorbing material that is arranged such that it extends both into the housing inner chamber and into an outer chamber of the housing and connects said chambers to each other such that moisture is conducted there between. The part of the molded body present in the housing inner chamber is connected to the device configured to dry the air present in the housing inner chamber such that collected water is transferred out of the device to the molded body for air drying.

Abstract: The invention relates to a clamp element for a temperature-independent turgor pressure measurement device for measuring the turgor pressure in a plant sample.

Abstract: A method for the resistive charge equalization of battery cells of a battery, includes, in a first step, ascertaining the state of charge of the battery cells ascertained and correlating the battery cells of which the state of charge exceeds a predefined value with a first mask, which permits charge equalization only for a predefined portion of all the battery cells, wherein, then, charge equalization is performed. In a second step, the state of charge of the battery cells is optionally ascertained again and the battery cells of which the state of charge exceeds a predefined value are correlated with a second mask, which differs from the first mask, and wherein, then, charge equalization is performed. As a result, the heat generated during charge equalization is distributed in space and time such that no local overheating of or damage to components occurs and no overtemperature disconnection of the battery occurs.

Abstract: A battery system, in particular a lithium-ion battery system, comprising a discharge line (AL) with an opening for discharging substances which are produced in the battery system, in particular gases, to the surroundings of the battery system.

Abstract: A battery includes a control device having an interface configured to enable a measurement of battery properties and/or of a discharge of the battery, in the event that the control device has failed. A motor vehicle, such as an electrical motor vehicle, includes the battery. An analysis plug is configured to replace a maintenance plug of the battery. A method for monitoring the battery includes measuring battery properties and/or a discharge of the battery via an interface, in the event that the control device has failed.

Abstract: A battery comprises a housing and a plurality of battery cells arranged in the housing. Each battery cell has at least one discharge valve. The battery further comprises a discharge pipe system for discharging gases released from one, a plurality of or all discharge valves of the battery cells. The discharge pipe system according to the disclosure has a plurality of separate connections for receiving the released gases and a common discharge guide into which the separate connections open and via which the released gases can be discharged out of the housing. The battery is characterized in that a protective film is arranged between the discharge valves of the battery cells and the separate connections of the discharge pipe system so that direct contact of the battery cells to the gases in the discharge pipe system is prevented.

Abstract: A method and a device for reducing the humidity of a gas in a housing interior, in particular in a battery housing interior, includes leading a gas through a first selectively permeable membrane and into an intermediate space. The intermediate space has the first selectively permeable membrane as an inlet and a second selectively permeable membrane as an outlet. The gas is then cooled in the intermediate space by a cooling unit such that a water vapor portion of the gas is condensed into water and the gas having a reduced water vapor content is directed through the second selectively permeable membrane into the housing interior.

Abstract: A pressure equalization element for a housing includes a water-impermeable membrane. The membrane is combined with either a pressure relief valve acting in two directions or with a corresponding combination of two pressure relief valves such that a volume of air exchange is reduced. An amount of moisture transported into the housing is thus also reduced.

Abstract: A pressure equalizing element for a housing comprises a head section, a body section, and a duct, through which air can pass and which extends through the head section and the body section. A drying element, which has a desiccant that draws moisture from air flowing through the duct, is arranged in the duct. The disclosure further relates to a battery having said pressure equalizing element and to a motor vehicle having said battery.

Abstract: The invention relates to a clamp element for a temperature-independent turgor pressure measurement device for measuring the turgor pressure in a plant sample.

Abstract: A method of determining a pressure parameter of a plant sample (1) comprises the steps of subjecting the plant sample (1) to a clamp pressure (pclamp) created with a clamp device (10), measuring at least one pressure response value (pp) of the plant sample (1), which depends on the clamp pressure (Pclamp)/and determining the pressure parameter on the basis of the at least one pressure response value (pp), wherein the clamp pressure (pclamp) is adjusted, such that the plant sample (1) has a viscoelastic pressure response to the clamp pressure (pclamp). Furthermore, an apparatus (100) for determining a pressure parameter of a plant sample (1) is described.

Abstract: A device for producing a crosslinked substance, e.g., of crosslinked microcapsules (1) of a crosslinkable capsule substance, in particular crosslinked alginates, is described, having a first dispensing device (2) for dispensing a jet of the crosslinkable capsule substance and a crosslinking device for applying a crosslinking agent to the capsule substance, whereby the crosslinking device has a second dispensing device (5) which directs a jet (9, 13) of the crosslinking agent at the jet or at a layer of the capsule substance.

Abstract: A method for the resistive charge equalization of battery cells of a battery, includes, in a first step, ascertaining the state of charge of the battery cells ascertained and correlating the battery cells of which the state of charge exceeds a predefined value with a first mask, which permits charge equalization only for a predefined portion of all the battery cells, wherein, then, charge equalization is performed. In a second step, the state of charge of the battery cells is optionally ascertained again and the battery cells of which the state of charge exceeds a predefined value are correlated with a second mask, which differs from the first mask, and wherein, then, charge equalization is performed. As a result, the heat generated during charge equalization is distributed in space and time such that no local overheating of or damage to components occurs and no overtemperature disconnection of the battery occurs.

Abstract: A dummy battery cell has a housing, electrodes arranged within the housing, and terminals which are electrically conductively connected to the electrodes. The dummy battery cell is configured such that the housing is configured to hold an electrolyte. Instead of an electrolyte, however, the dummy battery cell has a filler which does not contain an electrolyte. The filler is effective for the battery cell type. A battery, a battery module and a battery system contain at least one such dummy battery cell.

Abstract: A battery includes a housing in which at least one battery cell and a device configured to dry air present in a housing inner chamber are arranged. The battery also includes a molded body made of a porous, moisture-absorbing material that is arranged such that it extends both into the housing inner chamber and into an outer chamber of the housing and connects said chambers to each other such that moisture is conducted there between. The part of the molded body present in the housing inner chamber is connected to the device configured to dry the air present in the housing inner chamber such that collected water is transferred out of the device to the molded body for air drying.

Abstract: Described are methods for electrical treatment of biological cells, in particular using electrical field pulses, involving the steps: arrangement of the cells (1) on apertures (2) of a solid planar carrier element (3) which divides a measuring chamber (10) into two compartments (11, 12); and temporary formation of an electrical treatment field which permeates the cells, wherein an alternating-current impedance measurement takes place on the carrier element (3), and from the result of the alternating-current impedance measurement, a degree of coverage of the carrier element and/or healing of the cells after electrical treatment are/is acquired. Also described are devices for implementing the methods.

Abstract: A method and a device for reducing the humidity of a gas in a housing interior, in particular in a battery housing interior, includes leading a gas through a first selectively permeable membrane and into an intermediate space. The intermediate space has the first selectively permeable membrane as an inlet and a second selectively permeable membrane as an outlet. The gas is then cooled in the intermediate space by a cooling unit such that a water vapor portion of the gas is condensed into water and the gas having a reduced water vapor content is directed through the second selectively permeable membrane into the housing interior.

Abstract: A method of determining a pressure parameter of a plant sample (1) comprises the steps of subjecting the plant sample (1) to a clamp pressure (pclamp) created with a clamp device (10), measuring at least one pressure response value (pp) of the plant sample (1), which depends on the clamp pressure (Pclamp)/and determining the pressure parameter on the basis of the at least one pressure response value (pp), wherein the clamp pressure (pclamp) is adjusted, such that the plant sample (1) has a viscoelastic pressure response to the clamp pressure (pclamp). Furthermore, an apparatus (100) for determining a pressure parameter of a plant sample (1) is described.