Abstract: A process in which a dye film is cast, the film is peeled off from the substrate and stretched monoaxially, the stretched film is applied to a glass film, and the resultant laminate is conditioned at elevated temperature gives composite materials which are highly suitable for the production of optoelectronic instruments.

Abstract: The light-induced modification in a side-chain polymer containing at least one side group whose configuration can be modified induced by light and at least one permanently shape-anisotropic side group can be amplified by warming to a temperature between the glass transition temperature and the clearing point. This effect opens up new aspects for optical data storage.

Abstract: The novel and known stilbene-azo dyestuffs of the formula (I) ##STR1## in which the substituents X and Y have the meaning given in the description, are outstandingly suitable for dyeing and printing cellulose and/or material containing amide groups and for the preparation of inks.

Abstract: Side-group polymers whose permanently shape-anisotropic side groups carry lateral substituents are particularly suitable, owing to their excellent properties, for optical components which can be employed, in particular, in optical data storage and transfer.

Abstract: Cationic 1,3,4-thiadiazole dyestuffs of the formula ##STR1## in which the symbols used have the meaning given in the description, corresponding anhydrobases, processes for the preparation of the cationic 1,3,4-thiadiazole dyestuffs, their use for dyeing and printing various materials and as dichroic dyestuffs in polarizing films, and various materials which comprise such dyestuffs.

Abstract: Flat materials made from a polymer with a backbone and side groups branching off the backbone (side group polymer), which polymer has the following structural features (1) to (3):(1) the side group polymer contains at least one photoinducibly configuration-changing side group;(2) the side group polymer contains at least one permanently conformationally anisotropic side group with high anisotropy of molecular polarisability which differs from (1);(3) the side group polymer contains flexible spacer groups between the backbone and the side groups (1) and (2);wherein the flat material in the glassy state of the side group polymers is optically isotropic, transparent, non-scattering and amorphous before irradiation and, after irradiation, is transparent and durably birefringent and dichroic due to a reversible, photoinduced alignment of the side groups (1) and (2) in the glassy state, may be purposefully modified in terms of their optical properties by the action of light.

Abstract: Novel substrates bearing visible information applied thereto give indiscernible, for example illegible, photocopies when the information applied using colorant combinations of at least one emitting and at least one reflecting colorant whose shades upon viewing without fluorescence being perceived are similar or identical.

Abstract: The invention relates to light-polarizing films based on water-soluble organic polymers, more particularly polyvinyl alcohol (PVAL), which contain one or more dichroic bis-, tris- or tetrakis-azo dyes.

Abstract: A method of identifying different plastics, wherein each plastic is provided with a plurality of fluorescent dyes which differ in terms of their emission frequencies and/or in terms of the duration of their fluorescence, so that a fluorescence pattern, which is distinguished by the duration of the fluorescence and/or by the frequencies occurring, can unambiguously be assigned to each plastic.

Abstract: A process for the production of light-polarizing films containing polyvinyl alcohol, dichroic dye-producing components, optionally other dye-producing components, optionally additives, and optionally surface active compounds, wherein the films comprise two or more layers and said film layers have a sudden change in composition at the layer phase boundaries between at least two layers, and said layers are applied to a substrate by means of a multiple coater.

Abstract: Dyestuffs which in the form of the free acid conform to the formula ##STR1## in which X and Y independently represent --N.dbd.N--R, --CF.sub.3, --CONH.sub.2, --CONHR.sup.1, --CONR.sup.1 R.sup.2, --COOH, --COOR.sup.1, --CN, --NO.sub.2, --NH.sub.2, --NHR.sup.1, --NR.sup.1 R.sup.2, --OH, --OR.sup.1, --R.sup.1 CONH--, --O--CO--R.sup.1, halogen or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic radical, provided that at least one of the radicals X or Y represents --N.dbd.N--R, in whichR represents an aryl or heterocyclic radical, andR.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently represent alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl, which are uninterrupted or interrupted by O, S or both O and S,and in which furthermore the radicals mentioned for R, R.sup.1 and R.sup.

Abstract: Light-polarizing films or foils, preferably based on a vinyl alcohol homopolymer or copolymer, contain dyes corresponding to the following formula ##STR1## in which R, R.sup.1, T.sup.1, T.sup.2, n, X and Z are as defined in the specification.

Abstract: Process for rendering a plastic identifiable by adding 5 to 10,000 ppb of a fluorescent marker to the plastic during or after is manufacture.

Abstract: The present invention relates to light polarizing films containing water-soluble, transparent organic polymers and dichroic dyes capable of fluorescence and to new dichroic dyes.

Abstract: Casting solutions for the production of light-polarizing films or sheets contain, relative to the sum of weights (A)+(B)+(C)+(D)=100% by weight, (A) 30-95% by weight, preferably 40-75% by weight, of water, (B) 1-40% by weight, preferably 4-30% by weight, of vinyl, alcohol polymer, (C) 0.01-5% by weight, preferably 0.02-2% by weight, of the dichroic dyestuff, (D) 0.1-75% by weight, preferably 0.5-50% by weight, of one or several organic compounds from the group consisting of aliphatic polyols having 2-6 C atoms, aliphatic ether polyols having 2-6 C atoms, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl ethers of aliphatic polyols having 2-6 C atoms, aliphatic aminoalcohols having 2-4 C atoms, amides of aliphatic C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -carboxylic acids, and, if desired, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -monoalcohol, and, if desired (E) further additives customary for casting solutions, for example stabilizers, and wherein if using glycerol solely, the weight ratio of glycerol: vinylalcohol polymer is about 0.2-1:1, preferably 0.3-0.5:1.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new process for the preparation of electrically conductive polyheteroaromatics by electrochemical oxidation of oxidatively polymerizable monomeric heteroaromatic compounds; according to the invention, an electrolyte system which consists of monomeric compound, water, polyhydric alcohol and sulphonic acid and/or sulphuric acid half-ester and in which the electrical conductivity displays a minimum is used.

Abstract: Light-polarizing films or sheets, preferably based on vinyl alcohol homopolymers or copolymers contain dyestuffs of the formula ##STR1## in which X and Y have the meanings given in the description.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of electrically conducting polyheteroaromatics by electrochemical oxidation of monomers of heteroaromatic compounds in electrolyte systems containing water, surfactants and/or co-surfactants with deposition of the polyheteroaromatics on the surface of the anode, characterized in that the electrolyte system is a microemulsion consisting of monomeric compound, water, surfactant and co-surfactant.

Abstract: New light-polarizing articles (preferably in film form) are based on a polymer matrix which polarizers based on a polymer matrix which is constructed from polar or nonpolar monomer units or mixtures thereof, characterized in that polyacetylene is included as light-polarizing substance, said polyacetylene being obtained by polymerizing acetylene in solutions of said polymer matrix and thereafter processing the resultant polyacetylene/polymer solutions into polarizers.

Abstract: Dyestuffs of the formula ##STR1## in which X designates OR.sub.2 or a group NHR.sub.2,Y designates H or a group NHR.sub.2 or OR.sub.2,Y' designates H or NHR.sub.1,R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 designate H, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl and if Y or Y' represents H,Q designates aryl, a thienyl radical or a group --OR.sub.2, --NHR.sub.3, --SO.sub.2 R.sub.3, --S--CO--R.sub.3, --CO--SR.sub.3, --SR.sub.3, --CH.dbd.NR.sub.3, --COOR.sub.3, --OCOR.sub.3, --OCOOR.sub.3, --NHCO--OR.sub.3, --O--SO.sub.2 --R.sub.3, --NH--CO--NHR.sub.3, --O--CO--NHR.sub.3, --CHO, --O--CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --OR.sub.3 or --SO.sub.3 R.sub.3,M designates H, halogen or Q,R.sub.3 designates alkyl, aralkyl, cycloalkyl or a heterocyclic radical or a radical Z of the formula ##STR2## wherein R.sub.4 and R.sub.8 denote H, halogen, CF.sub.3, alkyl or alkoxy andR.sub.5 and R.sub.6 denote R.sub.4, --SR.sub.3, --NO.sub.2, --OR.sub.3, --CO.sub.2 R.sub.3, --COR.sub.3, --SCOR.sub.3, --SO.sub.3 R.sub.3, --NHCONHR.sub.3, --OCONHR.sub.3, --OSO.sub.2 R.sub.