Abstract: Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a user equipment (UE) may receive, from a network node, one or more downlink reference signals during a beam training procedure. The UE may estimate, based at least in part on one or more metrics associated with the one or more downlink reference signals received during the beam training procedure, a covariance matrix associated with multiple candidate beam quads used to transmit or receive the one or more downlink reference signals. The UE may select, from among the multiple candidate beam quads, a beam quad that corresponds to a group of four beams to optimize one or more parameters associated with the covariance matrix. The UE may communicate with the network node using the selected beam quad. Numerous other aspects are described.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A user equipment (UE) may be configured to report feedback to a base station to address polarization impairments in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communications. The UE and the base station may establish a communications link using a pair of orthogonally polarized beams, where the pair of polarized beams may be selected based on a beam sweep procedure. The UE may transmit a report to the base station indicating one or more polarization parameters associated with beam pairs identified in the beam sweep procedure, such as one or more orthogonality parameters, one or more polarization parameters relating to one or more beam pairs, or one or more angular spread parameters. Based on the report, the base station may transmit a beam configuration to the UE for polarization MIMO communications.

Abstract: Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a user equipment (UE) may transmit, to a network node, a polarization performance loss indication that is indicative of a loss in polarization performance based on transitioning from a first operating state associated with a first frequency range to a second operating state associated with a second frequency range, wherein the first operating state corresponds to a first antenna configuration and the second operating state corresponds to a second antenna configuration, wherein the first antenna configuration corresponds to a first antenna orientation and the second antenna configuration corresponds to a second antenna orientation. The UE may receive, from the network node, configuration information indicative of at least one communication parameter associated with the at least one antenna array and based on the polarization performance loss indication. Numerous other aspects are described.

Abstract: Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a wireless node may transmit, to another wireless node, information related to one or more properties of a first antenna array associated with the wireless node. The wireless node may receive, from the other wireless node, information related to one or more properties of a second antenna array associated with the other wireless node. The wireless node may communicate with the other wireless node over a wireless link using one or more beams associated with an operating frequency, wherein the operating frequency is based at least in part on the one or more properties of the first antenna array and the one or more properties of the second antenna array. Numerous other aspects are described.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described in which a first device may determine a state change based on a condition associated with communications between the first device and a second device and perform an adjustment for one or more sets of antenna elements of the first device based on the state change. A state change may, for example, include a change of an antenna configuration or a quasi co-location (QCL) configuration of the respective device. Based on determining the state change, the first device may transmit a state change request to the second device. According to the state change request, the second device may perform an adjustment for a set of one or more of its antenna elements. The second device may transmit an indication of an adjustment to the first device, and the first device and the second device may communicate according to the adjustment.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A base station may transmit a synchronization signal block (SSB) burst set including a first set of SSBs transmitted using a first codebook and a second set of SSBs transmitted using a second codebook. In some cases, the first codebook may be configured for beamforming at a first transmission distance range (e.g., for far field transmissions) and the second codebook may be configured for beamforming at a second transmission distance range (e.g., for near field transmissions). Based on transmitting the SSB burst, the base station may receive an indication of a first SSB from the first set or the second set from a user equipment (UE). The base station may then communicate messages to the UE using a transmission beam and codebook associated with the first SSB indicated by the UE.

Abstract: Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a user equipment (UE) may transmit, to a base station, an indication of a beam switching capability of the UE that is based at least in part on an antenna subarray from an antenna array of the UE, and communicate, with the base station, using the antenna subarray in accordance with the beam switching capability of the UE, based at least in part on the indication of the beam switching capability of the UE. Numerous other aspects are provided.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described. A machine learning server may generate a low-dimensional parameter set representing training data for the machine learning server, the training data being associated with one or more communication environments or one or more channel environments, or a combination thereof. The machine learning server may receive, from one or more devices within a communication environment or within a channel environment, or both, a low-dimensional parameter set representing testing data associated with the communication environment or the channel environment, or both. The machine learning server may generate a reproducibility metric according to a correlation between the parameter set representing the training data and the parameter set representing the testing data.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. In some wireless communications systems, a base station may transmit a set of reference signals spanning a channel to a user equipment (UE), where each of the reference signals is associated with one of a set of transmit beams. The UE may measure a signal quality of each of the set of reference signals. In some cases, each measured signal quality may correspond to one of a set of subbands of the channel and one of the set of transmit beams. The UE may then transmit an indication of at least one signal quality associated with one of the set of subbands and one of the set of transmit beams. In some cases, the UE may indicate the at least one signal quality according to a configuration that may be indicated by the base station or selected by the UE.

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure relate to millimeter wave (mmWave) device discovery for relay communication using pseudo-omnidirectional beams. A first user equipment (UE) may transmit a synchronization signal over each pseudo-omnidirectional beam to enable a second UE to discover a presence of the second UE within a range of the first UE. Upon the occurrence of an external event, a base station may either trigger a beam training procedure with the second UE to establish a relay link between the first and second UEs or broadcast a message to all UEs requesting a relay link be established with the first UE. The first and second UEs may then select a directional beam pair link (BPL) for the relay link and establish the relay link to enable information to be relayed between the base station and the first UE via the relay link.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for indication of asymmetric default operating frequencies (DOFs) for bidirectional communications. In one aspect, a first device may report to the second device that the first device is using either a same DOF for communications in different transmission directions or different DOFs for the different transmission directions. Based on the reported DOF(s), the second device may use beam correspondence-based beam relationships on the different transmission directions if the DOFs are the same and resource block allocations for the communications in both transmission directions are closely matched in frequencies. Alternatively, if the DOFs are different for the different transmission directions, the second device may adjust either a codebook parameter or may use an appropriate antenna panel.

Abstract: A sidelink user equipment (UE) receives a group wake-up signal (WUS) from a base station and decodes the group WUS based on zone identification (ID) information of the sidelink UE. A base station transmits a wake-up signal to a group of sidelink user equipments (UEs) and transmits zone ID information to the group. A group wake-up signal parameter is a function of the zone ID information. A base station generates a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) sequence, selects a port for a DMRS, and/or scrambles a control channel or a data channel based on a zone ID of a sidelink UE. A sidelink UE compares a zone ID of the sidelink UE with a zone ID of a neighbor UE and initiates a conditional handover to another cell when the zone ID of the sidelink UE differs from the zone ID of the neighbor UE.

Abstract: Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a network node may communicate, using a first set of active antenna elements of an antenna array, during a first time period. The network node may activate a second set of active antenna elements based on a dynamic antenna set switching scheme, wherein the second set of active antenna elements includes at least one active antenna element not included in the first set, wherein a difference between a first main lobe property and a second main lobe property satisfies a main lobe threshold, and wherein a difference between a first side lobe property and a second side lobe property satisfies a side lobe threshold. The network node may communicate, using the second set of active antenna elements, during a second time period. Numerous other aspects are described.

Abstract: A method for wireless communication at a UE is disclosed herein. The method includes transmitting a first indication of an obstruction of at least a portion of a plurality of antenna elements of the UE. The method includes receiving a second indication of at least two antenna elements of the plurality of antenna elements, where the second indication is based on the first indication and a set of usage patterns of a plurality of UEs. The method includes combining the at least two antenna elements in the plurality of antenna elements based on the second indication. The method includes transmitting or receiving first data or at least one signal via the combined at least two antenna elements.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A user equipment (UE) may transmit a first control message indicating a static or dynamic capability of the UE to support hybrid beamforming and adaptive beam weights-based analog beamforming. The UE may receive a second control message indicating a first set of reference signal resources associated with the hybrid beamforming and a second set of reference signal resources associated with the adaptive beam weights-based analog beamforming. The UE may transmit a first set of reference signals via the first set of reference signal resources and a second set of reference signals via the second set of reference signal resources and, receive, in response, a third control message indicating a rank indicator associated with the hybrid beamforming or the adaptive beam weights-based analog beamforming.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described. In some systems, a user equipment (UE) may transmit, to a network entity, a first signal including a request to update a resolution of a phase shifting operation associated with beam-based communications. The UE may receive, from the network entity, a second signal approving the request. The UE may communicate using a beam according to an updated resolution of the phase shifting operation based on the second signal approving the request. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE may transmit a first signal including a request to suspend a beam refinement process based on the resolution of the phase shifting operation. The UE may receive a second signal approving the request to suspend the beam refinement process. The UE may communicate with the network entity using a beam based on suspending further beam refinement in response to the second signal.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for dynamic polarization combining. The apparatus identifies a first polarization of a first set of antenna elements on a first side of an antenna module having two or more sides. The apparatus identifies a second polarization of a second set of antenna elements on a second side of the antenna module. The apparatus determines, for an antenna layer, a dynamic polarization combination between the first set of antenna elements having the first polarization with the second set of antenna elements having the second polarization. The apparatus communicates with a network node via the antenna module based on the dynamic polarization combination.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A user equipment (UE) may include an L shaped antenna module, which may include a first array of antenna elements in one dimension and a second array of antenna elements in a second dimension. In an L shaped antenna module, antenna element configurations may be used that combine antenna elements across the two sides of the “L”. In some aspects, a UE may dynamically select a configuration of antenna elements of an L shaped antenna module to enhance performance and power consumption. In some aspects, the UE may select whether to use a cross-polarization configuration or a co-polar configuration for the L shaped antenna module.

Abstract: A first wireless device may be configured to achieve diversity gain via beam hopping. In some aspects, the wireless device may configure a beam hopping mode for communications with a second wireless device, the beam hopping mode scheduling the first wireless device to switch between a plurality of candidate beam pairs over a plurality of symbols in accordance with a beam switching pattern, and beamform, during the communication with the second wireless device, a beam of each of the plurality of candidate beams in accordance with the beaming switching pattern.

Abstract: Techniques are provided for enabling user equipment (UE) positioning based on angle estimation in millimeter wave (mmW) bands. An example method for determining a location of a mobile device includes transmitting array gain information to a network entity, the array gain information including beam pattern information based at least in part on a sub-band and a state of the mobile device, receiving one or more reference signals in one or more sub-bands, wherein a receive beam for each of the one or more reference signals is based at least in part on the sub-band the one or more reference signals are being received in, and on a current state of the mobile device, determining measurement values based on the one or more reference signals, and determining the location of the mobile device based at least in part on the measurement values.