Patents by Inventor Visvanathan Ramanathan
Visvanathan Ramanathan has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).
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Patent number: 5196521Abstract: The dyes of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 is hydrogen, halogen or CF.sub.3 and R.sub.2 is substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, where R.sub.2 must not be ethoxycarbonylethyl if R.sub.1 is hydrogen are suitable for the dyeing of polyester material in red hues having very good lightfastness.Type: GrantFiled: June 24, 1991Date of Patent: March 23, 1993Assignee: Ciba-Geigy CorporationInventors: Visvanathan Ramanathan, Angelo D. Casa
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Patent number: 4927865Abstract: Anthraquinones of formula I ##STR1## wherein X is the group --CR.sup.2 R.sup.3 --, where R.sup.2 is H, --CH or C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkyl and R.sup.3 is H or --CN, R.sup.1 is H or C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkyl and R is a direct bond or linear or branched C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 -alkylene which, alone or together with the --CR.sup.2 R.sup.3 -- group, can be interrupted by one or more --O-- when R.sup.2 and/or R.sup.3 are not --CN, and curable compositions comprising (a) an epoxy resin, (b) a hardener if necessary, (c) an anthraquinone of formula I and (d) an amino alcohol. The cured compositions are photosensitive and are suitable for the preparation of coatings and metallic images by electroless metal deposition.Type: GrantFiled: May 12, 1989Date of Patent: May 22, 1990Assignee: Ciba-Geigy CorporationInventors: Rudolf Duthaler, Jurgen Finter, Walter Fischer, Visvanathan Ramanathan
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Patent number: 4924015Abstract: Anthraquinones having .alpha.,.alpha.-(dialkyl)alkyl groups which are functionally substituted, for example by --COOH or --CONH--NH.sub.2, are described. Compositions which contain such anthraquinones, an aminoalcohol and an epoxy resin with or without a hardener are suitable for preparing metallic coatings and images on the cured composition by exposure to light and currentless metal deposition.Type: GrantFiled: June 20, 1988Date of Patent: May 8, 1990Assignee: Ciba-Geigy CorporationInventors: Frederick H. Howell, Rudolf Duthaler, Jurgen Finter, Konrad Oertle, Visvanathan Ramanathan
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Patent number: 4855084Abstract: Anthraquinones of formula I ##STR1## wherein X is the group --CR.sup.2 R.sup.3 --, where R.sup.2 is H, --CN or C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkyl and R.sup.3 is H or --CN, R.sup.1 is H or C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkyl and R is a direct bond or linear or branched C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 -alkylene which, alone or together with the --CR.sup.2 R.sup.3 -- group, can be interrupted by one or more --O-- when R.sup.2 and/or R.sup.3 are not --CN, and curable compositions comprising (a) an epoxy resin, (b) a hardener if necessary, (c) an anthraquinone of formula I and (d) an amino alcohol. The cured compositions are photosensitive and are suitable for the preparation of coatings and metallic images by electroless metal deposition.Type: GrantFiled: June 20, 1988Date of Patent: August 8, 1989Assignee: Ciba-Geigy CorporationInventors: Rudolf Duthaler, Jurgen Finter, Walter Fischer, Visvanathan Ramanathan
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Patent number: 4654384Abstract: Novel water-soluble triazine compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which D and D.sub.1 independently of one another are radicals of diazo components, R and R.sub.1 independently of one another are hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -aklyl, X is a monosubstituted or disubstituted amino group, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy group or an aryloxy group, the symbols Y are basic or cationic groups, which can be identical or different, l is 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 and n is 0 or 1, and the number of basic and/or cationic groups Y in the molecule must be equal to or greater than the number of SO.sub.3 H groups are useful as dyes for dyeing and printing textile materials, leather and in particular, paper. The dyeings have good general fastness properties and the effluents remain colorless.Type: GrantFiled: January 12, 1984Date of Patent: March 31, 1987Assignee: Ciba-Geigy CorporationInventors: Visvanathan Ramanathan, Peter Mockli
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Patent number: 4581445Abstract: There are described novel cationic benzothiazole disazo compounds of the formula ##STR1## K independently of one another are each a coupling component, R independently of one another are each an unsubstituted or substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl group,R.sub.1 independently of one another are each hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, or halogen,X is the direct bond, --(CH.sub.2).sub.y wherein y is a number from 1 to 4, --CH.dbd.CH--, a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a heterocyclic radical, an --NH-alkylene-(C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)--NH-- radical or an --NH-arylene-NH-- radical, andAn is an anion, with the proviso that when the coupling component K is a dimethylaminophenyl radical, the divalent bridge member X is not the --(CH.sub.2).sub.2 -- group are useful for dyeing and printing textile materials, leather and in particular paper. The dyeings obtained have good fastness properties, especially good fastness on paper to light.Type: GrantFiled: September 16, 1983Date of Patent: April 8, 1986Assignee: Ciba-Geigy CorporationInventor: Visvanathan Ramanathan
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Patent number: 4562247Abstract: There are described azo compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein D.sub.1 and D.sub.2 are each the radical of a diazo component, R is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl substituted by C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy or halogen or is phenyl or phenyl substituted by C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, halogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy, and Y is a basic or cationic group. These azo compounds can be used as dyes for dyeing and printing natural and synthetic, cationically dyeing substrates, particularly textile materials and paper.Type: GrantFiled: May 29, 1984Date of Patent: December 31, 1985Assignee: Ciba Geigy CorporationInventor: Visvanathan Ramanathan
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Patent number: 4517358Abstract: Cationic disazo compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein K independently of one another are each a coupling component,R independently of one another are each an unsubstituted or substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl group,R.sub.1 independently of one another are each hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, or halogen, andAn is an anionare useful as dyes, in particular as paper dyes, whereby dyeings fast to water are obtained. The dyeings obtained have very good fastness to light and to wet processing.Disazo compounds of the formula ##STR2## wherein K and R, are as defined above are useful as disperse dyes and as intermediates in the preparation of the above cationic disazo compounds.Type: GrantFiled: September 14, 1982Date of Patent: May 14, 1985Assignee: Ciba-Geigy CorporationInventor: Visvanathan Ramanathan
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Patent number: 4208324Abstract: Azo dyes which are free from acid water-solubilizing groups and correspond to the formula ##STR1## wherein two radicals Z represent groups of the formula --NR'R" and one of the radicals Z represent a group of the formulae --NR'R", OR'" or --S--R'", wherein R', R" and R'"each represents hydrogen, aryl, alkyl, aralkyl, cycloalkyl, an aliphatic or a heterocyclic radical and R' and R" are able to form a ring which contains the amino nitrogen, and the radicals --NR'R" may be the same or different, R is alkyl, substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl or substituted cycloalkyl, n is 1 or 2, Y represents a radical of the formulae --CN or --CONH.sub.2, and D is the radical of an aromatic or heterocyclic diazo component; the nucleus A containing three double bonds if n is 1 and two double bonds if n is 2. The new dyestuffs dye polyester fibres in yellow and red shades.Type: GrantFiled: July 7, 1978Date of Patent: June 17, 1980Assignee: Ciba-Geigy CorporationInventor: Visvanathan Ramanathan
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Patent number: 4179435Abstract: Dyestuffs of the formula ##STR1## wherein D is a heterocyclic diazo component,R.sub.1 is an alkyl radical which may be substituted,R.sub.2 is phenylene or alkylened is hydrogen, chloro, lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, aryl, aryloxy or arylmercapto, andR is an optionally substituted alkyl, aryl or amino group, dye polyester fibers in red and blue shades with good fasteners, and are suitable for use in the thermosol process.Type: GrantFiled: June 22, 1978Date of Patent: December 18, 1979Assignee: Ciba-Geigy CorporationInventor: Visvanathan Ramanathan
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Patent number: 4116965Abstract: A styryl dye devoid of acid, water-solubilizing groups, of the formula ##STR1## wherein two radicals Z represent groups of the formula --NR'R" and one Z represents a group of the formulae --NR'R", --OR'" or --S--R'", in which each of R', R" and R'" represents hydrogen unsubstituted phenyl, substituted phenyl, benzyl, phenylethyl, cyclohexyl, or an aliphatic radical containing up to 8 carbon atoms and R' and R'" are able to form a ring containing the amino nitrogen and the radicals --NR'R" may be the same or different, Y represents a radical of the formula --CN or --CONH.sub.2, and W represents the radical of an organic compound, which contains an active methylene group and which is bonded to the --CH.dbd. group through the carbon atom of the active methylene group, and Z.sub.3 is furthermore an unsubstituted or a substituted hydrocarbon radical containing up to 8 carbon atoms.Type: GrantFiled: November 18, 1976Date of Patent: September 26, 1978Assignee: Ciba-Geigy CorporationInventors: Nalin Binduprasad Desai, Visvanathan Ramanathan
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Patent number: 4115381Abstract: Dyestuffs of the formula ##STR1## wherein D is a diazo component of the benzene series,R.sub.1 is an alkyl radical,R.sub.2 is alkylene andR is alkyl, aryl or di-substituted amino, dye polyester fibers in red and blue shades with good fastness. The dyestuffs can be used in the thermosol process.Type: GrantFiled: September 14, 1976Date of Patent: September 19, 1978Assignee: Ciba-Geigy CorporationInventor: Visvanathan Ramanathan
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Patent number: 4101541Abstract: Azo dyestuffs, free from sulfo groups, containing a 3-cyano-1,2,4-thiadiazole diazo component are disclosed. These dyestuffs are useful in dyeing and printing synthetic fibers, for example, especially polyester fibers and polypropylene fibers which have been metal modified.Type: GrantFiled: October 4, 1976Date of Patent: July 18, 1978Assignee: Ciba-Geigy CorporationInventors: Jean Claude Petitpierre, Visvanathan Ramanathan
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Patent number: 4091025Abstract: A process for the manufacture of 2,4,6-triamino-5-nitro-pyridines of the general formula ##STR1## wherein each of R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 represents a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl, aralkyl or cycloalkyl group or an aliphatic group, and R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4, and R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 together can form a ring which contains the amino-nitrogen, which process comprises(a) aminating a 2-halogeno-3-cyano-4,6-diaminopyridine, preferably 2-bromo-3-cyano-4,6-diamino-pyridine either to give the triaminopyridine of the formula ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and R.sub.Type: GrantFiled: October 7, 1976Date of Patent: May 23, 1978Assignee: Ciba-Geigy AGInventors: Ulrich Schlesinger, Visvanathan Ramanathan
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Patent number: 4084053Abstract: Polycyclic compounds of the general formula I ##STR1## in which the nucleus A can be further substituted, Y is a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted hydrocarbon radical, and R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each denote hydrogen, aryl, aralkyl, cycloalkyl or an aliphatic radical, and R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 can form a ring containing the amine nitrogen and mixtures thereof with one another. The dyestuffs dye natural and synthetic fibres in fast yellow and orange shades.Type: GrantFiled: June 16, 1975Date of Patent: April 11, 1978Assignee: Ciba-Geigy CorporationInventors: Nalin Binduprasad Desai, Visvanathan Ramanathan
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Patent number: 4083688Abstract: Polyester fibers dyed with a disazo dyestuff consisting of two N-phenyl-pyrazole monoazo dyestuff moieties bound to each other via the phenyl groups, said phenyl groups attached to each other by an --O--, --S--, --NH--, cyclohexylidene, C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 -alkylene or --O-(C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 -alkylene)-O- divalent radical.Type: GrantFiled: October 29, 1973Date of Patent: April 11, 1978Assignee: Ciba-Geigy AGInventor: Visvanathan Ramanathan
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Patent number: 4068085Abstract: An azo dyestuff of the formula ##STR1## wherein two of the radicals Z denote groups of the formula --NR'R" and one radical Z denotes a group of the formulae --NR'R", --OR' or --S-R', and R' and R" and R" each denote hydrogen, aryl, aralkyl, cycloalkyl or an aliphatic radical and R' and R" can form a ring containing the amine nitrogen and the radicals --NR'R" can be identical to, or different from, one another, Z.sub.3 is also a hydrogen, chlorine or bromine atom or an optionally substituted hydrocarbon radical and D is the radical of an aromatic or heterocyclic diazo component. The new dyestuffs dye synthetic fibers, such as polyester and acrylic fibers in fast yellow, and red shades.Type: GrantFiled: December 1, 1975Date of Patent: January 10, 1978Assignee: Ciba-Geigy CorporationInventors: Visvanathan Ramanathan, Ulrich Schlesinger, Rene De Montmollin
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Patent number: 4033943Abstract: Water-soluble azo dyes of the formula WHEREIN Y is a fiber-reactive group, n is 1 or 2, m is 0, 1 or 2 and the benzene rings A and B may be further substituted are disclosed. They are useful for dyeing nitrogen-containing fibers and cellulose materials and are distinguished by very bright and brilliant shades, possessing good stability, fastness to light, wet processing and fixation.Type: GrantFiled: February 21, 1975Date of Patent: July 5, 1977Assignee: Ciba-Geigy CorporationInventors: Visvanathan Ramanathan, Angelo Della Casa, Rene DE Montmollin, Gert Hegar, Hans Ulrich Schutz
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Patent number: 4033716Abstract: A process for dyeing and printing hydrophilic fibrous material by the transfer printing process using carriers that are treated with at least one transferable, metallizable dye or color former and optionally a binder that is stable below 230.degree. C, which comprises impregnating the material to be dyed or printed with a solution which containsA. at least one organic solvent with a boiling point higher than 100.degree. C andB. at least one compound that yields complex forming metals, drying the impregnated material and bringing it into contact with the treated carrier, then subjecting both material and carrier to a heat treatment, and subsequently providing the resultant print with an aftertreatment.Type: GrantFiled: October 15, 1974Date of Patent: July 5, 1977Assignee: Ciba-Geigy AGInventors: Raymond Defago, Visvanathan Ramanathan, Gerhard Back
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Patent number: 3971740Abstract: Azo dyestuffs containing at least one group of formula --X--CO--NR--SO.sub.2 aryl, wherein R is hydrogen alkyl or cycloalkyl and X is an oxygen or sulphur atom or a group of formula --NR.sub.1 --, wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen alkyl or cycloalkyl. The dyestuffs dye polyester fibers in fast shades.Type: GrantFiled: March 5, 1974Date of Patent: July 27, 1976Assignee: Ciba-Geigy AGInventors: Nalin Binduprasad Desai, Ponnusami Jayaraman, Visvanathan Ramanathan, Klaus Artz, Navnitrai Nagarji Naik, Walter Jenny