Abstract: Particulate amorphous silica, surfactant, monomer, and an aqueous solvent are brought into mutual contact so that as equilibrium is approached the concentration of the surfactant in the liquid phase is below, at, or slightly above the critical micelle concentration; the monomer is then polymerized to form polymeric film associated with at least a portion of the surface of the particulate amorphous silica, the polymeric film being (i) homopolymer of an aliphatic monomer or (ii) copolymer of at least two different monomers.

Abstract: A statistically large population of particles of amorphous precipitated silica is substantially free of particles of amorphous precipitated silica which are retained on a 20 mesh sieve screen, and is characterized by at least 90 percent by weight of said particles of said population being retained on a 200 mesh sieve screen. Such a population may be produced by cracking amorphous precipitated silica particles between the textured rolls of at least one roll pair.

Abstract: This invention is directed to treating the surfaces of rubber-reinforcing materials with a gas plasma of O.sub.2 and CF.sub.4 to activate the surfaces to make them more receptive to adhesives. Optionally the surfaces of the reinforcing materials may be exposed to a polymerizing gas plasma such as a thio-carbon to coat the surfaces of the reinforcing material with substances that promote adhesion to rubber. The treated surfaces have been shown to adhere directly to rubber when vulcanized in the normal fashion.

Abstract: Fatty acids commonly found in bulk elastomers such as natural rubber and certain synthetic polymers are deactivated by adding a metal oxide to the masterbatch stage where the metal oxide is selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, calcium oxide or mixtures thereof. Amounts range from about 0.1 phr to about 5 phr of calcium oxide, about 0.1 to about 7 phr of aluminum oxide, or about 0.5 to about 5 phr of aluminum oxide plus about 0.05 to 1 phr of calcium oxide. Deactivation of fatty acids improves tack and cure properties.

Abstract: This invention is directed to treating the surfaces of rubber-reinforcing materials with a gas plasma of O.sub.2 and CF.sub.4 to activate the surfaces to make them more receptive to adhesives. Optionally the surfaces of the reinforcing materials may be exposed to a polymerizing gas plasma such as a thio-carbon to coat the surfaces of the reinforcing material with substances that promote adhesion to rubber. The treated surfaces have been shown to adhere directly to rubber when vulcanized in the normal fashion.

Abstract: There is disclosed the use of matrix-antidegradants in rubber and a process for the production of matrix-antidegradants. More specifically, this invention is directed to microparticles of vulcanized rubber containing high levels of para-phenylenediamine type antiozonants which have a particle diameter of 100 microns or less. The matrix-antidegradant or microparticles prepared according to this invention provide long term protection to rubber articles that are subject to ozone and oxygen attack.

Abstract: There is disclosed the use of microencapsulated antidegradants in rubber and a process for the production of microencapsulated antidegradants. More specifically, this invention is directed to the cellulose acetate microencapsulation of para-phenylene diamine based antiozonants at wall to core ratios greater than 1:1 but less than 4:1. The microcapsules preferably have a particle diameter of less than 50 microns. The microencapsulated antidegradant prepared and used according to this invention provides long term protection to rubber articles that are subject to ozone and oxygen attack.

Abstract: This invention is concerned with a process for the surface treatment of a rubber containing ethylenic unsaturation by coating the rubber with an alkyl halide and exposing the thus coated rubber surface to ultraviolet-visible light. Such modification produces a rubber article having reduced air permeability, enhanced ozone protection and improved release properties.

Abstract: A lubricant composed of a siloxane, a fatty acid lubricant, mica and at least one selected thickener and use thereof for curing tires.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for adhering rubber to reinforcing materials which comprises embedding a textile fiber or metal reinforcing material in a vulcanizable rubber composition comprising rubber, a vulcanizing agent, reinforcement, a methylene donor, and a phenolic ester as a methylene acceptor.