Abstract: A method for mitigating modal dispersion in a multimode optical fiber involves launching a diffractionless optical beam, such as a Bessel beam, into a multimode optical fiber. A fiber optical transmission system includes a multimode optical fiber transmission medium having an input end and an output end, an optical signal transmitter in communication with the input end of the multimode optical fiber medium, means for converting the optical signal into a diffractionless optical signal, means for launching the diffractionless optical signal in the input end of the multimode optical fiber transmission medium, means for outputting the propagated optical signal from an output end of the multimode fiber transmission medium, and a receiver that receives the optical signal from the output means.

Abstract: Compositions of specialty fluoroelastomers containing copolymerized units of tetrafluoroethylene, propylene, optionally vinylidene fluoride, and a cure site monomer selected from the group consisting of i) perfluoroalkyl ethylenes and vii) perfluoroalkoxy ethylenes are readily curable with polyhydroxy curing systems. The resulting cured articles have a combination of excellent resistance to alkaline fluids, superior tensile properties and compression set resistance.

Abstract: Compositions of specialty fluoroelastomers containing copolymerized units of tetrafluoroethylene, propylene, optionally vinylidene fluoride, and a cure site monomer selected from the group consisting of i) trifluoroethylene, ii) 3,3,3-trifluoropropene-1, iii) 1,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropylene, iv) 1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoropropylene, and v) 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene are readily curable with polyhydroxy curing systems. The resulting cured articles have a combination of excellent resistance to alkaline fluids, superior tensile properties and compression set resistance.

Abstract: A base resistant, substantially amorphous fluoroelastomer comprising (1) 10-40 mole percent ethylene units, (2) 32-60 mole percent tetrafluoroethylene units, (3) 20-40 mole percent perfluoro ether units selected from the group consisting of perfluoro(alkyl vinyl ethers), perfluoro(alkyl alkenyl ethers) and perfluoro(alkoxy alkenyl ethers), and (4) 0.1 to 15 mole percent of a cure site monomer selected from the group consisting of i) perfluoroalkyl ethylenes and ii) perfluoroalkoxy ethylenes. Such fluoroelastomers may be vulcanized with polyhydroxy curing agents. The resulting vulcanized fluoroelastomers are resistant to attack by amines, strong bases and hydrogen sulfide and possess a combination of good low temperature and high temperature properties and they are resistant to oil swell.

Abstract: A base resistant, substantially amorphous fluoroelastomer comprising (1) 10-40 mole percent ethylene units, (2) 32-60 mole percent tetrafluoroethylene units, (3) 20-40 mole percent perfluoro ether units selected from the group consisting of perfluoro(alkyl vinyl ethers), perfluoro(alkyl alkenyl ethers) and perfluoro(alkoxy alkenyl ethers), and (4) 0.1 to 15 mole percent of a cure site monomer selected from the group consisting of i) 3,3,3-trifluoropropene-1, ii) trifluoroethylene, iii) 1,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropylene, iv) 1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoropropylene, and v) 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene. Such fluoroelastomers may be vulcanized with polyhydroxy curatives. The resulting vulcanized fluoroelastomer compositions are resistant to attack by amines, strong bases and hydrogen sulfide and possess a combination of good low temperature and high temperature properties and they are resistant to oil swell.

Abstract: Compositions containing fluoroelastomers, curative and a fluorinated polyether of the general formula —[CF2CFH—O—Rf—CF2CH2O]n—, wherein n is such that the weight average molecular weight, Mw, is between 2000 and 100,000 and Rf is selected from the group consisting of a) —(CF2)s—, wherein s is 1 to 10; and b) —[CF2CF(CF3)O]t(CF2)u—, wherein u is 1 to 10 and t is 1 to 20, exhibit excellent low temperature properties.

Abstract: Olefinic interpolymer compositions comprising the olefinic interpolymer, residuals from a transition metal catalyst and boron containing activator package, and a charge dissipation modifier and methods for making them. The compositions have dissipation factors that are at least 50% less than the corresponding olefinic interpolymer compositions which have not been treated with charge dissipation modifiers. The compositions are useful in wire and cable applications.

Abstract: Compositions of specialty fluoroelastomers containing copolymerized units of tetrafluoroethylene, propylene, optionally vinylidene fluoride, and a cure site monomer selected from the group consisting of i) trifluoroethylene, ii) 3,3,3-trifluoropropene-1, iii) 1,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropylene, iv) 1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoropropylene, and v) 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene are readily curable with polyhydroxy curing systems. The resulting cured articles have a combination of excellent resistance to alkaline fluids, superior tensile properties and compression set resistance.

Abstract: A base resistant, substantially amorphous fluoroelastomer comprising (1) 10-40 mole percent ethylene units, (2) 32-60 mole percent tetrafluoroethylene units, (3) 20-40 mole percent perfluoro ether units selected from the group consisting of perfluoro(alkyl vinyl ethers), perfluoro(alkyl alkenyl ethers) and perfluoro(alkoxy alkenyl ethers), and (4) 0.1 to 15 mole percent of a cure site monomer selected from the group consisting of i) 3,3,3-trifluoropropene-1, ii) trifluoroethylene, iii) 1,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropylene, iv) 1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoropropylene, and v) 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene. Such fluoroelastomers may be vulcanized with polyhydroxy curatives. The resulting vulcanized fluoroelastomer compositions are resistant to attack by amines, strong bases and hydrogen sulfide and possess a combination of good low temperature and high temperature properties and they are resistant to oil swell.

Abstract: Compositions of specialty fluoroelastomers containing copolymerized units of tetrafluoroethylene, propylene, optionally vinylidene fluoride, and a cure site monomer selected from the group consisting of i) trifluoroethylene, ii) 3,3,3-trifluoropropene-1, iii) 1,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropylene, iv) 1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoropropylene, and v) 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene are readily curable with polyhydroxy curing systems. The resulting cured articles have a combination of excellent resistance to alkaline fluids, superior tensile properties and compression set resistance.

Abstract: A base resistant, substantially amorphous fluoroelastomer comprising (1) 10-40 mole percent ethylene units, (2) 32-60 mole percent tetrafluoroethylene units, (3) 20-40 mole percent perfluoro ether units selected from the group consisting of perfluoro(alkyl vinyl ethers), perfluoro(alkyl alkenyl ethers) and perfluoro(alkoxy alkenyl ethers), and (4) 0.1 to 15 mole percent of a cure site monomer selected from the group consisting of i) 3,3,3-trifluoropropene-1, ii) trifluoroethylene, iii) 1,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropylene, iv) 1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoropropylene, and v) 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene. Such fluoroelastomers may be vulcanized with polyhydroxy curatives. The resulting vulcanized fluoroelastomer compositions are resistant to attack by amines, strong bases and hydrogen sulfide and possess a combination of good low temperature and high temperature properties and they are resistant to oil swell.

Abstract: A base resistant, substantially amorphous fluoroelastomer comprising (1) 10-40 mole percent ethylene units, (2) 32-60 mole percent tetrafluoroethylene units, (3) 20-40 mole percent perfluoro ether units selected from the group consisting of perfluoro(alkyl vinyl ethers), perfluoro(alkyl alkenyl ethers) and perfluoro(alkoxy alkenyl ethers), and (4) 0.1 to 15 mole percent of a cure site monomer selected from the group consisting of i) perfluoroalkyl ethylenes and ii) perfluoroalkoxy ethylenes. Such fluoroelastomers may be vulcanized with polyhydroxy curing agents. The resulting vulcanized fluoroelastomers are resistant to attack by amines, strong bases and hydrogen sulfide and possess a combination of good low temperature and high temperature properties and they are resistant to oil swell.

Abstract: Compositions of specialty fluoroelastomers containing copolymerized units of tetrafluoroethylene, propylene, optionally vinylidene fluoride, and a cure site monomer selected from the group consisting of i) perfluoroalkyl ethylenes and vii) perfluoroalkoxy ethylenes are readily curable with polyhydroxy curing systems. The resulting cured articles have a combination of excellent resistance to alkaline fluids, superior tensile properties and compression set resistance.

Abstract: Perfluoroelastomer compositions comprising perfluoroelastomers having copolymerized units of tetrafluoroethylene, a perfluoro(vinyl ether), and a nitrile-containing cure site monomer are cured with certain nitrogen-containing nucleophilic compounds. The nucleophilic compounds also act as dual curatives in perfluoroelastomer compositions which incorporate other curing agents.

Abstract: Fluoroelastomers which contain copolymerized units of a fluoroolefin cure site monomer of the general formula: Rf—(CH2CF2)n—CH═CF2, wherein Rf is a C1-C6 perfluoroalkyl group or a C1-C6 perfluoroalkoxy group and n is an integer from 1-3, exhibit excellent physical properties and processability when cured with polyhydroxy compounds.

Abstract: Compositions of specialty fluoroelastomers containing copolymerized units of tetrafluoroethylene, propylene, optionally vinylidene fluoride, and a cure site monomer selected from the group consisting of i) trifluoroethylene, ii) 3,3,3-trifluoropropene-1, iii) 1,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropylene, iv) 1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoropropylene, and v) 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene are readily curable with polyhydroxy curing systems. The resulting cured articles have a combination of excellent resistance to alkaline fluids, superior tensile properties and compression set resistance.

Abstract: The maduraphthalazine derivatives of the formula (4) are able to inhibit the effect of the cytokines interleukin-2, interleukin-4 and interleukin-5 and are suitable for the production of pharmaceuticals.

Abstract: Copolymers having copolymerized units of vinylidene fluoride, perfluoro(alkyl vinyl) ether, 2-hydropentafluoropropene, and, optionally, tetrafluoroethylene, exhibit excellent low temperature properties and processability when cured with polyhydroxy compounds or amines.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a novel class of fluorovinyl ether monomers which are useful as cure site monomers in fluoroelastomers, a process for the preparation of these fluorovinyl ether monomers, and fluoroelastomer copolymer compositions that contain copolymerized units of these fluorovinyl ether monomers.

Abstract: Copolymers having copolymerized units of vinylidene fluoride, perfluoro(alkyl vinyl) ether, 2-hydropentafluoropropene, and, optionally, tetrafluoroethylene, exhibit excellent low temperature properties and processability when cured with polyhydroxy compounds or amines.