Abstract: An operating method of a wireless communication device for communicating with a plurality of communication target devices, may include calculating a plurality of azimuth angles between the plurality of communication target devices and the wireless communication device, respectively, calculating a plurality of communication distances between the plurality of communication target devices and the wireless communication device, respectively, sorting the plurality of communication target devices based on the plurality of azimuth angles and the plurality of communication distances, grouping the sorted plurality of communication target devices into a plurality of user clusters, and generating, based on the plurality of user clusters, a wireless signal to be transmitted to the plurality of communication target devices.

Abstract: An operating method of a wireless communication device may include calculating a plurality of azimuth angles between a plurality of communication target devices and the wireless communication device, respectively, calculating a plurality of communication distances between the plurality of communication target devices and the wireless communication device, respectively, sorting the plurality of communication target devices, based on the plurality of azimuth angles and the plurality of communication distances, respectively, determining a plurality of beamforming matrixes on the sorted plurality of communication target devices, respectively, and generating a wireless signal which is to be transmitted to the plurality of communication target devices, based on the plurality of beamforming matrixes, respectively.

Abstract: A communication method and device may compensate for temporal broadening in a communication system. An operation method of a first communication node in a communication system, in the present disclosure, may include the steps of: transmitting, on a preset cycle, a first signal block including a pilot signal; receiving temporal broadening information about the pilot signal from a second communication node; allocating a communication resource to the second communication node on the basis of the temporary broadening information if communication with the second communication node is required; and communicating with the second communication node by using the allocated communication resource.

Abstract: Disclosed is a beam failure recovery method of a base station in a wireless communication system using an RIS. The beam failure recovery method may include configuring a candidate beam set, based on a measured RSRP value in beam sweeping using an antenna, establishing a communication link with a UE through a main beam having the measured RSRP value exceeding a predetermined threshold in the configured candidate beam set, selecting a beam, based on the measured RSRP value, from an SSB to which the main beam belongs and an SSB to which the main beam does not belong when beam failure occurs in the established communication link, and recovering the beam failure with the UE through the selected beam. Accordingly, beam failure recovery may be more effectively performed.

Abstract: An operation method of a first communication node in a communication system may include the steps of: transmitting, to a second communication node, a first indication including information about one or more repeaters; transmitting a first signal group corresponding to the one or more repeaters to the second communication node through the one or more repeaters; receiving, from the second communication node, a first response including a measurement result for the first signal group; determining a first repeater from among the one or more repeaters on the basis of the first response; determining beam combination information for one or more beam combinations between the first communication node, the first repeater, and the second communication node; and performing wireless communication with the first repeater and the second communication node.

Abstract: A method for beam adjustment in a base station disclosed herein may comprise the steps of allocating a first resource for transmitting candidate beams determined on the basis of the number of sweeps and the number of subcarriers of which beams are squinted in an angle search space; transmitting, to a terminal, first resource information indicating the allocated first resource; mapping beam indexes to each of the candidate beams; transmitting, to the terminal, information about the beam indexes mapped to each of the candidate beams; transmitting a reference signal by using the first resource; receiving reception quality information for the reference signal from the terminal; and determining a transmission beam on the basis of the reception quality information.

Abstract: A conversation generation system of a robot according to one embodiment may perform operations of acquiring, by the robot, the speech and image of an uttering user; encoding, by the robot, the speech and the image to generate emotional semantic information, and encoding the speech to generate contextual semantic information to transmit the contextual semantic information and the emotional semantic information to the LLM server; decoding, by the LLM server, the emotional semantic information to extract the user's emotional information derivable from the speech and the image, decoding the contextual semantic information to extract contextual information including text included in the speech, and applying a RAG technique to the emotional information and the contextual information to generate augmented information; inputting, by the LLM server, the emotional information, the contextual information, and the augmentation information into an LLM model to derive a response of the LLM model to the contextual informati

Abstract: A method for operating a first communication node in a communication system includes the steps of: receiving a first command from a second communication node; identifying reference frequency information for determining, on the basis of the received first command, a lens to be applied to a first antenna that is included in the first communication node and includes a plurality of antenna elements; receiving first scheduling information indicating that a first signal is to be transmitted to the first communication node; determining, on the basis of the first scheduling information, a first frequency at which the first signal is transmitted; determining a first lens on the basis of the reference frequency information and the first frequency; and receiving a first signal incident on at least some of the plurality of antenna elements after being refracted from the first antenna through the first lens.

Abstract: An operation method of a first communication node may comprise the steps of: receiving, from a first transmission and reception point (TRP) and a second TRP, information of one or more candidate beams of each of the first TRP and the second TRP; transmitting, to the first TRP, the information of the one or more candidate beams of the second TRP; transmitting, to the second TRP, the information of the one or more candidate beams of the first TRP; receiving information of one or more beam combinations from the first TRP; transmitting, to the first TRP, information related to first measurement values for each beam combination corresponding to each of the one or more beam combinations; and receiving information of a first beam combination selected in the first TRP on the basis of the transmitted information related to the first measurement values for each beam combination.

Abstract: A terminal according to an embodiment disclosed herein may include the steps of: receiving a report request message including TRP selection criteria information from a first TRP communicating with the terminal through a first resource; checking whether first information to be inquired of a second TRP indicated in the received TRP selection criteria information is included; and transmitting a first request message requesting the first information in the received TRP selection criteria information to the second TRP when the first information to be inquired of a second TEP is included.

Abstract: Disclosed is a beam failure recovery method of a base station in a wireless communication system using an RIS. The beam failure recovery method may include configuring a candidate beam set, based on a measured RSRP value in beam sweeping using an antenna, establishing a communication link with a UE through a main beam having the measured RSRP value exceeding a predetermined threshold in the configured candidate beam set, selecting a beam, based on the measured RSRP value, from an SSB to which the main beam belongs and an SSB to which the main beam does not belong when beam failure occurs in the established communication link, and recovering the beam failure with the UE through the selected beam. Accordingly, beam failure recovery may be more effectively performed.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method of a first TRP, and the method may comprise the steps of: when a beam failure recovery request is received from a communicating terminal, identifying whether the first TRP is connected through a backhaul to a second TRP communicating with the terminal; if the first TRP is not connected through the backhaul to the second TRP, transmitting, to the terminal, a first message including the beam indexes of candidate beams between the first TRP and the terminal; in response to the first message, receiving a first report message including beam index-related information from the terminal; and determining a beam index to be used for communication with the terminal, on the basis of the beam index-related information.

Abstract: A method for operation of a first communication node in an embodiment of a communication system may include the steps of: from among a plurality of transmission antenna elements constituting a first transmission antenna of the first communication node, determining a transmission candidate antenna group including one or more transmission antenna elements via which a wireless signal may be transmitted in the direction of a second communication node through a first lens; receiving information regarding a reception candidate antenna group from the second communication node; determining one or more antenna element combinations on the basis of the one or more transmission antenna elements included in the transmission candidate antenna group and one or more reception antenna elements included in the reception candidate antenna group; and performing, on the basis of the one or more antenna element combinations, wireless communication with the second communication node.

Abstract: A method of handling an external abnormality in an autonomous driving system, performed in a device including a memory and a processor electrically connected to the memory, includes collecting physical situation information outside an autonomous vehicle from at least one sensor installed in the autonomous vehicle through the processor, repeatedly performing a physical situation perception operation for a preset critical time through the processor, selecting one of a plurality of operation modes according to a result of the physical situation perception operation and generating a route plan for the autonomous vehicle through the processor, and controlling driving of the autonomous vehicle according to the route plan through the processor.

Abstract: An electronic device according to various embodiments comprises: a memory including instructions; and a processor that is electrically connected to the memory and executes the instructions. When the instructions are executed by the processor, the processor may: acquire a first traffic feature vector and a second traffic feature vector on the basis of traffic data generated in a wireless network device during a plurality of time intervals; generate a combined feature vector by combining the first traffic feature vector and the second traffic feature vector; and acquire predicted traffic data, to be generated in the wireless network device, on the basis of the combined feature vector. Various other embodiments are possible.

Abstract: Provided are a device for performing wireless communication to increase a data rate in a wireless communication system, an operating method of the device, and a wireless communication system including the device. A second device includes second antennas configured to transmit and receive radio frequency (RF) signals to and from a first device including first antennas in a wireless communication system, at least one RF chain configured to transmit and receive the RF signals to and from the second antennas, and a processing circuit configured to transmit and receive data signals to and from the at least one RF chain, wherein the processing circuit is further configured to adjust a spacing between the second antennas between the number of the first antennas, the number of the second antennas, and the number of the data signals.

Abstract: Disclosed are a distributed matrix multiplication operation method and apparatus based on frame quantization, and a method and apparatus for performing distributed matrix multiplication operation in a plurality of computing nodes using coded computing based on frame quantization. In this way, high-dimensional matrix multiplication processing performance is improved.

Abstract: A method for a first communication node may include calculating a time delay value on the basis of a carrier frequency based on the number of antenna panels, the number of antennas of each antenna panel, and a space layer that can be generated using a plurality of antennas. The method may also include generating a frequency-dependent first phase shift matrix (PSM) according to each subcarrier by using the calculated time delay value. The method may also include multiplying the first PSM by a basic codebook so as to generate a first codebook for compensating for a beam squint of a beam generated through each antenna.

Abstract: A method for operation of a first communication node in an embodiment of a communication system may include the steps of: from among a plurality of transmission antenna elements constituting a first transmission antenna of the first communication node, determining a transmission candidate antenna group including one or more transmission antenna elements via which a wireless signal may be transmitted in the direction of a second communication node through a first lens; receiving information regarding a reception candidate antenna group from the second communication node; determining one or more antenna element combinations on the basis of the one or more transmission antenna elements included in the transmission candidate antenna group and one or more reception antenna elements included in the reception candidate antenna group; and performing, on the basis of the one or more antenna element combinations, wireless communication with the second communication node.

Abstract: An operation method of a first communication node in a communication system may include the steps of: transmitting, to a second communication node, a first indication including information about one or more repeaters; transmitting a first signal group corresponding to the one or more repeaters to the second communication node through the one or more repeaters; receiving, from the second communication node, a first response including a measurement result for the first signal group; determining a first repeater from among the one or more repeaters on the basis of the first response; determining beam combination information for one or more beam combinations between the first communication node, the first repeater, and the second communication node; and performing wireless communication with the first repeater and the second communication node.