Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor includes a conductive substrate and a photosensitive layer disposed on the conductive substrate. An outermost surface layer of the electrophotographic photoreceptor contains a fluorine-containing resin particle and a fluorine-based graft polymer having a fluorinated alkyl group. A ratio of an amount of a fluorine-based graft polymer separated from the fluorine-containing resin particle to a total amount of the fluorine-based graft polymer in the outermost surface layer is 15% or less.

Abstract: A thermoelectric conversion element includes: a thermoelectric conversion layer containing a thiophene polymer, in which a peak intensity of a diffraction angle (2?) of 7.9° is 5 times or more a peak intensity of a diffraction angle (2?) of 25.8° in an X-ray diffraction spectrum of the thermoelectric conversion layer.

Abstract: A dispersant-attached polytetrafluoroethylene particle includes a polytetrafluoroethylene particle; and a dispersant that contains a fluorine atom and is attached to a surface of the polytetrafluoroethylene particle. The dispersant-attached polytetrafluoroethylene particle has a particle size distribution index [D50-D10] of 50 nm or more.

Abstract: A dispersant attached polytetrafluoroethylene particle on whose surface a dispersant having a fluorine atom is attached has a content of perfluorooctanoic acid of from 0 ppb to 25 ppb with respect to the polytetrafluoroethylene particle, and a composition contains a polytetrafluoroethylene particle and a dispersant having a fluorine atom in which a content of perfluorooctanoic acid is from 0 ppb to 25 ppb with respect to the polytetrafluoroethylene particle.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an equipment monitoring system includes an imager and a processor. For an equipment repeating a first operation, the imager repeatedly acquires a first image of the equipment imaged at a first timing of the first operation. When a new first image is acquired, the processor determines an abnormality of the equipment included in the new first image based on multiple previous first images.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor includes a conductive substrate and a photosensitive layer disposed on the conductive substrate. An outermost surface layer of the electrophotographic photoreceptor contains fluorine-containing resin particles and a fluorine-containing graft polymer having a fluorinated alkyl group. In an infrared absorption spectrum of the fluorine-containing graft polymer, a ratio of a peak area in a wavenumber range of from 1,020 cm?1 to 1,308 cm?1 to a peak area in a wavenumber range of from 1,673 cm?1 to 1,779 cm?1 is 2.7 or more and 4.8 or less.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor includes a conductive substrate and a photosensitive layer on the conductive substrate. The outermost surface layer of the electrophotographic photoreceptor contains fluorine-containing resin particles, a fluorine graft polymer, and an acidic compound having an acid dissociation constant (pKa) of 3 or less in water at 25° C. The amount of the acidic compound relative to the outermost surface layer is 100 ppm or more and 10000 ppm or less.

Abstract: A composition for forming a metallic luster film, includes: a thiophene polymer, in which a total content of an Fe atom, a Cu atom, an Mn atom, a Cr atom, and a Ce atom in the composition for forming a metallic luster film is 1500 ppm or less with respect to the thiophene polymer.

Abstract: A positioning member is a carrier positioning member that is fixed to a base and that positions, on the base, a carrier storing a plurality of plate-shaped loads such that front faces or rear faces thereof face the base. The positioning member comprises two front-side stoppers that come into contact with two opening edge parts being end parts of an opening in the carrier, and restrict movement of the carrier to a front side, and two rear-side stoppers that come into contact with two plate-shaped end parts formed on a rear side in the carrier, and restrict movement of the carrier to the rear side and movement in a direction vertical to the base.

Abstract: An electrode includes a living body contact portion that is to be in contact with a living body and that contains a rubber material and at least one carbon material selected from carbon nanotubes and graphene. The ratio of the volume resistivity of the living body contact portion to the surface resistivity of the living body contact portion is 1.2 or more. The amount of the carbon material in the living body contact portion is 3 parts by mass or more and 20 parts by mass or less relative to 100 parts by mass of the rubber material, or the living body contact portion has a 25% compression hardness of 20 kPa or more and 110 kPa or less.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor includes a conductive substrate and a photosensitive layer disposed on the conductive substrate. An outermost surface layer of the electrophotographic photoreceptor contains a fluorine-based graft polymer and a fluorine-containing resin particle. The fluorine-based graft polymer includes at least a first structural unit that does not have an acidic group with a pKa of 3 or less but has a fluorine atom, a second structural unit derived from a macromonomer, and a third structural unit having the acidic group with a pKa of 3 or less.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor includes a conductive substrate and a photosensitive layer disposed on the conductive substrate. An outermost surface layer of the electrophotographic photoreceptor contains a fluorine-containing resin particle and a fluorine-based graft polymer having a fluorinated alkyl group. A ratio of an amount of a fluorine-based graft polymer separated from the fluorine-containing resin particle to a total amount of the fluorine-based graft polymer in the outermost surface layer is 15% or less.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor includes a conductive substrate and a photosensitive layer disposed on the conductive substrate. An outermost surface layer of the electrophotographic photoreceptor contains a fluorine-based graft polymer and a fluorine-containing resin particle. The fluorine-based graft polymer includes at least a first structural unit that does not have an acidic group with a pKa of 3 or less but has a fluorine atom, a second structural unit derived from a macromonomer, and a third structural unit having the acidic group with a pKa of 3 or less.

Abstract: A conductive member contains silicone rubber and a conductive agent. The total content of cyclic dimethylpolysiloxane having 3 to 24 silicon atoms in the conductive member is 5000 ppm or less.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor includes a conductive substrate; a photosensitive layer provided on the conductive substrate; and an undercoating layer that is provided between the conductive substrate and the photosensitive layer and includes a charge transport material containing at least one of imide compounds represented by Formula (1) or (2): (in Formulas (1) and (2), R10, R11, R20 or R21 independently represents a group represented by Formula (3) or (4) where X represents a monovalent organic group having at least one of an alkyl group, an alkylene group, an ether group, an ester group, and a keto group, a halogen atom, a nitro group, an aralkyl group, or an aryl group, Y represents a sulfur atom or an oxygen atom, n represents an integer of 0 to 2, and when n represents 2, two X's may be the same or different), and an imide compound is represented by Formula (1A) where Ar represents an aromatic group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms except for a tetravalent perylene group, X1 and X2 each independ

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a solid polyaluminoxane composition suitably used as a cocatalyst and a catalyst carrier in combination with an olefin oligomerization or polymerization catalyst, without the use of solid inorganic carriers such as silica. The solid polyaluminoxane composition of the invention includes a polyalkylaluminoxane and a trialkylaluminum, and has a solubility in n-hexane at 25° C. of less than 0.50 mol % as measured by a specific method (i), a solubility in toluene at 25° C. of less than 1.0 mol % as measured by a specific method (ii), and a 13 mol % or more molar fraction of alkyl groups derived from the trialkylaluminum moieties relative to the total number of moles of alkyl groups derived from the polyalkylaluminoxane moieties and the alkyl groups derived from the trialkylaluminum moieties as measured with respect to tetrahydrofuran-d8 soluble components by a specific method (iii).

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor includes a conductive substrate, an undercoating layer that is disposed on the conductive substrate, and a photosensitive layer that is disposed on the undercoating layer, in which the undercoating layer contains at least one perinone compound selected from the group consisting of the compounds represented by Formulas (1) and (2), and at least one acceptor compound selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by Formula (3) to (15) which are shown in the specification.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor includes a conductive substrate, an undercoating layer, and a photosensitive layer. The undercoating layer that is provided on the conductive substrate and includes a binder resin and a charge transporting material. The binder resin includes a resin obtained by polymerizing a diallyl phthalate compound. The photosensitive layer that is provided on the undercoating layer.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a photoreceptor photoreceptor having an outermost surface layer that contains polytetrafluoroethylene particles and a dispersant containing fluorine atoms and has a perfluorooctanoic acid content of 25 ppb or less relative to the polytetrafluoroethylene particles; and a transfer device that includes an intermediate transfer body having a surface onto which a toner image is transferred, a first transfer device that performs first transfer that involves transferring the toner image on the surface of the photoreceptor onto the surface of the intermediate transfer body, and a second transfer device that performs second transfer that involves transferring the toner image on the surface of the intermediate transfer body onto a surface of a recording medium, the second transfer device having a second transfer member having a surface with a hexadecane contact angle of 30 degrees or more.

Abstract: A quality monitoring system according to an embodiment includes an imager, an inspector, and a processor. The imager repeatedly acquires a first image of an equipment. The equipment repeats a first operation processing a workpiece. The first image is of the equipment imaged at a first timing of the first operation. The inspector inspects a quality of the workpiece after processing. The processor decides, based on a plurality of the first images, an evaluation of the equipment imaged in each of the first images. The processor analyzes a correlation between a plurality of the evaluations and a plurality of the qualities.