Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor includes a conductive substrate, an undercoating layer that is disposed on the conductive substrate, and a photosensitive layer that is disposed on the undercoating layer, in which the undercoating layer contains at least one perinone compound selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by Formula (1) and a compound represented by Formula (2) which are shown below, and polyurethane, contains at least one perinone compound selected from the group consisting of the compounds represented by Formulas (1) and (2), and at least one acceptor compound selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by Formula (3) to (15) which are shown in the specification, or contains a resin obtained by polymerizing a diallyl phthalate compound and a charge transporting material.

Abstract: A fluorine-containing resin particle contains 0 or more and 30 or less carboxyl groups per 106 carbon atoms and 0 ppm or more and 3 ppm or less of a basic compound.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor includes a conductive substrate and a photosensitive layer disposed on the conductive substrate. An outermost surface layer of the electrophotographic photoreceptor contains fluorine-containing resin particles and a fluorine-containing graft polymer having a fluorinated alkyl group. In an infrared absorption spectrum of the fluorine-containing graft polymer, a ratio of a peak area in a wavenumber range of from 1,020 cm?1 to 1,308 cm?1 to a peak area in a wavenumber range of from 1,673 cm?1 to 1,779 cm?1 is 2.7 or more and 4.8 or less.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor includes a conductive substrate; an undercoat layer on the conductive substrate, the undercoat layer containing at least one perinone compound selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by general formula (1) and a compound represented by general formula (2) below, metal oxide particles of at least one type selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide particles, iron oxide particles, copper oxide particles, magnesium oxide particles, calcium oxide particles, and silicon dioxide particles, and a binder resin, the undercoat layer having a thickness of 1 ?m or more and 10 ?m or less; and a photosensitive layer on the undercoat layer.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor includes a conductive substrate and a photosensitive layer disposed on the conductive substrate.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor includes a conductive substrate, an undercoat layer on the conductive substrate, and a photosensitive layer on the undercoat layer. The undercoat layer contains at least one perinone compound selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by general formula (1) below and a compound represented by general formula (2) below, an amine compound (A) having an ionization potential of 5.4 eV or more and 5.

Abstract: A dispersant-attached polytetrafluoroethylene particle includes a polytetrafluoroethylene particle and a dispersant that attaches to a surface of the polytetrafluoroethylene particle and contains a fluorine atom. The particle size distribution index [D50-D10] is less than 50 nm and the electrical conductivity is 7 ?S/cm or less.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor includes a conductive substrate, an undercoating layer that is disposed on the conductive substrate, and a photosensitive layer that is disposed on the undercoating layer, in which the undercoating layer contains at least one perinone compound selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by Formula (1) and a compound represented by Formula (2) which are shown below, and polyurethane, contains at least one perinone compound selected from the group consisting of the compounds represented by Formulas (1) and (2), and at least one acceptor compound selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by Formula (3) to (15) which are shown in the specification, or contains a resin obtained by polymerizing a diallyl phthalate compound and a charge transporting material.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a toner image forming device that includes a photoreceptor and forms a toner image on a surface of the photoreceptor, the photoreceptor having an outermost surface layer that contains polytetrafluoroethylene particles and a dispersant containing fluorine atoms and has a perfluorooctanoic acid content of 25 ppb or less relative to the polytetrafluoroethylene particles; and a transfer device that includes an intermediate transfer body having a hexadecane contact angle of 30 degrees or more at a surface and transfers a toner image on the surface of the photoreceptor onto a recording medium via the intermediate transfer body.

Abstract: A dispersant-attached polytetrafluoroethylene particle includes a polytetrafluoroethylene particle; and a dispersant that contains a fluorine atom and is attached to a surface of the polytetrafluoroethylene particle. The dispersant-attached polytetrafluoroethylene particle has a particle size distribution index [D50-D10] of 50 nm or more.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor includes a conductive substrate; a photosensitive layer provided on the conductive substrate; and an undercoating layer that is provided between the conductive substrate and the photosensitive layer and includes a charge transport material containing at least one of imide compounds represented by Formula (1) or (2): (in Formulas (1) and (2), R10, R11, R20 or R21 independently represents a group represented by Formula (3) or (4) where X represents a monovalent organic group having at least one of an alkyl group, an alkylene group, an ether group, an ester group, and a keto group, a halogen atom, a nitro group, an aralkyl group, or an aryl group, Y represents a sulfur atom or an oxygen atom, n represents an integer of 0 to 2, and when n represents 2, two X's may be the same or different), and an imide compound is represented by Formula (1A) where Ar represents an aromatic group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms except for a tetravalent perylene group, X1 and X2 each independ

Abstract: An endless belt includes a polyamide imide resin layer in which a content of at least one solvent selected from a solvent group A consisting of a urea solvent, an alkoxy group-containing amide solvent, and an ester group-containing amide solvent is from 0.005 parts by weight to 3 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyamide imide resin layer.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an equipment monitoring system includes an imager and a processor. For an equipment repeating a first operation, the imager repeatedly acquires a first image of the equipment imaged at a first timing of the first operation. When a new first image is acquired, the processor determines an abnormality of the equipment included in the new first image based on multiple previous first images.

Abstract: A dispersant attached polytetrafluoroethylene particle on whose surface a dispersant having a fluorine atom is attached has a content of perfluorooctanoic acid of from 0 ppb to 25 ppb with respect to the polytetrafluoroethylene particle, and a composition contains a polytetrafluoroethylene particle and a dispersant having a fluorine atom in which a content of perfluorooctanoic acid is from 0 ppb to 25 ppb with respect to the polytetrafluoroethylene particle.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor includes a conductive substrate; a photosensitive layer provided on the conductive substrate; and an undercoating layer that is provided between the conductive substrate and the photosensitive layer and includes a charge transport material containing at least one of imide compounds represented by Formula (1) or (2): (in Formulas (1) and (2), R10, R11, R20, or R21 independently represents a group represented by Formula (3) or (4) where X represents a monovalent organic group having at least one of an alkyl group, an alkylene group, an ether group, an ester group, and a keto group, a halogen atom, a nitro group, an aralkyl group, or an aryl group, Y represents a sulfur atom or an oxygen atom, n represents an integer of 0 to 2, and when n represents 2, two X's may be the same or different), and an imide compound is represented by Formula (1A) where Ar represents an aromatic group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms except for a tetravalent perylene group, X1 and X2 each indepen

Abstract: A titanium oxide particle surface-treated with a silane compound having a hydrocarbon group has absorption at a wavelength of about 400 nm or more and about 800 nm or less in an ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum, and has an absorption peak at a wave number of about 2700 cm?1 or more and about 3000 cm?1 or less in an infrared absorption spectrum.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor includes a conductive substrate; a photosensitive layer provided on the conductive substrate; and an undercoating layer that is provided between the conductive substrate and the photosensitive layer and includes a charge transport material containing at least one of imide compounds represented by Formula (1) or (2): (in Formulas (1) and (2), R10, R11, R20, or R21 independently represents a group represented by Formula (3) or (4) where X represents a monovalent organic group having at least one of an alkyl group, an alkylene group, an ether group, an ester group, and a keto group, a halogen atom, a nitro group, an aralkyl group, or an aryl group, Y represents a sulfur atom or an oxygen atom, n represents an integer of 0 to 2, and when n represents 2, two X's may be the same or different), and an imide compound is represented by Formula (1A) where Ar represents an aromatic group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms except for a tetravalent perylene group, X1 and X2 each indepen

Abstract: A quality monitoring system according to an embodiment includes an imager, an inspector, and a processor. The imager repeatedly acquires a first image of an equipment. The equipment repeats a first operation processing a workpiece. The first image is of the equipment imaged at a first timing of the first operation. The inspector inspects a quality of the workpiece after processing. The processor decides, based on a plurality of the first images, an evaluation of the equipment imaged in each of the first images. The processor analyzes a correlation between a plurality of the evaluations and a plurality of the qualities.

Abstract: A silica particle includes a silica particle body and a titania coating layer formed on a surface of the silica particle body through a reaction of a titanium compound having a structure in which a hydrocarbon group bonds to a titanium atom through an oxygen atom. The silica particle has absorption at a wavelength of about 400 nm or more and about 800 nm or less in an ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum.

Abstract: An endless belt includes a polyimide resin layer containing a polyimide resin containing two or more components derived from tetracarboxylic dianhydrides and/or two or more components derived from diamine compounds; and at least one solvent selected from a solvent group A consisting of urea-based solvents, alkoxy-group-containing amide-based solvents, and ester-group-containing amide-based solvents in an amount of from about 50 ppm to about 2,000 ppm.