Abstract: The present invention utilizes an upper and a midsole which is disposed in a conventional manner below the upper. The midsole includes an elastomeric material and has a number of spaced-apart horizontal tubes extending the width of the midsole which are encapsulated in the elastomeric material. The tubes are hollow and lay side by side in a direction either perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the shoe, parallel to the axis, or in any other direction functional for foot and shoe mechanics. The elastomeric material has a hardness less than the tubes and fills the space between the tubes. To visualize the midsole, a transparent window may be utilized.

Abstract: An electro hydraulic system for controlling a hydraulic function includes a pump and a reservoir connected to the function through a manually operable, electro-hydraulic control valve. The valve is positionable to either side of a neutral ports blocked position and may be held to one side by the engaging of a spring loaded detent. The detent is disengaged by an electrical signal produced by a comparator when a preset, operator-controlled, limiting signal is equalled by a feed back sensor signal proportional to the output of the function. The system will allow initial activation of the valve to provide continuous operation of the function until the limiting input is reached at which time the function will be stopped. The system further provides manual override of the electrical control system to permit operation of the valve when the feedback signal is greater than the limiting input signal.

Abstract: A cryosurgical probe has a refrigerant supply conduit for conducting refrigerant to the hollow thermally-conductive probe tip. A refrigerant exhaust conduit extends through the probe into the tip and the end of the exhaust conduit in the tip is positioned a selected distance proximally of the end of the supply conduit. Thus, when refrigerant flows through the supply conduit to the tip, it tends to follow a flow path taking it more or less directly to the exhaust conduit. This creates a dead gas space inside the tip proximally of the end of the exhaust conduit, thereby minimizing direct cooling of portions of the probe adjacent to and proximally of the dead gas space and confining the freeze zone distal to that space. By adjusting the height of the exhaust conduit end proximally of the supply conduit end, the size of the freeze zone at the tip can be controlled. Further, if the probe has a defrost mode, defrost is enhanced because only the working end of the tip need be warmed.