Abstract: A VCSEL transmitter includes a first VCSEL terminal disposed on a substrate and a second VCSEL terminal adjacent thereto. The transmitter also includes a first diffraction element within a first optical path of the first VCSEL terminal which receives and changes a first direction of a first light transmission having a low-order Laguerre Gaussian mode emitted from the first VCSEL terminal. The transmitter further includes a second diffraction element within a second optical path of the second VCSEL terminal which receives the second light transmission and converts the received light into a high-order Laguerre Gaussian mode. The transmitter also includes a mode combiner to direct the first light transmission into a lens which directs the light into a multi-mode optical fiber.

Abstract: A VCSEL transmitter includes aa first VCSEL terminal disposed on a substrate and a second VCSEL terminal adjacent thereto. The transmitter also includes a first diffraction element within a first optical path of the first VCSEL terminal which receives and changes a first direction of a first light transmission having a low-order Laguerre Gaussian mode emitted from the first VCSEL terminal. The transmitter further includes a second diffraction element within a second optical path of the second VCSEL terminal which receives the second light transmission and converts the received light into a high-order Laguerre Gaussian mode. The transmitter also includes a mode combiner to direct the first light transmission into a lens which directs the light into a multi-mode optical fiber.

Abstract: In the examples provided herein, an apparatus has a first substrate upon which one or more first filters have been fabricated on a first surface of the first substrate. The apparatus also has a second substrate upon which one or more second filters have been fabricated on a second surface of the second substrate, wherein the one or more first filters and the one or more second filters each transmit a different band of wavelengths. Additionally, the apparatus has a bonding material that bonds the first substrate to the second substrate.

Abstract: Examples of the present disclosure include a tunable laser comprising an optical coupler to couple light between a first laser cavity and a second laser cavity. The first laser cavity may extending between the optical coupler and a first reflector and include a first gain section. The second laser cavity may extend between the optical coupler and a second reflector and including a second gain section. At least one of the first laser cavity and the second laser cavity is tunable.

Abstract: Examples include generating a signal using a modulatable source. The signal may be propagated using a multi-mode fiber to receive the signal from the modulatable source. The fiber has a diameter d and a far-field divergence angle associated with the propagated signal that corresponds to a product of the diameter (d) and the far-field divergence angle. The product may be substantially between 1 micron radian and 4 micron radian. In some examples, the propagated signal may be received at a receiver from the multi-mode fiber.

Abstract: In the examples provided herein, an apparatus has a first substrate upon which one or more first filters have been fabricated on a first surface of the first substrate. The apparatus also has a second substrate upon which one or more second filters have been fabricated on a second surface of the second substrate, wherein the one or more first filters and the one or more second filters each transmit a different band of wavelengths. Additionally, the apparatus has a bonding material that bonds the first substrate to the second substrate.

Abstract: A vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) includes a first reflector having a first reflectivity; a second reflector having a second reflectivity, where the second reflectivity is less than the first reflectivity; a gain region between the first and second reflectors; and a substrate having a first surface and a second surface, where the first surface is coupled to the second reflector, and where the second surface is formed into a lens to act upon light emitted by the VCSEL through the substrate. The VCSEL lases in a single transverse mode.

Abstract: Examples of the present disclosure include a tunable laser comprising a waveguide including gain section. The waveguide overlies and is optically coupled to another waveguide. The another waveguide has a reflector at one end. A laser cavity is formed in the waveguides.

Abstract: A high contrast grating optoelectronic apparatus includes an optoelectronic device at a front surface of a substrate. The optoelectronic device is to one or both of emit light and detect light through a back surface of the substrate opposite the front surface. A high contrast grating (HCG) lens is adjacent to and spaced apart from the back surface of the substrate by a spacer. The spacer includes one or both of a wafer-bonded substrate and a cavity. The HCG lens is to focus the light.

Abstract: A bottom-emitting vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) structure includes a first substrate permitting the passage of light therethrough, an n-doped distributed Bragg reflector (nDBR), a p-doped distributed Bragg reflector (pDBR), one or more active layers, at least one of a high contrast grating mirror and a dielectric-enhanced metal mirror, and a plurality of layers, where the VCSEL structure is configured to be flip chipped to a second substrate. The pDBR and the nDBR define a laser cavity extending vertically therebetween and containing the one or more active layers. The at least one of a high contrast grating mirror and a dielectric-enhanced metal mirror may be disposed over the pDBR. The plurality of layers may be disposed over the at least one of the high contrast grating mirror and the dielectric-enhanced metal mirror to optically and hermetically seal the laser cavity.

Abstract: Examples of the present disclosure include a tunable laser comprising a waveguide including gain section. The waveguide overlies and is optically coupled to another waveguide. The another waveguide has a reflector at one end. A laser cavity is formed in the waveguides.

Abstract: A vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) includes a first reflector having a first reflectivity; a second reflector having a second reflectivity, where the second reflectivity is less than the first reflectivity; a gain region between the first and second reflectors; and a substrate having a first surface and a second surface, where the first surface is coupled to the second reflector, and where the second surface is formed into a lens to act upon light emitted by the VCSEL through the substrate. The VCSEL lases in a single transverse mode.

Abstract: Examples of the present disclosure include a tunable laser comprising an optical coupler to couple light between a first laser cavity and a second laser cavity. The first laser cavity may extending between the optical coupler and a first reflector and include a first gain section. The second laser cavity may extend between the optical coupler and a second reflector and including a second gain section. At least one of the first laser cavity and the second laser cavity is tunable.

Abstract: Examples include generating a signal using a modulatable source. The signal may be propagated using a multi-mode fiber to receive the signal from the modulatable source. The fiber has a diameter d and a far-field divergence angle associated with the propagated signal that corresponds to a product of the diameter (d) and the far-field divergence angle. The product may be substantially between 1 micron radian and 4 micron radian. In some examples, the propagated signal may be received at a receiver from the multi-mode fiber.

Abstract: A vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) includes first reflector having a first reflectivity; a second reflector having a second reflectivity, where the second reflectivity is less than the first reflectivity; a gain region between the first and second reflectors; and a substrate having a first surface and a second surface, where the first surface is coupled to the second reflector, and where the second surface is formed into a lens to act upon light emitted the VCSEL through the substrate. The VCSEL lases in a single transverse mode.

Abstract: Examples include generating a signal using a modulatable source. The signal may be propagated using a multi-mode fiber to receive the signal from the modulatable source. The fiber has a diameter d and a far-field divergence angle associated with the propagated signal that corresponds to a product of the diameter (d) and the far-field divergence angle. The product may be substantially between 1 micron radian and 4 micron radian. In some examples, the propagated signal may be received at a receiver from the multi-mode fiber.

Abstract: A small-mode-volume, vertical-cavity, surface-emitting laser (VCSEL). The VCSEL includes an active structure to emit light upon injection of carriers, and two reflecting structures at least one of which is a grating reflector structure. The active structure is disposed within at least one of the reflecting structures. The reflecting structures are configured as a vertical-cavity resonator of small mode-volume. An optical-bus transmitter including a plurality of small-mode-volume VCSELs, and a system including at least one optical bus and at least one optical-bus transmitter in a digital-information processor, or a data-processing center, are also provided.

Abstract: In the examples provided herein, an apparatus has a first substrate upon which one or more first filters have been fabricated on a first surface of the first substrate. The apparatus also has a second substrate upon which one or more second filters have been fabricated on a second surface of the second substrate, wherein the one or more first filters and the one or more second filters each transmit a different band of wavelengths. Additionally, the apparatus has a bonding material that bonds the first substrate to the second substrate.

Abstract: A vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) includes first reflector having a first reflectivity; a second reflector having a second reflectivity, where the second reflectivity is less than the first reflectivity; a gain region between the first and second reflectors; and a substrate having a first surface and a second surface, where the first surface is coupled to the second reflector, and where the second surface is formed into a lens to act upon light emitted the VCSEL through the substrate. The VCSEL lases in a single transverse mode.

Abstract: A system for passive optical alignment includes an through optical via formed through a substrate, an optical transmission medium secured to a first side of the substrate such that the optical transmission medium is aligned with the through optical via, and an optoelectronic component secured to a second side of the substrate such that the active region of said optoelectronic component is aligned with the through optical via.