Abstract: Radio frequency (RF) sensing by a sensing entity with an oscillator that introduces frequency errors is supported using dual direction bistatic sensing. The sensing entity transmits a sensing signal that is reflected by an object and received by a second sensing entity, which measures a first frequency offset that includes an oscillator error from the transmission of the sensing signal and a Doppler shift from the object. The sensing entity also receives and measures a second frequency offset of a sensing signal transmitted by the second sensing entity and reflected by the object, which includes a second frequency offset that includes an oscillator error from the reception of the sensing signal and a Doppler shift from the target object. The velocity of the object may be estimated based on a combination of the first and second frequency offsets, which cancels the oscillator error caused by the sensing entity.

Abstract: A method for facilitating position information determination includes: sending, from a UE, an uplink reference signal to one or more base stations and a request for positioning resources to a network entity; receiving, at the UE from one or more of the one or more base stations, a plurality of first downlink reference signals in a first plurality of beams in response to the uplink reference signal and the request; determining, at the UE, a second plurality of beams, from the first plurality of beams, based on one or more respective measurements of the plurality of first downlink reference signals; and sending, from the UE to the network entity, a beam report indicating the second plurality of beams.

Abstract: Downlink and uplink Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA) is performed using Reference Signal Time Difference (RSTD) measurements. The transmissions and measurements of positioning reference signals (PRS) are configured to mitigate or eliminate network synchronization errors which conventionally limit positioning accuracy of TDOA. The synchronization errors are mitigated using inter-base station PRS, and transmission of the PRS in response to receipt of the initial reference signal. For DL TDOA, a reference base station may transmit PRS to the user equipment (UE) and neighboring base station. In response, the neighboring base station transmits PRS to the UE. The RSTD may be determined as the difference in the time of reception of the PRS signals received at the UE after removal of the total delay for transmitting the PRS by the neighboring base station, including propagation time and processing time. The RSTD for UL TDOA may be determined in a similar manner.

Abstract: Disclosed are techniques for wireless communication. In an aspect, a method of wireless communication performed by a base station (BS) includes obtaining a resource-level muting bitmap for a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS), wherein the resource-level muting bitmap identifies sets of time and frequency resources during which the RIS should be enabled to reflect a transmission beam or disabled from reflecting a transmission beam, and requesting the RIS to be enabled or disabled according to the resource-level muting bitmap.

Abstract: In an aspect, a position estimation entity may obtain a first differential round trip time (RTT) measurement based on a first RTT measurement between a user equipment (UE) and a first wireless node and a second RTT measurement between the UE and a second wireless node, may obtain a second differential RTT measurement based on a third RTT measurement between a third wireless node and the first wireless node and a fourth RTT measurement between the third wireless node and the second wireless node, and may determine a positioning estimate of the UE based at least in part on the first differential RTT measurement and the second differential RTT measurement.

Abstract: In an aspect, a location of a reference UE is obtained (e.g., iteratively). A first differential RTT measurement is determined based on RTTs between a target UE and each of first and second wireless nodes, and a second differential RTT measurement is determined based on RTTs between a reference UE and each of the first and second wireless nodes. A positioning estimate of the target UE is determined based on the first and second differential RTT measurements and the obtained reference UE location (e.g., a most recent of the iteratively obtained reference UE locations). In another aspect, a primary reference UE among a plurality of reference UEs is selected, and its location is obtained (e.g., iteratively). A location of other reference UE(s) is determined based at least in part upon the obtained primary reference UE location (e.g., a most recent of the iteratively obtained primary reference UE locations).

Abstract: A shared physical channel can be used for passive radio frequency (RF) sensing of an object in a wireless communication network. Embodiments can comprise methods, devices, systems, and/or other means for receiving the shared physical channel, where the shared physical channel is received via RF signals transmitted by a transmitting device and reflected to the receiving device from the object. Data of the shared physical channel can be decoded based on a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) of the shared physical channel. Subsequent to decoding, modulation symbols used to transmit the shared physical channel and DMRS can be reconstructed. One or more RF sensing measurements of the object can be made using the reconstructed modulation symbols.

Abstract: Disclosed are techniques for wireless communication. In an aspect, a user equipment (UE) transmits a first signal for positioning (RS-P) (e.g., SRS, etc.) on a first link from the UE to a wireless network node (e.g., BS, UE, etc.). The UE receives, from the wireless network node, location assistance data that comprises information that indicates a line of sight (LOS) condition associated with the first link. The UE measures a second RS-P on a second link from the wireless network node to the UE that is reciprocal to the first link. The UE performs one or more positioning measurements, determines a location estimate of the UE, or both, based in part on the reception of the second RS-P on the second link and the indicated LOS condition, the indicated LOS condition associated with the second link based on link reciprocity between the first and second links.

Abstract: Disclosed are techniques for wireless communication. In an aspect, a user equipment (UE) transmits a first signal for positioning (RS-P) (e.g., SRS, etc.) on a first link from the UE to a wireless network node (e.g., BS, UE, etc.). The UE receives, from the wireless network node, location assistance data that comprises information that indicates a line of sight (LOS) condition associated with the first link. The UE measures a second RS-P on a second link from the wireless network node to the UE that is reciprocal to the first link. The UE performs one or more positioning measurements, determines a location estimate of the UE, or both, based in part on the reception of the second RS-P on the second link and the indicated LOS condition, the indicated LOS condition associated with the second link based on link reciprocity between the first and second links.

Abstract: Aspects presented may enable RF sensing to be adaptive to the environment to improve the sensing, performance, and/or the spectrum efficiency of cellular systems and the power efficiency of RF sensing nodes. In one aspect, an RF sensing node extracts one or more features for a set of objects of an area via at least one non-RF sensor. The RF sensing node transmits, to a network entity, the one or more features or at least one non-RF measurement derived from the one or more features. The RF sensing node receives, from the network entity, an RRS transmission configuration derived based on the one or more features or the at least one non-RF measurement transmitted to the network entity.

Abstract: Disclosed are techniques for wireless communication. In an aspect, a user equipment (UE) applies a plurality of positioning reference signal (PRS) processing windows to a PRS resource received from a network node over a multipath channel, determines a plurality of channel estimates for the PRS resource based on the plurality of PRS processing windows, and determines a plurality of positioning measurements of the PRS resource based on the plurality of channel estimates.

Abstract: Disclosed are systems, apparatuses, processes, and computer-readable media for wireless communications. For example, an example of a process may include receiving, at a network device (e.g., a user equipment (UE)) from a network entity via a number of sensing streams based on a maximum of Nt-J sensing streams, a waveform including communications resources and sensing resources. The waveform has a rank Nt and J is a number of layers scheduled for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communications that is less than Nt. The process may further include processing at least the communications resources of the waveform.

Abstract: Disclosed are techniques for wireless communication. In an aspect, a user equipment (UE) applies a plurality of positioning reference signal (PRS) processing windows to a PRS resource received from a network node over a multipath channel, determines a plurality of channel estimates for the PRS resource based on the plurality of PRS processing windows, and determines a positioning measurement of the PRS resource based on the plurality of channel estimates.

Abstract: Sounding reference signals (SRS) transmitted by a UE, e.g., for positioning or channel estimation, may be configured for one or both of frequency tone level cyclic shift and symbol level code, which, for example, enables multiplexing a greater number of UEs. The frequency tone level cyclic shift is produced by jointly processing a number of symbols with an extended cyclic shift structure. The SRS may be configured using a symbol group level that indicates the number of symbols associated with a cyclic shift structure, and an outer code that indicates a multiplier applied to the SRS at the symbol level, which increases the multiplexing opportunities. The symbol level code may further indicate an extended cyclic shift indicating a linear increase in phase rotation across tones in symbols associated with the symbol group level.

Abstract: Disclosed are techniques for wireless sensing. In an aspect, a network node detects a collision between at least one wireless communication signal scheduled to be transmitted by the network node and two or more bundled radar reference signals scheduled to be transmitted by the network node, wherein the at least one wireless communication signal is scheduled to be transmitted during a gap between a first radar reference signal and a second radar reference signal of the two or more bundled radar reference signals; performs a collision avoidance operation based on detection of the collision, and transmits the two or more bundled radar reference signals.

Abstract: Aspects presented herein may improve the precision and performance of a TDOA-based UE positioning scheme that is associated with an NTN. In one aspect, a UE receives, from a first satellite, a first PRS at a first reception time. The UE receives, from a second satellite, a second PRS at a second reception time and an indication of a transmission-reception time difference, the transmission-reception time difference being a difference between a time the second satellite transmits the second PRS to the UE and a time the second satellite receives an RS from the first satellite. The UE calculates an RSTD for the first PRS and the second PRS based at least in part on the first reception time of the first PRS, the second reception time of the second PRS, and the transmission-reception time difference.

Abstract: Example implementations include a method, apparatus and computer-readable medium of wireless communication for applying resource element (RE) skipping to a symbol where a beam change is to occur. A transmitter and a receiver determine that a beam change is to occur during the symbol. The transmitter allocates bits to a subset of REs for the symbol in a frequency domain allocation. Each RE of the subset is spaced apart by a number of empty REs. The transmitter performs an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) on the REs to generate a time domain signal including a number of repetitions of a transmitted waveform. The receiver receives the time domain signal during at least a portion of the symbol. The receiver performs a fast Fourier transform (FFT) on the time domain signal and determines transmitted bits or a channel from the subset of REs output from the FFT.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. Some wireless devices may support a prediction capability for prediction-based control information. A first device may receive, from a second device, first control signaling that activates the predication capability of the first device to generate a set of one or more control parameters for communications. The second device may transmit second control signaling to the first device to indicate initial values of the control parameters and a channel condition model for the first device. The first device and the second device may generate a set of multiple values associated with the control parameters over a time period based on the initial values of the control parameters and the channel condition model. The first device and the second device may communicate during at least the time period according to the set of generated values associated with the control parameters.

Abstract: Disclosed are techniques for wireless communication. In an aspect, a user equipment (UE) determines a transmit power of at least one sensing reference signal (S-RS) transmitted by a network node, wherein the transmit power of the at least one S-RS is determined based on a transmit power offset relative to a transmit power of a reference channel or reference signal transmitted by the network node, and determines an enhanced channel estimate of the at least one S-RS based on the transmit power of the at least one S-RS.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for determining an object's location by using a Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS) to aid in RF sensing. Radar techniques can be used in which one or more base stations act as a transmitter and a receiving device acts as a receiver in a bistatic or multi-static radar configuration where an RIS directs signals transmitted by the one or more base stations to the receiving device. By comparing the time a line-of-sight (LOS) signal (redirected to the receiving device by the RIS) is received by the receiving device with that of an echo signal (redirected to the receiving device by the RIS) from a reflection of an RF signal from the object, a position of the object can be determined. Depending on desired functionality, this position can be determined by the receiving device or by a location server or other network entity.