Abstract: Classifying a series of quantized transform coefficients of a block of image data into one of a pre-defined plurality of classes for entropy coding, and entropy coding the block. A class is defined by at least the size of the block and typically but not necessarily one or more other factors. The classified series is coded by one of a set of pre-defined entropy coding methods, e.g., variable length coding methods for the pre-defined classes.

Abstract: An apparatus, a method, and a computer-readable medium having instructions encoded thereon that when executed cause a method to be carried out. The method includes dividing at least a portion of a picture of a video stream into parts of blocks, and processing the parts in parallel by a plurality of interconnected processors. The processing of a respective part by its respective processor includes determining block-level temporal difference features. Each processor also performs coding functions on its respective part of the picture. The method also includes block-level processing using the block-level temporal difference features to determine which blocks in the picture are likely to be that of a face, the block-level processing being at the granularity of at least a block. In one version, the processing in each processor includes edge detection and color segmentation to determine block-level edge features including block-level color-segmented edge features that are then used in the block level processing.

Abstract: A coding method, apparatus, and medium with software encoded thereon to implement a coding method. The coding method includes encoding cluster of consecutive non-zero-valued coefficients, the encoding of a cluster including jointly encoding joint events that each are defined by at least two parameters: the number of zero-valued coefficients preceding the cluster, and the number of non-zero-valued coefficients in the cluster. The encoding of the cluster also includes encoding a parameter indicative of the number of amplitude-1 trailing non-zero-valued coefficients in the cluster, in one version with the parameter indicative of the number of trailing amplitude-1 coefficients part of the joint events such that the coding is according to a 3-dimensional joint variable length coding table. The method further includes encoding the amplitudes of the non-zero-valued coefficients that are not encoded by the joint encoding, e.g., encoding the amplitudes of the other than the trailing amplitude-1 coefficients.

Abstract: A coding method, apparatus, and medium with software encoded thereon to implement a coding method. The coding method includes jointly encoding joint events that each are defined by a cluster of consecutive non-zero-valued coefficients, each joint event defined by three parameters: the number of zero-valued coefficients preceding the cluster, the number of non-zero-valued coefficients in the cluster, and an indication of which trailing coefficients up to a maximum number of M trailing coefficients have amplitude greater than 1, with the coding using a 3-dimensional joint VLC table. The method further includes encoding the amplitude of the non-zero-valued trailing coefficients that have amplitude greater than 1 encoding the amplitude of any remaining non-zero-valued coefficients in the clusters that have more than M non-zero-valued coefficients.

Abstract: Coding quantized transform coefficients as occur in image compression combines a position identifying method to identify the relative position of clusters of consecutive non-zero-valued coefficients, an amplitude event identifying method to identify amplitude events in the clusters of non-zero-valued coefficients, and a coding method to code the position events, amplitude events, and signs of the amplitudes in the clusters. The method is particularly applicable to a series of quantized transform coefficients where clusters are likely-to-occur.

Abstract: A method, and apparatus, and logic encoded in one or more computer-readable tangible medium to carry out a method. The method is to code an ordered sequence of quantized transform coefficients of a block of image data using a hybrid coding method that includes determining a breakpoint location in the sequence between a low frequency region and a high frequency region; coding the low-frequency region using a selected low-frequency variable length coding method; coding the high-frequency region using a selected high-frequency variable length coding method; and coding the location of the breakpoint. The breakpoint location is determined as a function of the sequence such that different sequences can have different breakpoints.

Abstract: A method and apparatus to compress a DVB-ASI bit stream including accepting the stream containing packets of compressed media, sync words, and stuffing words, identifying starts of packets, identifying and discarding stuffing words; and adding information to form a compressed stream, added information sufficient to reconstruct a reconstructed stream from the compressed stream, with the relative locations of starts of packets in the reconstructed bit stream matching the relative locations of starts of corresponding packets in the accepted stream. Also a method recover the timing of MPEG packets including accepting a serial bit stream containing packets of compressed media streams, and ascertaining if the stream includes information indicating that the bit stream has a DVB-ASI form with stuffing words discarded and with indicating information added.

Abstract: A coding method, apparatus, and storage media with instructions to carry out a method. The method operates on an ordered series of transform coefficients of a block of image data, and for a fixed quantization method, and includes quantizing and encoding the ordered series to form a coded bitstream. The quantizing and encoding uses one or more variable length code (VLC) mappings. The quantizing includes quantizing to have amplitude-1 at least one coefficient that would be quantized by the fixed quantization method to have zero amplitude, quantizing to have zero amplitude at least one coefficient that would be quantized by the fixed quantization method to have amplitude-1, and using the fixed quantization method to quantize any coefficient that is quantized by the fixed quantization method not to have zero amplitude, amplitude-1, or amplitude-2.

Abstract: Coding quantized transform coefficients as occur in image compression combines a position identifying method to identify the relative position of clusters of consecutive non-zero-valued coefficients, an amplitude event identifying method to identify amplitude events in the clusters of non-zero-valued coefficients, and a coding method to code the position events, amplitude events, and signs of the amplitudes in the clusters. The method is particularly applicable to a series of quantized transform coefficients where clusters are likely to occur.

Abstract: An apparatus, method, and carrier medium carrying computer-readable code to implement a method that includes generating a difference picture of an accepted picture of a time sequence of pictures minus an estimate of the previous picture in the sequence. The generating of the difference picture includes forming quantized coefficients and passing the quantized coefficients via a prediction loop to generate the estimate of the previous picture. A spatial filter is applied to at least a component of the difference picture such that the forming of quantized coefficients is from a spatially filtered difference picture. The spatial filter is a noise reducing spatial filter configured such that there is a fixed delay between the filter input picture and the filter output picture. The fixed delay is significantly less than the time between consecutive pictures in the time sequence.

Abstract: A compensating circuit board connector for connecting two adjacent circuit boards includes two sockets and a jumper. Each socket includes at least one receiving terminal having a conducting portion with two opposite sidewalls. The sockets are disposed on the circuit boards, respectively, so the conducting portions of the receiving terminals of the sockets jointly form an accommodating space. The jumper is mated with the sockets and includes at least one jumper terminal. The jumper terminal, configured for being received in the accommodating space, includes a frame and two resilient portions. The frame, narrower than a spacing between the opposite sidewalls of each receiving terminal, extends through the conducting portions of the receiving terminals of the sockets. The resilient portions, provided respectively at two ends of the frame, extend outward to each press against the opposite sidewalls of the corresponding receiving terminal, thereby electrically connecting the receiving terminals of the sockets.

Abstract: A video coder includes a forward coder and a reconstruction module determining a motion compensated predicted picture from one or more previously decoded pictures in a multi-picture store. The reconstruction module includes a reference picture predictor that uses only previously decoded pictures to determine one or more predicted reference pictures. The predicted reference picture(s) are used for motion compensated prediction. The reference picture predictor may include optical flow analysis that uses a current decoded picture and that may use one or more previously decoded pictures together with affine motion analysis and image warping to determine at least a portion of at least one of the reference pictures.

Abstract: A liquid cooled heat sink has a thermal conduction plate and a liquid cooling module. The liquid cooling module is attached securely to the thermal conduction plate and has a distribution tank, a collection tank and a pipe assembly. The pipe assembly has multiple pipes of at least two different gauges and each pipe has a pipe inlet and a pipe outlet respectively secured to the distribution tank and the collection tank. Since a sum of the gauges is increased and each pipe need not to be coiled, an extra strong pumping system is not needed and design complexity is reduced.

Abstract: For data compressed using the first compression method that includes codewords generated by variable length coding sets of quantized transform coefficients using a first variable length coding method, decoding the codewords to create ordered sets of quantized transform coefficients, each created set forming an ordered series of quantized transform coefficients, and re-encoding the created ordered sets of quantized transform coefficients using a second variable length coding method to produce a re-coded set of codewords. The second variable length coding method produces shorter codewords, on average, than the first variable length coding method. The decoding and re-encoding is a lossless process such that no additional quantization or other errors are introduced to the received data by the method.

Abstract: An airflow guiding and heat dissipating assembly is mounted in an electronic device and has a base and at least one baffle being mounted on the base. Multiple electronic components are mounted on the base and are arranged in a line. Airflow flows along one electronic component upstream, past the baffle and then over the other electronic component downstream to take away heat from the electronic component. The baffle prevents the airflow from becoming turbulent and, therefore, temperatures of the electronic component are lowered efficiently.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an apparatus may receive at least one image in which multiple targets are represented. The apparatus may assign possible identities to the targets based on probabilities associated with the identities. The apparatus may base a probability of a target being one of the identities, at least in part, on an identity-specific context and on a conditional probability that the target is the identity given that each one of at least two other of the targets is another respective one of the identities. The identity-specific context may be information that relates to a determined identity. The apparatus may identify the targets based on the identities and on the probabilities associated with the identities.

Abstract: A reservoir prediction system and method are provided that use generalized EnKF using kernels, capable of representing non-Gaussian random fields characterized by multi-point geostatistics. The main drawback of the standard EnKF is that the Kalman update essentially results in a linear combination of the forecasted ensemble, and the EnKF only uses the covariance and cross-covariance between the random fields (to be updated) and observations, thereby only preserving two-point statistics. Kernel methods allow the creation of nonlinear generalizations of linear algorithms that can be exclusively written in terms of dot products. By deriving the EnKF in a high-dimensional feature space implicitly defined using kernels, both the Kalman gain and update equations are nonlinearized, thus providing a completely general nonlinear set of EnKF equations, the nonlinearity being controlled by the kernel.

Abstract: In an image generation and rendering system, a quality stamp indicative of image fidelity is embedded in image data units resulting from image data compression/encoding. At decoding, the image quality stamp is captured and when the decoded image is rendered, a fidelity indicator is displayed along with the image.

Abstract: Coding quantized transform coefficients as occur in image compression combines a position identifying method to identify the relative position of clusters of consecutive non-zero-valued coefficients, an amplitude event identifying method to identify amplitude events in the clusters of non-zero-valued coefficients, and a coding method to code the position events, amplitude events, and signs of the amplitudes in the clusters. The method is particularly applicable to a series of quantized transform coefficients where clusters are likely to occur.

Abstract: Coding quantized transform coefficients as occur in image compression combines a position identifying method to identify the relative position of clusters of consecutive non-zero-valued coefficients, an amplitude event identifying method to identify amplitude events in the clusters of non-zero-valued coefficients, and a coding method to code the position events, amplitude events, and signs of the amplitudes in the clusters. The method is particularly applicable to a series of quantized transform coefficients where clusters are likely to occur.