Abstract: The new product 3-oximino-4-oxo-2,5-dimethyl-tetrahydrofuran is manufactured by oximation of the new product 3-carboxy-4-oxo-2,5-dimethyl-tetrahydrofuran with aqueous nitrous acid, nitrite esters or nitrosyl chloride. Because of its fine caramel-like fragrance it may be used for the manufacture of scents and flavor materials. In addition it presents an advantageous method of synthesis of the sought-after flavor material 4-oxo-3-hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-4,5-dihydrofuran (furaneol).

Abstract: Substituted phenylpropanals and a process for their manufacture by reaction of the corresponding phenylethenes with carbon monoxide and hydrogen at temperatures of from 50.degree. to 180.degree. C and pressures of from 20 to 1,500 atmospheres gauge, in the presence of rhodium carbonyl complexes. The phenylpropanals according to the invention have pleasant scents. 3-(4-Isopropyl-phenyl)-butanal-1 and 3-(4-tert.-butyl-phenyl)-butanal-1, in particular, have suitable scents for the preparation of flower oil. They are also valuable starting materials for synthesizing drugs, plant protection agents and dyes.

Abstract: New substituted 1-alkenynyl-cyclohexanols and 1-alkenynyl-cyclohexenes. The 1-alkenynyl-cyclohexanols are obtained by reacting the corresponding cyclohexanone witn an enyne in the presence of a strongly basic condensing agent in an inert solvent, or with an alkali metal salt of an enyne in an inert solvent. The 1-alkenynyl-cyclohexenes are obtained by dehydrating the 1-alkenynyl-cyclohexanols or 1-cycloalkanolyl-alkynols. The new compounds are themselves interesting scents, but can also be used as starting materials for further interesting scents.

Abstract: 2,6,6-Trimethyl-cyclohex-2-en-1-one is manufactured by reacting ethyl isopropyl ketone with acrolein in an organic solvent in the presence of a strong organic acid at from 40.degree. to 150.degree. C.

Abstract: Pinanes substituted by a group X in the 3-position which group is formyl, or its alkyl-acetals or alkyl-hemiacetals, carboxylic acid, carboxylic acid chloride, carboxylic acid amide, hydroxymethyl or aminomethyl substituted in a specific manner at the nitrogen, the optical isomers of these compounds and a process for their manufacture by hydroformylation of .alpha.-pinene in the presence of rhodium catalysts, and conversion of the 3-formylpinane first produced into the above derivatives by conventional methods.

Abstract: New polycyclic Diels-Alder adducts which are formed on reaction of 8-vinyl-tricyclo-[5,2,1,0.sup.2,6 ]-dec-8-ene or 8-hydroxy-8-vinyl-tricyclo-[5,2,1,0.sup.2,6 ]-decane with alkenes or alkynes having one or two activating substituents, e.g., --COOH, --COOCH.sub.3, --COOC.sub.2 H.sub.5, --CHO, --COCH.sub.3, --COC.sub.2 H.sub.5 or --CN. They have green, fresh, fruity and in some cases woody odors with long-lasting tenacity and/or fixing properties. They can be used as constituents of perfumes and of compositions for perfuming body care products, detergents and other consumer products.

Abstract: Cyclopentene derivatives (I) ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is isopropyl or isopropenyl, R.sup.2 is alkyl of 1 to 3 carbon atoms, X is --CHO, a dialkyl acetal or 1,2- or 1,3-alkylene acetal thereof where the acetal radical is of 2 to 6 carbon atoms, --CH.sub.2 OH or --CH.sub.2 OCOR.sup.3 where R.sup.3 is hydrogen or alkyl or alkenyl of up to 3 carbon atoms. The manufacture of I from the corresponding halomethyl cyclopentenes and aldehydes R.sup.2 --CH(CH.sub.3)--CHO in the presence of a base and a quaternary ammonium salt, followed if desired by acetalization or conversion of the --CHO group to the --CH.sub.2 OH or --CH.sub.2 O--CO--R.sup.3 groups. The compounds are useful as fragrance materials.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of .alpha.,.beta.,.gamma.,.delta.-unsaturated esters containing a very high proportion of the 4(Z)-isomer, which are valuable perfume and flavor materials. The .alpha.,.beta.,.gamma.,.delta.-unsaturated esters are manufactured by a Wittig synthesis from phosphoranes and fumaraldehyde-acid esters under specific conditions.

Abstract: The nopinylamines of the general formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are hydrogen or alkyl of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and the salts of these amines with mineral acids and with alkylcarboxylic acids of 1 to 4 carbon atoms.The manufacture of I from nopinone (II) ##STR2## by aminating hydrogenation with amines (III) ##STR3## The use of I for resolving racemates of acid or acid-forming compounds, especially of DL-pantolactone.

Abstract: Cyclopentene derivatives of the general formula ##STR1## where Hal is chlorine, bromine or iodine.

Abstract: New 12-alkoxy-3,7,11-trimethyl-dodecatetraenes are of interest as perfume and flavor materials having a mandarin and orange effect.The new compounds can be manufactured relatively simply, e.g. by vinylating or ethynylating the corresponding new, but easily accessible, 7-alkoxy-6-methyl-hept-5-en-2-ones and subsequently partially hydrogenating the products, reacting the resulting allyl alcohols with acetoacetic acid esters or diketenes at an elevated temperature, again vinylating or ethynylating the alkoxyketones obtained, then partially hydrogenating the products, and eliminating water from the 12-alkoxy-3,7,11-trimethyl-3-hydroxy-dodecatrienes thus obtained.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of 2,6,6-trimethyl-cyclo-hex-2-en-1-one by reacting 3-alkoxy-4-methyl-3-pentene or 3-alkoxy-4-methyl-2-pentene or a mixture of these compounds with acrolein, and reacting the resulting 2-alkoxy-2-ethyl-3,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-4H-pyran with acids. The product is an intermediate for numerous syntheses of scents. Furthermore, a number of carotenoid syntheses are based on 2,6,6-trimethyl-cyclohex-2-en-1-one or its hydrogenation product, 2,6,6-trimethyl-cyclohexan-1-one.

Abstract: A process for resolving racemic .alpha.-hydroxy-.beta.,.beta.-dimethyl-.gamma.-butyrolactone, referred to as D,L-pantolactone, into its optical antipodes, based on the separation of diastereomeric salts of D,L-pantoic acid (.alpha.,.gamma.-dihydroxy-.beta.,.beta.-dimethylbutyric acid), produced from D,L-pantolactone, by means of (-)-3-aminomethylpinane, (+)-3-aminomethylpinane or one of their acid addition salts, as a new resolving agent.

Abstract: 2-METHYL-2-HEPTEN-6-ON-1-AL ACETALS AND A METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF THESE COMPOUNDS. The acetals are obtained by reacting the acetals of 2-methyl-4-halo-2-buten-1-al with an alkali compound of an ester of acetoacetic acid and eliminating, by means of an alkali, the alkoxycarbonyl group from the intermediate obtained. 2-methyl-2-hepten-6-on-1-al is obtained from the acetals by acid hydrolysis. The products are perfumes having a pleasant fruity odor and are intermediates for advantageous synthesis of the natural orange aromatics and orange odorants .alpha.-sinensal and .beta.-sinensal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a magnetic tape cassette and a tape recorder for use with such a cassette. More specifically, the invention relates to the provision of movable means within the cassette, which means -- in a first position -- hold the magnetic tape taut and prevent movement of the reels in the cassette and -- in a second position -- release the magnetic tape and the reels, which may then be rotated by the tape recorder, the tape being guided only by means attached to the recorder. Magnetic head positioning means provided on the recorder are adapted to adjust the position of magnetic heads, which are rigidly mounted on a head plate which is movable relatively to the tape, to the desired position for recording and reproduction.