Abstract: In a photodiode array suitable for use in an x-ray detector for computed tomography, the influences of direct conversion of x-rays into contributions to the electrical output signal and optical cross-talk between channels in the photodiode array are significantly reduced by integrating a number of extraction diodes into the photodiode array, with one extraction diode disposed between each two neighboring photodiodes. The anodes of all of the extraction diodes are connected together at a common anode contact, the common anode contact being connected to a voltage source which applies a voltage across all of the extraction diodes for operating the extraction diodes reverse biased, i.e. so as to block current flow.

Abstract: An optical coupling device and method for manufacturing the same is disclosed wherein a light-emitting semiconductor transmitter chip is secured to a light-detecting semiconductor receiver chip via a transparent insulating layer, a structured spacer layer and a transparent connecting layer. The resultant optocoupler has a high coupling factor and may be reliably manufactured into SMT compatible packages.

Abstract: A process for determining the concentration of washing-active substances in a wash liquor involving the steps of:(a) preparing a wash liquor containing washing-active substances;(b) adding a reducing sugar to the wash liquor in an amount proportional to the washing-active substances present in the wash liquor; and(c) measuring the content of reducing sugar present in the wash liquor.

Abstract: Liquid nonionic surfactant combination having improved low temperature stability which comprises:(a) from about 20% to about 50% by weight of an alcohol ethoxylate derived from primary linear C.sub.12-15 alcohols having an average degree of ethoxylation equal to from about 2 to about 7;(b) from about 20% to about 50% by weight of an alcohol alkoxylate derived from primary saturated alcohols containing 12 to 15 carbon atoms in which the alcohol radical can be linear, methyl-branched in the 2-position, or a mixture of said linear and said methyl-branched radicals, having an average degree of ethoxylation equal to from about 3 to about 7 and an average degree of propoxylation equal to from about 2 to about 8;(c) from about 5% to about 50% by weight of an alcohol ethoxylate derived from oxoalcohol mixtures of primary, linear, and 2-methyl-branched C.sub.12-15 alcohols having an average degree of ethoxylation equal to from about 2 to about 8.

Abstract: A method and arrangement for the positioning and bonding of a solid body (2) in which one part of the solid body (2) together with the bonding agent (6) is to be attached to a further element (7) and bonded to a base (4) is to be capable of positioning the solid body (2), at the point attained after positioning, with both high precision and high long term stability. The solid body (2) is immersed in the bonding agent (6) and this bonding agent is in turn located in a groove of a further electrically conducting body (7). The further body (7) is heated by current flow to a temperature at which the solid body (2) is movable within the bonding agent. Upon attaining the desired positioning of the solid body (2), the bonding agent is allowed to cool through controlled reduction of the heating current until solidification occurs.

Abstract: A method is provided for the fabrication of a photodiode sensitive to blue light. This photodiode has a very flat pn junction (2) in order to achieve a high blue sensitivity. The pn-junction (2) is formed in an n-conducting (100)-oriented silicon monocrystal (1) through implantation of B.sup.+ ions. Subsequently, an upper layer (3) generated during the implantation with relatively low p-doping is eroded through anisotropic etching to extend into a region of a deeper lying layer (4) having a relatively high p.sup.+ -doping. This high p.sup.+ -doping layer is then located to provide high sensitivity of the silicon photodiodes light corresponding to blue in the visual spectrum.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the addition of aluminum salts of fatty acids with 12 to 18 carbon atoms, particularly aluminum stearate, to dental impression materials on the basis of addition and/or condensation crosslinking organosilicones to improve their structural viscosity behavior and thus to ease their handling for the dentist.

Abstract: An optoelectronic coupling arrangement for a light waveguide cable (3), at each of whose ends an optoelectronic transmitter and/or receiver structural unit (1, 2) are optically coupled to, permit a signal or data transmission to or from an arbitrarily rotatable electronic system. The light waveguide cable (3) is flexible, but torsionally-stable or not rotated, and connected at its one end with the one optoelectronic transmitter and/or receiver structural element (1). The light waveguide cable (3) is separated at its other end into two axially opposing members which are each fastened in their lateral portions of a pivot bearing (4) and, consequently, are coupled axially rotatable optically and mechanically with each other. The lateral portion of the pivot bearing (4) associated with the end member of the light waveguide cable (3) is rigidly connected with a carrier (6) rotatable about an axis of rotation (5) on which the other optoelectronic transmitter and/or receiver structural unit (2) is fastened.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the addition of aluminum salts of fatty acids with 12 to 18 carbon atoms, particularly aluminum stearate, to dental impression materials on the basis of addition and/or condensation crosslinking organosilicones to improve their structural viscosity behavior and thus to ease their handling for the dentist.

Abstract: A method and arrangement for the positioning and bonding of a solid body (2), in which one part of the solid body (2) together with the bonding agent (6) is to be attached to a further element (7) and bonded to a base (4) is to be capable of positioning the solid body (2), at the point attained after positioning, with both high precision and high long term stability. The solid body (2) is immersed in the bonding agent (6) and this bonding agent is in turn located in a groove of a further electrically conducting body (7). The further body (7) is heated by current flow to a temperature at which the solid body (2) is movable within the bonding agent. Upon attaining the desired positioning of the solid body (2), the bonding agent is allowed to cool through controlled reduction of the heating current until solidification occurs.

Abstract: An optoelectronic coupling element and method for manufacturing the coupling element. The coupling element includes a light wave guide, a microlens, a first carrier chip and a light emitting and/or light detecting semiconductor element. The microlens is preferably spherical in shape and is adapted for optically coupling the light wave guide and the semiconductor element. The semiconductor element can be part of the first carrier chip or, according to another embodiment, can be part of a second carrier chip. The purpose of this coupling element is to facilitate the precise mounting of the microlens in a position between the light wave guide and the semiconductor element and also facilitate the adjustment of the microlens to optimally perform its light coupling function. The method for manufacturing the coupling element provides for the formation of a receptacle having trapezoidal shape sides in the carrier chip. The microlens is mounted within the receptacle with a connecting medium such as glass.

Abstract: In order to manufacture respectively optocouplers or reflex light barriers particularly efficiently, semiconductor light transmitters and semiconductor light receivers are situated on a single substrate. The optic coupling or optic isolation of light transmitter and light receiver takes place in the substrate. Only then are semiconductor elements separated into discrete units.

Abstract: A method and arrangement for the positioning and bonding of a solid body (2), in which one part of the solid body (2) together with the bonding agent (6) is to be attached to a further element (7) and bonded to a base (4) is to be capable of positioning the solid body (2), at the point attained from positioning, with both high precision and high long term stability. The solid body (2) is immersed in the bonding agent (6) and this bonding agent is in turn located in a groove of a further electrically conducting body (7). The further body (7) is heated by current flow to a temperature at which the solid body (2) is movable within the bonding agent. Upon attaining the desired positioning of the solid body (2), the bonding agent is allowed to cool through controlled reduction of the heating current until solidification occurs.

Abstract: Dental restoration materials with improved properties, particularly X-ray opacity and polishability, are obtained, if they contain fillers and polymerizable compounds consisting in total or in part of one or more compounds of the general formula ##STR1## where R represents H or a methyl group, X is representing a ##STR2## and n means 0 to 3.

Abstract: Dental filling material on the basis of polymerizable compounds and an inorganic filler mixture with improved properties, particularly excellent X-ray opacity and polishability, where the filler mixture essentially consists of an X-ray opaque filler with a particle size distribution of between 0,5 and 40 .mu.m, an X-ray opaque filler with a particle size distribution of between 0,2 and 15 .mu.m and a microfiller, particularly colloidal silica, with a particle size distribution of between 5 and 150 nm.

Abstract: A monocoque structure for aquatic sportscraft comprising at least two layers of coextruded thermoplastic materials, a first layer of which prevalently consists of a thermoplast from the group of linear polyesters, preferably polycarbonates, and a second layer of which prevalently consists of a thermoplast from the group of polystyrene derivatives, the wall thicknesses of said layers being 0.08 to 0.3 mm and 0.8 to 1.5 mm, respectively, the outermost first layer having light-absorbent and/or light-reflecting properties.

Abstract: A wind direction indicator for sailing vessels, particularly wind surfers or small yawls uses a weather vane pivoted to one end of an outrigger. The outrigger is to be fitted to the mid-height of the mast in the angle of vision of the yachtsman using a clamping device. In the case of a rotatable mast or a sail surrounding the mast, the outrigger can rotate in such a manner as a function of the sail position that the wind direction indicator is always on the windward side of the sail. Bearing aids for maintaining the best cruising course and a compass mounting support can be provided on the outrigger.