Abstract: A bilayer coating of layers of inorganic metal oxide sol and a layer of a chitosan salt provides improved antistatic properties over a polymeric film substrate.

Abstract: N-substituted anthraquinones in which the substituent group is at least partially cyclic, either cyclohexyl or aromatic, and including anils of 1,4- and 1,8-diaminoanthraquinone with p-alkyl- and p-alkoxybenzaldehyde, are pleochroic and form guest-host combinations with dielectrically positive anisotropic nematic liquid crystals. These combinations are of value in electro-optical display devices.

Abstract: A dichroic dyestuff having the formulaQ--A--Zwherein:A is a poly(arylazo) linking group wherein the aryl comprises 6 to 10 carbon atoms and has 4,4'-azo linkages;Q is a bis-substituted aryl thiazyl substituent wherein the aryl comprises 6 to 10 carbon atoms;andZ is selected from the group consisting of naphthalene having an alkyl substituted amino in the 4 position, 2,3-dihydro-2,2'-substituted-perimidine and julolidine groups;forms guest-host combinations with nematic liquid crystals. These dichroic dyes have absorption maxima at wavelengths greater than 600 nanometers and transmit less than 50% of incident light having wavelengths between 600 and 700 nanometers. Thus these dyes, when combined with dichroic dyes which have absorption maxima between 400 and 600 nanometers, and nematic liquid crystals, are useful to provide electro-optical displays which change from clear to a neutral black color or vice versa when an electric field is applied to the electro-optical display.

Abstract: Certain substituted anthraquinone compounds have been found to be useful as isotropic dyestuffs in guest-host combinations with nematic, cholesteric and smectic liquid crystals and other well-known dichroic dyestuffs. By "isotropic" it is meant that the disclosed dyestuffs have optical order parameters (S) very close to zero. Use of the disclosed isotropic dyestuffs with additional well-known dichroic dyes in liquid crystal display devices, provides displays which alter between one colored state and another, depending upon the presence or absence of an electric field across the display.

Abstract: A composition for use in thermally-addressable liquid crystal display devices, comprising a smectic liquid crystal material and a helichromic compound possessing both a chromophoric moiety and an optically-active moiety. The helichromic compound is a circularly dichroic dye capable of propagating incident visible light in a circularly polarized manner so that all polarizations of the incident light are absorbed. The composition comprising the helichromic compound can be utilized in thermally-addressable liquid crystal display devices to provide a display which operates at lower voltages, with faster response times, and higher contrast ratios.

Abstract: Certain substituted anthracene-type compounds have been found to be useful as isotropic dyestuffs in guest-host combinations with nematic, cholesteric and smectic liquid crystals and other well-known dichroic dyestuffs. By "isotropic" it is meant that the disclosed dyestuffs have optical order parameters (S) very close to zero. Use of the disclosed isotropic dyestuffs with additional well-known dichroic dyes in liquid crystal display devices, provides displays which alter between one colored state and another, depending upon the presence or absence of an electric field across the display.

Abstract: Certain cycloalkyl-type compounds have been found to be useful as isotropic dyestuffs in guest-host combinations with nematic, cholesteric and smectic liquid crystals and other well-known dichroic dyestuffs. By "isotropic" it is meant that the disclosed dyestuffs have optical order parameters (S) very close to zero. Use of the disclosed isotropic dyestuffs with additional well-known dichroic dyes in liquid crystal display devices, provides displays which alter between one colored state and another, depending upon the presence or absence of an electric field across the display.

Abstract: A composition for use in liquid crystal display devices, consisting essentially of a nematic liquid crystal material and a helichromic compound possessing both a chromophoric moiety and a helical ordering moiety. The helical ordering moiety is capable of helically ordering the mixture of liquid crystal material and helichromic compound. The helichromic compound can be utilized in conventional "guest-host" and "twist nematic" displays as well as in unique helichromic displays. When used in helichromic displays, the helichromic compounds eliminate after-image scattering and enable the display to be operated at reduced voltages.

Abstract: Liquid crystal compositions containing pleochroic dyes. The pleochroic dyes are substituted anthraquinone dyes containing at least one carbocyclic or heterocyclic group linked to the anthraquinone moiety through a sulfur atom. The dyes are used in guest-host combinations with nematic liquid crystal compositions having positive dielectric anisotropy. Electro-optic devices containing these guest-host combinations are disclosed.

Abstract: Semiconductive compositions are produced by the inclusion of a particular class of dyes into a polymeric binder. When the binder is an organic photoconductive binder, the dyes act as exceptionally good sensitizers for the photoconductive material.

Abstract: An inhibitor removing bath for effecting color formation in a color positive development process which bath comprises a color accelerating agent, a contrast control agent and a pH control agent. The inhibitor removing bath may further contain in a preferred embodiment a color reversal agent. A complete color photographic development process using this inhibitor removing bath is found to provide color positive transparencies of excellent quality.

Abstract: Anils of 1,4- and 1,8-diaminoanthraquinone with p-alkyl- and p-alkoxybenzaldehyde are found to be pleochroic dyes which form guest-host combinations with dielectrically positive anisotropic nematic liquid crystals. These combinations are of value in electro-optical display devices.

Abstract: Semiconductive compositions are produced by the inclusion of a particular class of dyes into a polymeric binder. When the binder is an organic photoconductive binder, the dyes act as exceptionally good sensitizers for the photoconductive material.

Abstract: Methine 4-nitro-arylidene dyes having certain substituents in the 2 position of the arylidene group are found to be pleochroic and to form guest-host combinations with dielectrically positive anisotropic nematic liquid crystals. These combinations are employed in electro-optical display devices.

Abstract: A pressure sensitive electrical switch has a monostable snap disc which is deformed in response to the application of sufficient force. A pressure reducer transmits a force proportional to the pressure of a fluid. The reducer has an annular force transmitting ring which applies force to the snap disc along a circle which is substantially concentric with the disc. By changing the force reducer in a switch to one having a different diameter ring, the operating characteristics of the switch may be changed.

Abstract: Semiconductive compositions are produced by the inclusion of a particular class of dyes into a polymeric binder. When the binder is an organic photoconductive binder, the dyes act as exceptionally good sensitizers for the photoconductive material.