Abstract: A microwave heating apparatus with a tubular waveguide applicator and reactive and resistive chokes to decrease leakage. Microwave-transparent centering elements maintain articles to be treated centered in the applicator. Articles, such as individual cylindrical articles or continuous cylindrical strands, advance through the applicator in a direction in or opposite to the direction of propagation of microwaves. The resistive chokes have conductive vanes coated with a dielectric material that absorbs microwave energy that leaks through the reactive chokes to allow for large openings for large-diameter articles. The waveguide applicator is operated in the TE01 mode to concentrate microwave heating energy along the outer circumferences of the articles.

Abstract: A microwave heating apparatus with a tubular waveguide applicator forming a heating chamber and with microwave-transparent centering elements to maintain product to be treated in proximity to the centerline axis of the chamber. Product is conveyed through the chamber in a direction in or opposite to the direction of propagation of microwaves. Cylindrical chokes at product entrance and exit openings into the chamber prevent microwave leakage and allow for large openings for large products. In some versions, a low-loss inner tube in the chamber coaxial with the tubular applicator is used to confine product to be heated in proximity to the centerline axis of the chamber to be heated effectively by microwaves with a TM01 field pattern.

Abstract: A microwave heating apparatus with a tubular waveguide applicator and reactive and resistive chokes to decrease leakage. Microwave-transparent centering elements maintain articles to be treated centered in the applicator. Articles, such as individual cylindrical articles or continuous cylindrical strands, advance through the applicator in a direction in or opposite to the direction of propagation of microwaves. The resistive chokes have conductive vanes coated with a dielectric material that absorbs microwave energy that leaks through the reactive chokes to allow for large openings for large-diameter articles. The waveguide applicator is operated in the TE01 mode to concentrate microwave heating energy along the outer circumferences of the articles.

Abstract: A microwave heating apparatus with a tubular waveguide applicator forming a heating chamber and with microwave-transparent centering elements to maintain product to be treated in proximity to the centerline axis of the chamber. Product is conveyed through the chamber in a direction in or opposite to the direction of propagation of microwaves. Cylindrical chokes at product entrance and exit openings into the chamber prevent microwave leakage and allow for large openings for large products. In some versions, a low-loss inner tube in the chamber coaxial with the tubular applicator is used to confine product to be heated in proximity to the centerline axis of the chamber to be heated effectively by microwaves with a TM01 field pattern.

Abstract: Rare earth metal containing compounds of the formula Sr2YbSbO6 have been prepared with high critical temperature thin film superconductor structures, and can be fabricated into a superconductor insulator superconductor step edge Josephson junction, as well as being used in other ferroelectrics, pyroelectrics, and hybrid device structures.

Abstract: Rare earth metal containing compounds of the formula Sr2LuSbO6 and Sr2LaSbO6 have been prepared as high critical temperature thin film superconductor structures, and can be used in other ferroelectrics, pyroelectrics, piezoelectrics, and hybrid device structures.

Abstract: Rare earth metal containing compounds of the general formula Sr2RESbO6, wherein RE is a rare earth metal, have been prepared as dielectric substrates and buffer layers in thin film superconductor structures, and can be used in other ferroelectrics, pyroelectrics, piezoelectrics, and hybrid device structures.

Abstract: Rare earth metal containing compounds of the formula Sr2LuSbO6 have been prepared with high critical temperature thin film superconductor structures, and can be fabricated into an antenna, as well as being used in other ferroelectrics, pyroelectrics, piezoelectrics, and hybrid device structures.

Abstract: The present invention incorporates triple-mode, mono-block resonators that are tunable. Four novel and unobvious methods of tuning are disclosed. The first tuning method is to mechanically grind areas on three orthogonal faces of the mono-block in order to change the resonant frequencies of the three modes in each block. Another method of tuning frequency is to cut a slot within a face of the resonator. A third method of tuning the mono-block is to tune the resonant frequency of a particular mode by removing small circular areas of the conductive surface from a particular face of the mono-block. The fourth, tuning method is the use of discrete tuning elements, with 3 elements distributed among three orthogonal faces of the mono-block, to affect the necessary change of the resonant frequencies.

Abstract: A delay filter uses the dielectric mono-block triple-mode resonator and unique inter-resonator coupling structure, having smaller volume and higher power handling capacity. The triple-mode mono-block resonator has three resonators in one block. An input/output probe is connected to each metal plated dielectric block to transmit microwave signals. Corner cuts couple a mode oriented in one direction to a mode oriented in a second, mutually orthogonal direction. An aperture between two blocks couples all six resonant modes, and generates two inductive couplings by magnetic fields between two modes, and one capacitive coupling by electric fields. The input/output probes, coupling corner cuts and aperture are aligned such that all six resonators are coupled in the desired value and sign, so constant delay on the transmitted signal within certain bandwidth can be achieved. By connecting the input and output probes to the base printed circuit board, the delay filter is surface mountable.

Abstract: A low profile antenna includes an antenna and a ground plane structure operatively associated with the antenna. The ground plane structure has a generally planar surface, at least one protrusion extending from the planar surface and a dielectric substrate supported by the planar surface. The dielectric substrate includes a relative permeability (?) of greater than or equal to about one and a relative permittivity (?) of greater than or equal to about one.

Abstract: The present invention incorporates triple-mode, mono-block resonators that are smaller and less costly. The size reduction has two sources. First, the triple-mode mono-block resonator has three resonators in one block. This provides a 3-fold reduction in size compared to filters currently used which disclose one resonator per block. Secondly, the resonators are not air-filled coaxial resonators as in the standard combline construction, but are dielectric-filled blocks. The coupling between modes is accomplished by the corner cuts. One oriented along the Y axis and one oriented along the Z axis. In addition, a third corner cut along the X axis can be used. Corner cuts are used to couple a mode oriented in one direction to a mode oriented in a second mutually orthogonal direction. Each coupling represents one pole in the filter's response. Therefore, the triple-mode mono-block discussed above represents the equivalent of three poles or three electrical resonators.

Abstract: Rare earth metal containing compounds of the general formula Sr2RESbO6, wherein RE is a rare earth metal, have been prepared with high critical temperature thin film superconductor strucutures, and can be used in other ferroelectrics, pyroelectrics, piezoelectrics, and hybrid device structures.

Abstract: A microwave coupler has a planar form with a transmission line segment oriented at an angle relative to a main transmission line. The planar form of the transmission line, such as in a printed circuit board, helps reduce the size and manufacturing costs for the coupler. When placed a prescribed distance from the main transmission line and oriented at an appropriate angle, the directivity and coupling factor requirements can be met precisely with minimal tuning. Where fine tuning is required, a tuning screw and resistor disposed adjacent to the transmission line segment are provided.

Abstract: The present invention incorporates triple-mode, mono-block resonators that are smaller and less costly. The size reduction has two sources. First, the triple-mode mono-block resonator has three resonators in one block. This provides a 3-fold reduction in size compared to filters currently used which disclose one resonator per block. Secondly, the resonators are not air-filled coaxial resonators as in the standard combline construction, but are dielectric-filled blocks. The coupling between modes is accomplished by the corner cuts. One oriented along the Y axis and one oriented along the Z axis. In addition, a third corner cut along the X axis can be used. Corner cuts are used to couple a mode oriented in one direction to a mode oriented in a second mutually orthogonal direction. Each coupling represents one pole in the filter's response. Therefore, the triple-mode mono-block discussed above represents the equivalent of three poles or three electrical resonators.

Abstract: A delay filter uses the dielectric mono-block triple-mode resonator and unique inter-resonator coupling structure, having smaller volume and higher power handling capacity. The triple-mode mono-block resonator has three resonators in one block. An input/output probe is connected to each metal plated dielectric block to transmit microwave signals. Corner cuts couple a mode oriented in one direction to a mode oriented in a second, mutually orthogonal direction. An aperture between two blocks couples all six resonant modes, and generates two inductive couplings by magnetic fields between two modes, and one capacitive coupling by electric fields. The input/output probes, coupling corner cuts and aperture are aligned such that all six resonators are coupled in the desired value and sign, so constant delay on the transmitted signal within certain bandwidth can be achieved. By connecting the input and output probes to the base printed circuit board, the delay filter is surface mountable.

Abstract: The present invention incorporates triple-mode, mono-block resonators that are tunable. Four novel and unobvious methods of tuning are disclosed. The first tuning method is to mechanically grind areas on three orthogonal faces of the mono-block in order to change the resonant frequencies of the three modes in each block. Another method of tuning frequency is to cut a slot within a face of the resonator. A third method of tuning the mono-block is to tune the resonant frequency of a particular mode by removing small circular areas of the conductive surface from a particular face of the mono-block. The fourth, tuning method is the use of discrete tuning elements, with 3 elements distributed among three orthogonal faces of the mono-block, to affect the necessary change of the resonant frequencies.

Abstract: A microwave coupler has a planar form with a transmission line segment oriented at an angle relative to a main transmission line. The planar form of the transmission line, such as in a printed circuit board, helps reduce the size and manufacturing costs for the coupler. When placed a prescribed distance from the main transmission line and oriented at an appropriate angle, the directivity and coupling factor requirements can be met precisely with minimal tuning. Where fine tuning is required, a tuning screw and resistor disposed adjacent to the transmission line segment are provided.

Abstract: Compounds of the general formula A4MeSb3O12 wherein A is either barium (Ba) or strontium (Sr) and Me is an alkali metal ion selected from the group consisting of lithium (Li), sodium (Na) and potassium (K) have been prepared and included in high critical temperature thin film superconductors, ferroelectrics, pyroelectrics, piezoelectrics, and hybrid device structures.

Abstract: The microwave properties of numerous perovskite antimonates like A2MeSbO6 where A=Ba or Sr, Me=a rare earth, Y, Sc, Ga, or In and A4MeSb3O12 where A=Ba or Sr and M=Li, Na or K were measured at 10 Ghz and 300 K. Using the microwave properties and lattice parameters of these materials, the Clausius-Mossotti relationship and a nonlinear regression fitting program, the polarizability of Sb5+ was investigated and determined to be 1.18±0.49 A3. This low polarizability and the low loss of antimonates in general indicate that Sb5+ is an excellent candidate for use as a constituent in the fabrication of low dielectric constant, low loss, lattice matching perovskite oxide microwave substrates.