Abstract: A process for removing undesirable elements, e.g. nitrogen, sulfur, oxygen, from the light organic liquid product derived from a solvent refined coal liquefaction process, while preserving octane number, which comprises the steps of (1) subjecting the light liquids to an ion-exchange resin treatment and (2) contacting the resulting ion-exchanged liquids with a zeolite acting as an adsorbent under specified conditions of space velocity, temperature and pressure.

Abstract: A durene-containing gasoline obtained from the catalytic conversion of methanol after removal of at least the light olefinic fraction is subjected to hydrotreating by contact with hydrogen over a hydrogenation metal on an acidic or non-acidic support.

Abstract: A gaseous mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen is passed in contact over a first catalyst bed comprising an iron or cobalt containing Fischer-Tropsch catalyst in combination with a crystalline aluminosilicate of the class of crystalline zeolite represented by ZSM-5 so as to obtain a liquid hydrocarbon product having a boiling range of less than 400.degree. F. at a 90% overhead and being a predominantly olefinic product. The total products from said contact including said liquid hydrocarbon product are then converted over a second catalyst bed containing HZSM-5 to obtain a highly aromatic product, i.e., greater than 20 weight percent.

Abstract: Hydrocracked, low pour lubricating oils of good stability are manufactured by passing a suitable hydrocarbon feed sequentially through a hydrocracking zone, a catalytic dewaxing zone, and a hydrotreating zone, all at high pressure and in that order, and with separation of hydrocrackate from recycle hydrogen prior to dewaxing. Only clean makeup hydrogen is fed to the dewaxer, passed through the hydrotreater, and then on to the hydrocracker, thereby providing an exceptionally efficient process.

Abstract: Hydrocracked, low pour lubricating oils of good stability are manufactured by passing a suitable hydrocarbon feed and hydrogen sequentially through a hydrocracking zone, a catalytic dewaxing zone, and a hydrotreating zone, all at high pressure and in that order, with purification of the hydrogen gas prior to passage to the dewaxing zone. By maintaining all zones at high pressure, the efficiency of the process is augmented.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for the conversion of a syngas to a liquid hydrocarbon product having a boiling range of less than 400.degree. F. at a 90% overhead and being a predominantly olefinic product, wherein the olefins have substantially internal double bonds. The method for accomplishing this stated result involves an improvement in the method for the conversion of synthesis gas by contacting the same with a catalyst composite comprising a mixture of a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst and a volume excess of an acidic catalyst, e.g., silica-alumina or a crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite and wherein the activity of the acidic component is balanced with the activity of the Fischer-Tropsch component so as to maximize the yield of desired olefinic product.

Abstract: Hydrocarbon oils, especially waxy distillate lubricating oil stocks suitable for the preparation, by conventional unit processes, of high V.I., low pour point lubricating oils, are advantageously catalytically dewaxed with synthetic offretite catalyst preferably associated with a hydrogenation metal such as platinum or palladium.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for separating ethylene in admixture with light olefins by contacting said olefinic mixture under very critical reaction conditions over a special catalyst, such as a zeolite of the ZSM-5 type so as to selectively react the C.sub.3 and higher olefins and convert the same to both gasoline and fuel oil.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the treatment of highly olefinic gasoline containing at least about 50% by weight of olefins by contacting said olefinic gasoline with a special group of acidic crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites, such as those of the ZSM-5 type in order to enhance the gum stability of said gasoline and produce products comprising both gasoline and fuel oil.

Abstract: Waxy distillate lubricating oil stocks suitable for the preparation, by conventional unit processes, of high V.I., low pour point lubricating oils, are advantageously catalytically dewaxed with macrocrystalline ZSM-5 (crystallites larger than 2 microns) preferably associated with a hydrogenation metal such as platinum or palladium.

Abstract: An improved method is disclosed for converting synthesis gas to hydrocarbon mixtures wherein the syngas is contacted with a special catalyst comprising a crystalline zeolite having a silica-to-alumina ratio of greater than 200 (including zeolites containing essentially no alumina) and an (R.sub.2 O+ M.sub.2 /.sub.n O): SiO.sub.2 ratio of less than 1.1:1 where M is a metal other than a metal of Group IIIA, n is the valence of said metal, and R is an alkyl ammonium radical, said organosilicate being characterized by a specified x-ray diffraction pattern. In a specific embodiment of this invention, synthesis gas is contacted with a catalyst comprising an intimate mixture of said crystalline zeolite catalyst and iron-containing, Fischer-Tropsch catalyst to produce a liquid hydrocarbon product having a boiling range of less than 400.degree. F.

Abstract: An improved processing technique is provided for gas oil pour point reduction and dewaxing. The improved technique comprises contacting an appropriate gas oil feedstock with a catalyst comprising a crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite characterized by a silica/alumina mole ratio of at least 12 and a constraint index, hereinafter defined, within the approximate range of 1 to 12 in the presence of a relatively large amount of co-fed water. The amount of co-fed water is maintained at from about 0.5 to about 15 moles of water/mole of gas oil feedstock.

Abstract: An improved processing technique is provided for conversion of olefins of 2 to 4 carbon atoms to product comprising high octane gasoline components. Embodiments of the present improved processing technique include conversion of light olefins to high octane olefinic gasoline components, and conversion of light olefins to high octane aromatic gasoline components.The improved technique comprises contacting an appropriate light olefin feedstock with a catalyst comprising a crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite characterized by a silica/alumina mole ratio of at least 12 and a constraint index, hereinafter defined, within the approximate range of 1 to 12 in the presence of a relatively large amount of co-fed water. The amount of co-fed water is maintained at from about 0.5 to about 15 moles of water/mole of olefin feedstock.

Abstract: The product of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis is separated to recover a C.sub.5 -400.degree. F liquid fraction which is thereafter upgraded to a higher octane gasoline fraction and a low-pour, high diesel index fuel oil by a "dense phase" process using HZSM-5 and related zeolites as catalysts.

Abstract: Fischer-Tropsch synthol naptha is upgraded to high octane gasoline with minimum yield loss in a multistep process comprising fractionating the synthol naptha to give a C.sub.5 + C.sub.6 fraction and C.sub.7.sup.+ fraction, processing the C.sub.5 + C.sub.6 fraction over a ZSM-5 catalyst under dense phase conditions, pretreating and reforming the C.sub.7.sup.+ fraction under conventional conditions, and blending the C.sub.5.sup.+ products from both the C.sub.5 + C.sub.6 and C.sub.7.sup.+ processing steps.

Abstract: An integrated process for converting coal to high octane gasoline by gasifying the coal in such manner as to form a gas comprising carbon oxides, hydrogen and methane; contacting this gas in one or a series of steps with one or a series of catalysts, respectively comprising a special high silica to alumina ratio zeolite; converting the carbon oxides and hydrogen by such contact to a product comprising water, high octane aromatic gasoline and light hydrocarbon gases; alkylating the C.sub.3 and C.sub.4 olefins with the isobutane in the light gases to produce alkylate gasoline; admixing the aromatic and alkylate gasolines; and subjecting the C.sub.2.sup.- portion of the product to catalytic methanation via a nickel catalyst to produce synthetic natural gas.

Abstract: Natural gas is steam reformed to a mixture of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and hydrogen which mixture is converted, over a methanol synthesis catalyst, to a mixture of methanol, carbon oxides and hydrogen which methanol is converted to C.sub.5.sup.+ hydrocarbon gasoline, light gas and water, the water is separated out and may be recycled as steam, the portion of the hydrocarbon fraction which comprises light olefins and isobutane is subjected to acid alkylation to product very high octane hydrocarbon gasoline which is admixed with the C.sub.5.sup.+ hydrocarbon gasoline from the methanol conversion. The light fuel gas (C.sub.1 to C.sub.2) produced in the methanol conversion is recycled to the steam reformer and the LPG (C.sub.3 + C.sub.4) produced therein is recovered and sold.

Abstract: An integrated process for converting coal to high octane gasoline by gasifying the coal in such manner as to form a gas comprising carbon oxides, hydrogen and methane; contacting this gas in one or a series of steps with one or a series of catalysts, respectively comprising a special high silica to alumina ratio zeolite; converting the carbon oxides and hydrogen by such contact to a product comprising water, high octane aromatic gasoline and light hydrocarbon gases; alkylating the C.sub.3 and C.sub.4 olefins with the isobutane in the light gases to produce alkylate gasoline; admixing the aromatic and alkylate gasoline; and subjecting the C.sub.2 .sup.- portion of the product to steam reforming whereby additional synthesis gas to be admixed with the gas produced by coal gasification is formed.

Abstract: It is known to convert methanol and/or other relatively low molecular weight organic compounds containing at least one oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen or halogen hetero atom to high octane gasoline by contacting such with a particular group of crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites at conversion conditions. The instant disclosure shows improvements in total gasoline production from such process by inclusion of natural gas liquid or other light hydrocarbons having low octane numbers, preferably paraffinic, in the feed to said process thereby converting at least a portion of these lighter materials as well to high octane gasoline boiling range components.

Abstract: Foots oil, the by-product left when high quality wax is recovered by a solvent dewaxing process, is usually used as cracker feed stock. There is disclosed a method of converting it to higher quality lubricant base stock by subjecting such to catalytic hydroprocessing utilizing a ZSM-5 or similarly behaving zeolite catalyst under hydrogen pressure followed by distillation of the product to remove light products such as naphtha, LPG and No. 2 fuel oil therefrom.