Abstract: Dynamically adapting the layout of a document to a particular output device. The layout of a document can be adapted to a particular output device so that the document fully utilizes the capabilities of the output device. A layout generator interrogates the output device to determine the capabilities of the output device. Based upon the capabilities of the output device, the layout generator selects a style sheet to accommodate the particular output device. The style sheet assigns values to format properties such as font properties, color and background properties, and text properties. The layout of the document is adapted to the particular output device by rendering the document on the output device using the values defined in the style sheet.

Abstract: A muffler is disclosed that includes a housing, an inlet pipe, an outlet pipe, a first partition with first apertures, and a second partition with second apertures. The first partition and housing define a first chamber with which the inlet pipe communicates. The second partition and housing define a second chamber with which the outlet pipe communicates. The second partition is spaced from the first partition to define an intermediate chamber. The muffler also includes a sound absorbing member encapsulated within the intermediate chamber. Exhaust noise entering through the inlet pipe enters the first chamber, moves through the first apertures into the intermediate chamber, moves through the second apertures into the second chamber, and exits through the outlet pipe. Exhaust noise is reduced when passing through the sound absorbing member.

Abstract: An integrated circuit and a method of manufacturing the integrated circuit, the method including: (a) providing a substrate; (b) forming a copper diffusion barrier layer on the substrate; (c) forming a dielectric layer on a top surface of the copper diffusion barrier layer; (d) forming a copper damascene or dual damascene wire in the dielectric layer, a top surface of the copper damascene or dual damascene wire coplanar with a top surface of the dielectric layer; (e) forming a first capping layer on the top surface of the wire and the top surface of the dielectric layer; (f) after step (e) performing one or more characterization procedures in relation to said integrated circuit; and (g) after step (e) forming a second capping layer on a top surface of the first capping layer.

Abstract: An integrated circuit and a method of manufacturing the integrated circuit, the method including: (a) providing a substrate; (b) forming a copper diffusion barrier layer on the substrate; (c) forming a dielectric layer on a top surface of the copper diffusion barrier layer; (d) forming a copper damascene or dual damascene wire in the dielectric layer, a top surface of the copper damascene or dual damascene wire coplanar with a top surface of the dielectric layer; (e) forming a first capping layer on the top surface of the wire and the top surface of the dielectric layer; (f) after step (e) performing one or more characterization procedures in relation to said integrated circuit; and (g) after step (e) forming a second capping layer on a top surface of the first capping layer.

Abstract: A method and system for matching digital information flow to the human perception system. In various embodiments, multi-monitor (multimon) support is leveraged to take advantage of multiple windowing and window positioning to separate elements of different tasks into information planes (which are based on a concept of “triage and focus”). Triage watches the flow of incoming information and determines the nature of the information. Based on the nature of the information and principles of human perception, Focus (or defocus) displays the information where the information is best viewed.

Abstract: A method and system for matching digital information flow to the human perception system. In various embodiments, multi-monitor (multimon) support is leveraged to take advantage of multiple windowing and window positioning to separate elements of different tasks into information planes (which are based on a concept of “triage and focus”). Triage watches the flow of incoming information and determines the nature of the information. Based on the nature of the information and principles of human perception, Focus (or defocus) displays the information where the information is best viewed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and apparatus for increasing the perceived quality of displayed images. This is achieved in a variety of ways including the use of a plurality of device specific display characteristics when preparing images for display. It is also achieved through the monitoring of display device and/or ambient light conditions, e.g., on a periodic basis, and using the obtained information when controlling display output. Another approach to improving the perceived quality of displayed images involves the use of information relating to a specific user's ability to perceive image characteristics such as color. By customizing display output to an individual user's own physical perception capabilities and/or viewing characteristics it is possible to enhance the image quality perceived by the individual viewer as compared to embodiments which do not take into consideration individual user characteristics.

Abstract: A wheelbarrow including a first lever providing at least one handle rigidly coupled to a second lever providing a bucket for carrying a payload. A lever assembly including the first lever rigidly coupled to the second lever. Kits including the levers or the lever assembly. Manufacturing processes for the wheelbarrow and the lever assembly including converting a conventional wheelbarrow.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and apparatus for increasing the perceived quality of displayed images. This is achieved in a variety of ways including the use of a plurality of device specific display characteristics when preparing images for display. It is also achieved through the monitoring of display device and/or ambient light conditions, e.g., on a periodic basis, and using the obtained information when controlling display output. Another approach to improving the perceived quality of displayed images involves the use of information relating to a specific user's ability to perceive image characteristics such as color. By customizing display output to an individual user's own physical perception capabilities and/or viewing characteristics it is possible to enhance the image quality perceived by the individual viewer as compared to embodiments which do not take into consideration individual user characteristics.

Abstract: A charge coupled device (CCD) circuit employing substrate electrical bounce compensation circuitry that is particularly useful in a cinematography digital image capture cameras. An exemplary CCD circuit comprises a CCD array having a substrate that is coupled to an output node. The output of the CCD array (substrate) is coupled to a gate input of a reset field effect transistor (FET). The output node is coupled to a source input of the reset FET. The output of the CCD array is coupled to the substrate bounce compensation circuit which provides a video pedestal reference signal for the reset FET. The substrate bounce compensation circuit includes a capacitor that capacitively coupled the output of the CCD array to the drain of the reset FET, and a resistor that resistively couples the drain of the reset FET to a reset drain bias capacitor.

Abstract: A method for selling on-screen advertising based on the relative page percentage an advertisement consumes on a paginated page displayed on a user's display. The invention includes a payment model for on-screen advertising based on “eyeball space” and placement. In one embodiment, paginated adaptable pages with advertising panes are authored and adaptable advertisements are created to fit the advertising panes. Advertisements are then sold based in part on a percentage of on-screen display space they occupy.

Abstract: An on-screen advertising system that employs paginated on-screen pages that adapt based on display and window size and allow for the anchoring and sizing of advertisements based on a given relative paginated page size. Content is reflowed to fit the advertisements.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and computer program products for adding hinting instructions to a character in order to improve a character bitmap produced from an outline of the character at a certain size and output resolution when the character outline is scan converted. A character is retrieved to be output. A determination is made that the character belongs to a semantic character classifications, and hinting instructions that are associated with the semantic character classification are accessed. The hinting instructions preserve semantic meaning for the character while altering either stroke presence, stroke location, or both for at least one stroke of at least one feature of the character based on a reference character size and output resolution. If the actual character size and output resolution for the character is within a reference character size and output resolution for the hinting instructions, the hinting instructions are executed.

Abstract: An integrated circuit and a method of manufacturing the integrated circuit, the method including: (a) providing a substrate; (b) forming a copper diffusion barrier layer on the substrate; (c) forming a dielectric layer on a top surface of the copper diffusion barrier layer; (d) forming a copper damascene or dual damascene wire in the dielectric layer, a top surface of the copper damascene or dual damascene wire coplanar with a top surface of the dielectric layer; (e) forming a first capping layer on the top surface of the wire and the top surface of the dielectric layer; (f) after step (e) performing one or more characterization procedures in relation to said integrated circuit; and (g) after step (e) forming a second capping layer on a top surface of the first capping layer.

Abstract: A method and system for matching digital information flow to the human perception system. In various embodiments, multi-monitor (multimon) support is leveraged to take advantage of multiple windowing and window positioning to separate elements of different tasks into information planes (which are based on a concept of “triage and focus”). Triage watches the flow of incoming information and determines the nature of the information. Based on the nature of the information and principles of human perception, Focus (or defocus) displays the information where the information is best viewed.

Abstract: At least a portion of a plurality of formatting variables associated with an electronic document are modified based in part upon optimized formatting values. A user may specify values for one or more user-modifiable formatting variables. Based on the user data thus specified, at least a portion of the plurality of formatting variables are modified according to corresponding optimized formatting values. The electronic document is then formatted in accordance with the modified formatting variables and provided for display. The user-modifiable variables may comprise a font reference variable and/or a display form factor variable. In this manner, the present invention optimizes readability of electronic documents while still accommodating user preferences for displaying such documents.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for an electronic assembly. The electronic assembly has a first object created and separated from a host substrate. The first object has a first electrical circuitry therein. A carrier substrate is coupled to the first object wherein the first object is being recessed below a surface of the carrier substrate. The carrier substrate further includes a first carrier connection pad and a second carrier connection pad that interconnect with the first object using metal connectors. A receiving substrate, which is substantially planar, including a second electrical circuitry, a first receiving connection pad, and a second receiving connection pad that interconnect with the second electrical circuitry using the metal connectors. The carrier substrate is coupled to the receiving substrate using the connection pads mentioned.

Abstract: A down hole heating system for use with oil and gas wells which exhibit less than optimally achievable flow rates because of high oil viscosity and/or blockage by paraffin (or similar meltable petroleum byproducts). The heating unit the present invention includes shielding to prevent physical damage and shortages to electrical connections within the heating unit while down hole (a previously unrecognized source of system failures in prior art systems). The over-all heating system also includes heat retaining components to focus and contain heat in the production zone to promote flow to, and not just within, the production tubing.

Abstract: A high resolution, high frame rate digital cinematographic camera system having an improved shutter system. An exemplary digital cinematographic camera system comprises a digital camera with an image sensor, a shutter drive motor, and a double shutter system. The double shutter system comprises primary and secondary shutter blades that revolve at differential rates. A preferred double shutter comprises a 1× rotation speed primary shutter blade with an adjustable open angle of 360 degrees minus the equivalent angle read-out time of the image sensor and a 2× rotation speed secondary shutter blade with a fixed open angle of 360 degrees minus the effective clear aperture at the shutter plane. The 2× rotation speed secondary shutter blade has leading and lagging edge rates that are twice the leading and lagging edge speed of the primary shutter blade to provide additional exposure time and readout time.

Abstract: A method and resulting electronic package in which a heat sink is secured to the package's dielectric material (e.g., overmold). The surface of the dielectric is roughened (e.g., using an abrasive paper or pad) to enhance the subsequent dielectric-heat sink bond in which an adhesive is used. The dielectric material's roughened external surface(s), typically containing silicone material (e.g., silicone residue) which is an inherent by-product of many dielectric materials of the type used in such packaging, is (are) able to still be securely attached to the heat sink, despite the presence of said silicone. In another embodiment, the roughened surface enhances the marking of dielectric material of this type (e.g., using ink).