Abstract: Gate-all-around integrated circuit structures having fin stack isolation, and methods of fabricating gate-all-around integrated circuit structures having fin stack isolation, are described. For example, an integrated circuit structure includes a sub-fin structure on a substrate, the sub-fin structure having a top and sidewalls. An isolation structure is on the top and along the sidewalls of the sub-fin structure. The isolation structure includes a first dielectric material surrounding regions of a second dielectric material. A vertical arrangement of horizontal nanowires is on a portion of the isolation structure on the top surface of the sub-fin structure.

Abstract: One aspect of the present disclosure relates to a system for treating a medical condition in a patient. The system can include a neurostimulator that is in electrical communication with a remote transducer. The neurostimulator can be sized and dimensioned for injection or insertion into a pterygopalatine fossa (PPF) of a patient. The remote transducer, when activated and brought into close proximity to the patient's head, can cause the neurostimulator to deliver an electrical signal to a target neural structure located within the PPF to treat the medical condition.

Abstract: Gate-all-around integrated circuit structures having low aspect ratio isolation structures and subfins, and method of fabricating gate-all-around integrated circuit structures having low aspect ratio isolation structures and subfins, are described. For example, an integrated circuit structure includes a first vertical arrangement of horizontal nanowires above a first subfin. A second vertical arrangement of horizontal nanowires is above a second subfin laterally adjacent the first subfin. An isolation structure is laterally between the first subfin and the second subfin, the isolation structure having a maximum height and a maximum width with a maximum height to maximum width ratio of less than 3:1.

Abstract: Gate-all-around integrated circuit structures having an insulator substrate, and methods of fabricating gate-all-around integrated circuit structures having an insulator substrate, are described. For example, an integrated circuit structure includes a semiconductor fin on an insulator substrate. A vertical arrangement of horizontal nanowires is over the semiconductor fin. A gate stack surrounds a channel region of the vertical arrangement of horizontal nanowires, and the gate stack is overlying a channel region of the semiconductor fin. A pair of epitaxial source or drain structures is at first and second ends of the vertical arrangement of horizontal nanowires and the semiconductor fin.

Abstract: Gate-all-around integrated circuit structures fabricated using alternate etch selective material, and the resulting structures, are described. For example, an integrated circuit structure includes a vertical arrangement of horizontal nanowires. A gate stack is over the vertical arrangement of horizontal nanowires. A pair of dielectric spacers is along sides of the gate stack and over the vertical arrangement of horizontal nanowires. A metal oxide material is between adjacent ones of the vertical arrangement of horizontal nanowires at a location between the pair of dielectric spacers and the sides of the gate stack.

Abstract: Gate-all-around structures having devices with source/drain-to-substrate electrical contact are described. An integrated circuit structure includes a first vertical arrangement of horizontal nanowires above a first fin. A first gate stack is over the first vertical arrangement of horizontal nanowires. A first pair of epitaxial source or drain structures is at first and second ends of the first vertical arrangement of horizontal nanowires. One or both of the first pair of epitaxial source or drain structures is directly electrically coupled to the first fin. A second vertical arrangement of horizontal nanowires is above a second fin. A second gate stack is over the second vertical arrangement of horizontal nanowires. A second pair of epitaxial source or drain structures is at first and second ends of the second vertical arrangement of horizontal nanowires. Both of the second pair of epitaxial source or drain structures is electrically isolated from the second fin.

Abstract: Gate-all-around integrated circuit structures having adjacent deep via substrate contact for sub-fin electrical contact are described. For example, an integrated circuit structure includes a conductive via on a semiconductor substrate. A vertical arrangement of horizontal nanowires is above a fin protruding from the semiconductor substrate. A channel region of the vertical arrangement of horizontal nanowires is electrically isolated from the fin. The fin is electrically coupled to the conductive via. A gate stack is over the vertical arrangement of horizontal nanowires.

Abstract: Gate-all-around integrated circuit structures having devices with channel-to-substrate electrical contact are described. For example, an integrated circuit structure includes a first vertical arrangement of horizontal nanowires above a first fin. A channel region of the first vertical arrangement of horizontal nanowires is electrically coupled to the first fin by a semiconductor material layer directly between the first vertical arrangement of horizontal nanowires and the first fin. A first gate stack is over the first vertical arrangement of horizontal nanowires. A second vertical arrangement of horizontal nanowires is above a second fin. A channel region of the second vertical arrangement of horizontal nanowires is electrically isolated from the second fin. A second gate stack is over the second vertical arrangement of horizontal nanowires.

Abstract: Gate-all-around integrated circuit structures having adjacent structures for sub-fin electrical contact are described. For example, an integrated circuit structure includes a semiconductor island on a semiconductor substrate. A vertical arrangement of horizontal nanowires is above a fin protruding from the semiconductor substrate. A channel region of the vertical arrangement of horizontal nanowires is electrically isolated from the fin. The fin is electrically coupled to the semiconductor island. A gate stack is over the vertical arrangement of horizontal nanowires.

Abstract: An automatic classification method for distinguishing between indolent and clinically significant carcinoma using multiparametric MRI (mp-MRI) imaging is provided. By utilizing a convolutional neural network (CNN), which automatically extracts deep features, the hierarchical classification framework avoids deficiencies in current schemes in the art such as the need to provide handcrafted features predefined by a domain expert and the precise delineation of lesion boundaries by a human or computerized algorithm. This hierarchical classification framework is trained using previously acquired mp-MRI data with known cancer classification characteristics and the framework is applied to mp-MRI images of new patients to provide identification and computerized cancer classification results of a suspicious lesion.

Abstract: An integrated circuit structure comprises a semiconductor fin protruding through a trench isolation region above a substrate. A gate structure is over the semiconductor fin. A plurality of vertically stacked nanowires is through the gate structure, wherein the plurality of vertically stacked nanowires includes a top nanowire adjacent to a top of the gate structure, and a bottom nanowire adjacent to a top of the semiconductor fin. A dielectric material covers only a portion of the plurality of vertically stacked nanowires outside the gate structure, such that one or more one of the plurality of vertically stacked nanowires starting with the top nanowire is exposed from the dielectric material. Source and drain regions are on opposite sides of the gate structure connected to the exposed ones of the plurality of vertically stacked nanowires.

Abstract: Fin shaping using templates, and integrated circuit structures resulting therefrom, are described. For example, integrated circuit structure includes a semiconductor fin having a protruding fin portion above an isolation structure above a substrate. The protruding fin portion has a vertical portion and one or more lateral recess pairs in the vertical portion. A gate stack is over and conformal with the protruding fin portion of the semiconductor fin. A first source or drain region is at a first side of the gate stack. A second source or drain region is at a second side of the gate stack opposite the first side of the gate stack.

Abstract: Fabrication of narrow and wide structures based on lithographic patterning of exclusively narrow mask structures. Multi-patterning may be employed to define narrow mask structures. Wide mask structures may be derived through a process-based merging of multiple narrow mask structures. The merge may include depositing a cap layer over narrow structures, filling in minimum spaces. The cap layer may be removed leaving residual cap material only within minimum spaces. Narrow and wide structures may be etched into an underlayer based on a summation of the narrow mask structures and residual cap material. A plug pattern may further mask portions of the cap layer not completely filling space between adjacent mask structures. The underlayer may then be etched based on a summation of the narrow mask structures, plug pattern, and residual cap material. Such methods may be utilized to integrate nanoribbon transistors with nanowire transistors in an integrated circuit (IC).

Abstract: Non-planar integrated circuit structures having mitigated source or drain etch from replacement gate process are described. For example, an integrated circuit structure includes a fin or nanowire. A gate stack is over the fin or nanowire. The gate stack includes a gate dielectric and a gate electrode. A first dielectric spacer is along a first side of the gate stack, and a second dielectric spacer is along a second side of the gate stack. The first and second dielectric spacers are over at least a portion of the fin or nanowire. An insulating material is vertically between and in contact with the portion of the fin or nanowire and the first and second dielectric spacers. A first epitaxial source or drain structure is at the first side of the gate stack, and a second epitaxial source or drain structure is at the second side of the gate stack.

Abstract: Sub-fin isolation schemes for gate-all-around (GAA) transistor devices are provided herein. In some cases, the sub-fin isolation schemes include forming one or more dielectric layers between each of the source/drain regions and the substrate. In some such cases, the one or more dielectric layers include material native to the gate sidewall spacers, for example, or other dielectric material. In other cases, the sub-fin isolation schemes include substrate modification that results in oppositely-type doped semiconductor material under each of the source/drain regions and in the sub-fin. The oppositely-type doped semiconductor material results in the interface between that material and each of the source/drain regions being a p-n or n-p junction to block the flow of carriers through the sub-fin. The various sub-fin isolation schemes described herein enable better short channel characteristics for GAA transistors (e.g.

Abstract: Integrated circuit structures including increased transistor source/drain (S/D) contact area using a sacrificial S/D layer are provided herein. The sacrificial layer, which includes different material from the S/D material, is deposited into the S/D trenches prior to the epitaxial growth of that S/D material, such that the sacrificial layer acts as a space-holder below the S/D material. During S/D contact processing, the sacrificial layer can be selectively etched relative to the S/D material to at least partially remove it, leaving space below the S/D material for the contact metal to fill. In some cases, the contact metal is also between portions of the S/D material. In some cases, the contact metal wraps around the epi S/D, such as when dielectric wall structures on either side of the S/D region are employed. By increasing the S/D contact area, the contact resistance is reduced, thereby improving the performance of the transistor device.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for forming integrated circuits configured with self-aligned isolation walls and alternate channel materials. The alternate channel materials in such integrated circuits provide improved carrier mobility through the channel. In an embodiment, an isolation wall is between sets of fins, at least some of the fins including an alternate channel material. In such cases, the isolation wall laterally separates the sets of fins, and the alternate channel material provides improved carrier mobility. For instance, in the case of an NMOS device the alternate channel material is a material optimized for electron flow, and in the case of a PMOS device the alternate channel material is a material optimized for hole flow.

Abstract: A transistor structure includes a base and a body over the base. The body comprises a semiconductor material and has a first end portion and a second end portion. A gate structure is wrapped around the body between the first end portion and the second end portion, where the gate structure includes a gate electrode and a dielectric between the gate electrode and the body. A source is in contact with the first end portion and a drain is in contact with the second end portion. A first spacer material is on opposite sides of the gate electrode and above the first end portion. A second spacer material is adjacent the gate structure and under the first end portion of the nanowire body. The second spacer material is below and in contact with a bottom surface of the source and the drain.

Abstract: Isolation schemes for gate-all-around (GAA) transistor devices are provided herein. In some cases, the isolation schemes include changing the semiconductor nanowires/nanoribbons in a targeted channel region between active or functional transistor devices to electrically isolate those active devices. The targeted channel region is referred to herein as a dummy channel region, as it is not used as an actual channel region for an active or functional transistor device. The semiconductor nanowires/nanoribbons in the dummy channel region can be changed by converting them to an electrical insulator and/or by adding dopant that is opposite in type relative to surrounding source/drain material (to create a p-n junction). The isolation schemes described herein enable neighboring active devices to retain strain in the nanowires/nanoribbons of their channel regions, thereby improving device performance.

Abstract: Self-aligned gate endcap (SAGE) architectures with gate-all-around devices, and methods of fabricating self-aligned gate endcap (SAGE) architectures with gate-all-around devices, are described. In an example, an integrated circuit structure includes a semiconductor fin above a substrate and having a length in a first direction. A nanowire is over the semiconductor fin. A gate structure is over the nanowire and the semiconductor fin, the gate structure having a first end opposite a second end in a second direction, orthogonal to the first direction. A pair of gate endcap isolation structures is included, where a first of the pair of gate endcap isolation structures is spaced equally from a first side of the semiconductor fin as a second of the pair of gate endcap isolation structures is spaced from a second side of the semiconductor fin.