Abstract: A grate bar having a base body made from a first material and a grate bar reinforcement which has a material that is different from the first material. The base body has a running surface having a longitudinal extent, an upper side and an underside, and a center line between the upper side and the underside in the longitudinal extent, which center line extends through the center of gravity of the running surface. The grate bar reinforcement is arranged below the center line and joined to the base body.

Abstract: The present invention refers to a coating apparatus for coating a substrate of a substrate material with at least one material layer of a layer material, said coating apparatus comprising a process chamber having a process volume for receiving a substrate holder for arranging the substrate, wherein the substrate holder is arranged in a fixed position in the process volume such that the substrate holder can furthermore be provided rotatable and/or movable essentially in a plane normal to the deposition direction as a whole, wherein the process chamber has a chamber wall for at least substantially completely enclosing the process volume; a gas system connected in a fluid-communicating manner to the process volume for generating a coating atmosphere in the process volume; and a source holder arranged in the process volume and providing at least one source material.

Abstract: The invention is related to a method of using a thermal laser evaporation (TLE) system (100), the system (100) comprising a reaction chamber (10) fillable with a reaction atmosphere (14), one or more sources (30) arranged in the reaction chamber (10), each source (30) comprising a source material (32), and a laser source (50) for providing laser radiation (52) at a surface (34) of the source (30) and thereby evaporating the source material (32). Further, the invention is related to a thermal laser evaporation system (100) comprising a reaction chamber (10) fillable with a reaction atmosphere (14), one or more sources (30) arranged in the reaction chamber (10), each source comprising a source material (32), and coupling means (12) provided by the reaction chamber (10) for coupling laser radiation (52) into the reaction chamber (10) for impinging on a surface (34) of the source (30) and thereby evaporating the source material (32).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a temperature control system (10) for adjusting a temperature (60) of a vacuum chamber (102), the temperature control system (10) comprising conduits (20) which can be thermally coupled to a chamber wall (110) of the vacuum chamber (102), a fluid pump (50), temperature adjusting means (30) comprising a heating means (32) or both a heating means (32) and a cooling means (34), and tubing (52) for fluidly connecting said conduits (20), fluid pump (50), and temperature adjusting means (30), respectively. Further, the present invention relates to a vacuum system (100) with a vacuum chamber (102), the vacuum chamber (102) comprising a chamber wall (110) enclosing a vacuum volume (106), a vacuum pump system (104) connected to the vacuum chamber (102) for evacuating the vacuum volume (106), and a temperature control system (10) for adjusting a temperature (60) of a vacuum chamber (102).

Abstract: The invention is related to a method of using a thermal laser evaporation (TLE) system (100), the system (100) comprising a reaction chamber (10) fillable with a reaction atmosphere (14), one or more sources (30) arranged in the reaction chamber (10), each source (30) comprising a source material (32), and a laser source (50) for providing laser radiation (52) at a surface (34) of the source (30) and thereby sublimating the source material (32). Further, the invention is related to a thermal laser evaporation system (100) comprising a reaction chamber (10) fillable with a reaction atmosphere (14), one or more sources (30) arranged in the reaction chamber (10), each source comprising a source material (32), and coupling means (12) provided by the reaction chamber (10) for coupling laser radiation (52) into the reaction chamber (10) for impinging on a surface (34) of the source (30) and thereby sublimating the source material (32).

Abstract: Provided is a polyolefin composition including a) at least one polypropylene homopolymer, b) 10-45 wt % (based on the overall weight of the polyolefin composition) of a mixed-plastics polypropylene blend of recycled plastic material; c) glass fibers; and d) at least one coupling agent, and optionally further additives, wherein the sum of all ingredients add always up to 100 wt %. The polyolefin composition has a melt flow rate MFR2 (230° C., 2.16 kg, measured according to ISO 1133) of at least 5 g/10 min; a tensile modulus at 23° C. of at least 5000 MPa (ISO 527-2), and a tensile stress at yield at 23° C. of at least 80 MPa.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an optical element (10) for use with a reaction chamber (70), in particular a reaction chamber (70) of a thermal laser evaporation system, the reaction chamber (70) having a chamber wall (72), with a flange (80) of the reaction chamber (70) being arranged at an opening (74) in the chamber wall (72). Further, the present invention relates to a reaction chamber (70), in particular reaction chamber (70) of a thermal laser evaporation system, comprising a chamber wall (72) enclosing a sealable reaction volume, in particular sealable with respect to the ambient atmosphere, the reaction volume fillable with a reaction atmosphere (90), the reaction chamber (70) further comprising a flange (80) arranged at an opening (74) in the chamber wall (72).

Abstract: An electrically driven motor vehicle has current collectors for pickup from a dual-pole power transmission line device. A device determines the voltages between a vehicle chassis and the current collectors. The device is a bridge circuit with two equal voltage divider resistors connected in series between the two current collectors and a bridge shunt resistor electrically connected to a center tap between the voltage divider resistors and to the vehicle chassis, or the device has two voltage measurement devices for determining a voltage between the first current collector and the vehicle chassis and a voltage between the second current collector and the vehicle chassis. There is also described a method for operating the motor vehicle and a system with the motor vehicle and a dual-pole power transmission line device.

Abstract: The present invention is related to a method of coating a coating region (58) on a front surface (56) of a substrate (50) with a source material (40) thermally evaporated and/or sublimated from a source (30) by electromagnetic radiation (80). Further, the present invention is related to an apparatus (100) for a thermal evaporation system (200) for coating a coating region (58) on a front surface (56) of a substrate (50) with a source material (40) thermally evaporated and/or sublimated by electromagnetic radiation (80) from a source (30).

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus (100) for a thermal evaporation system (200) and to a thermal evaporation system (200), respectively, for coating a coating region (58) on a front surface (56) of a substrate (50) with a source material (40) thermally evaporated and/or sublimated from a source (30) by electromagnetic radiation (80). Further, the present invention relates to a method coating a coating region (58) on a front surface (56) of a substrate (50) with a source material (40) from a source (30) thermally evaporated and/or sublimated by electromagnetic radiation (80).

Abstract: The present invention relates to an aperture (10) for electromagnetic radiation (100), preferably electromagnetic radiation (100) comprising a wavelength between 1 nm and 20 ?m, comprising an aperture body (20) made of a body material (22) transparent for the electromagnetic radiation (100). Further, the present invention relates to a method for aligning an aperture (10), and additionally to a system (70) for applying electromagnetic radiation (100) onto a source material and a dispersing element (90) for such a system (70).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of preparing a surface of a bulk substrate as an epitaxial template, to an epitaxial template and to a device comprising such an epitaxial template.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of producing a solid-state component, in particular for a quantum component, preferably for a qubit, comprising one or more thin films, the one or more thin films comprising a first material and each said film having a thickness selected between a monolayer and 100 nm and is deposited onto a substrate surface of a substrate, wherein the production process is carried out in a reaction chamber sealed with respect to the ambient atmosphere. Further, the invention relates to a solid-state component, in particular for a quantum component, preferably for a qubit, comprising one or more thin films, one of the one or more thin films comprises a first material with a thickness between a monolayer and 100 nm and is deposited onto a substrate surface of a substrate.

Abstract: A radial foil bearing operable in a single rotational direction includes an outer ring and a plurality of foil packs. Each foil pack has a top foil and a corrugated foil arranged radially between the outer ring and the top foil. Each top foil has a first end fixed to the outer ring and a second end, opposite the first end, that is freely movable and overlaps a circumferentially adjacent top foil. A predetermined angular range of the second end is arranged to contact a shaft.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of providing a reaction chamber (10) for a laser evaporation system (100), the reaction chamber (10) comprising at least one wall section (20) with an inner surface (22) facing a reaction volume (12) of the laser evaporation system (100). In addition, the present invention relates to a reaction chamber (10) for a laser evaporation system (100), the reaction chamber (10) comprising at least one wall section (20) with an inner surface (22) enclosing a reaction volume (12). Further, the present invention relates to a laser evaporation system (100) comprising a reaction chamber (10).

Abstract: The present invention is related to a thermal laser evaporation system (10), the thermal laser evaporation system (10) comprising: a reaction chamber (20) with a chamber wall (30) for enclosing a reaction volume (22); a target (12) arranged in the reaction volume (22), the target comprising one or more materials (M) to be evaporated; a laser light source (40) for providing a thermal laser beam (42) for evaporating said one or more materials (M) from the target (12), the thermal laser beam having a general propagation direction (46); and a chamber window (38) in the chamber wall (30) for conducting the thermal laser beam (42) into the reaction volume (22);

Abstract: The present invention is related to a method for running a laser system (10) for providing a laser beam (22) for heating a surface (68) of a target (66) located in a reaction chamber (62) of an evaporation system (60), the laser system (10) comprising a laser light source (20) for providing an at least essentially parallel laser beam (22) with an at least essentially centrally peaked intensity profile (24). In addition, the present invention is related to a laser system (10) for heating a surface (68) of a target (66) located in a reaction chamber (62) of an evaporation system (60), the reaction chamber (62) comprising a chamber window (64), and the laser system (10) comprising a laser light source (20) for providing an at least essentially parallel laser beam (22) with an at least essentially centrally peaked intensity profile (24).

Abstract: The present invention relates to an aperture (10) for electromagnetic radiation (100), preferably electromagnetic radiation (100) comprising a wavelength between 1 nm and 20 ?m, comprising an aperture body (20) made of a body material (22) transparent for the electromagnetic radiation (100). Further, the present invention relates to a method for aligning an aperture (10), and additionally to a system (70) for applying electromagnetic radiation (100) onto a source material and a dispersing element (90) for such a system (70).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for controlling a flux distribution (30) of evaporated source material (20) in a system (10) for thermal evaporation with electromagnetic radiation (120), wherein the system (10) comprises an electromagnetic radiation source (110) for providing an electromagnetic radiation (120), a vacuum chamber (12) containing a reaction atmosphere (16) and a detector (40) for measuring electromagnetic radiation (120), wherein a source material (20) and a target material (18) to be coated are arranged in the vacuum chamber (12) and the radiation source is arranged such that its electromagnetic radiation (120) impinges at an angle, preferably at an angle of 45°, on a source surface (22) of the source material (20) for a thermal evaporation and/or sublimation of the source material (20) below the plasma threshold, and wherein the detector (40) for measuring electromagnetic radiation (120) is arranged such that electromagnetic radiation (120) reflected on the source surface (22) reache

Abstract: A radial foil bearing for supporting a shaft includes a sleeve-like bearing housing with an inner circumference and at least three foil packs distributed over the inner circumference and covering a portion of the inner circumference. Each of the at least three foil packs has an elastic corrugated foil resting against the inner circumference and a top foil. The elastic corrugated foil includes axially opposite side edges running in a circumferential direction and a narrowed portion disposed on at least one of the axially opposite side edges to reduce an axial width and a radial spring rigidity of the elastic corrugated foil at the narrowed portion. The top foil has an underside resting on the elastic corrugated foil and a top side forming a bearing surface for the shaft.