Abstract: The present invention describes a sensor assembly for detecting movements, wherein a sensor signal is produced in an active sensor (1) by an encoder (E) acted upon by the movement, and which includes a first device (2, 3, 4, 5) that permits converting the sensor signal, along with at least one additional information, into an output signal which can be transmitted to an evaluating device, and which is in particular characterized in that a second device (1a) is provided by which a signal voltage that depends on an air slot (d) between the active sensor (1) and the encoder (E) is detected and sent to the first device (2, 3, 4, 5) for transmission as additional information.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a circuit configuration with an A/D converter, especially for applications that are critical in terms of safety, which is especially characterized by a ramp signal generator for generating a ramp voltage that is delivered to the input of the A/D converter, and a test circuit for activating a test cycle which comprises a first run of the ramp, by which a reference measurement of the ramp signal generator is carried out for compensating component tolerances, and comprises a second run of the ramp where an error signal is output when the value that is calculated for a transmission characteristic of the A/D converter lies outside a predetermined tolerance range of the measured value of the transmission characteristic.

Abstract: An electronic digital device for controlling or adjusting processes in a motor vehicle has several components, of which at least one arithmetic unit and a bus connecting the components are redundant. At least one component is not redundant. The electronic device can exhibit a preferably redundant monitoring device which compares the data arising in the redundant systems and outputs an error signal when the data deviate from one another.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of transmitting data in pulse intervals of a rotational speed signal, wherein the maximum number of the transmittable data is determined from the period of time which is required for transmitting an information and from a time, which corresponds to the length of the pulse interval, and the maximum number of the data transmittable in a pulse interval is adapted by setting as time, which corresponds to the length of the pulse interval, a value that results from at least one recently measured pulse interval in consideration of a maximum value of the wheel acceleration. The present invention also relates to a circuit arrangement for implementing the method.

Abstract: An arrangement for sensing the rotational speeds of a wheel or any other rotating member includes a sensor module with a sensor element, a controllable current source with a modulator and a signal conditioning and evaluating circuit. The modulator controls the current source in response to the signals of the sensor element and/or external signals and, as an output signal of the sensor module, delivers a current signal representative of the rotational behavior with status or additional signals superposed on the current signal. The evaluating circuit of the sensor module includes at least two different signal-conditioning networks which, by way of a control network, in dependence on predetermined criteria or conditions, are connected between the sensor element and the modulator controlling the current source and take care of signal conditioning.

Abstract: A method of removing metallic mercury and ionic mercury from flue gases, especially of a power plant, is provided. A gas that contains sulfur dioxide, or other adequate amounts of sulfur in the form of H2S or COS, and a gas that contains hydrogen, are conveyed to a catalyzer for producing a gas that contains elemental sulfur and hydrogen sulfide. This gas is conveyed to flue gas upstream of a separator, wherein mercury in the flue gas reacts with the sulfur and ionic sulfur in the gas and is separated out in the separator.

Abstract: An arrangement for determining the rotational behavior of a rotating body or encoder (3) includes a sensor module (1) which comprises a sensor element (2; 2.1 to 2.4), a controllable power source (4) supplying a load-independent current representative of the rotational behavior, a modulator (5) that controls the power source (4) as a function of signals of the sensor element (2; 2.1 to 2.4) and of signals supplied by an external signal source through an additional port (K5), and an evaluating circuit (9). The sensor module (1) is magnetically coupled to the encoder (3). The output signal of the sensor module (1) is a signal, representative of the rotational behavior, with a superimposed status signal and/or additional signal.

Abstract: A circuit configuration for actuating active- and/or passive-operated warning signal generators or warning lamps (WL1, WL2) comprises an integrated circuit (IC1) having individual actuating steps (1,2) and connections for the individual warning signal generators. Moreover, an adapter connection (WLCON) is provided which upon connection to chassis configures the circuit (IC1) for the actuation of two passive warning lamps (Wlp) or other warning signal generators, permitting upon connection to an ohmic resistance (R) leading to chassis, actuation of an active (Wla) and a passive (Wlp) warning signal generator and configuring—if left open—the circuit (IC1) for actuating two active warning signal generators (Wla).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a circuit arrangement to monitor a regulated output voltage in an automotive vehicle, wherein the regulated output voltage is monitored as to whether defined threshold values have been exceeded and/or have fallen short of, wherein the circuit element for regulating the output voltage and the circuit element to monitor whether threshold values have been exceeded or have fallen short of are integrated in one chip, wherein the adjustment of the output voltage is effected by way of a first reference voltage, and wherein monitoring of the threshold values as to whether they have been exceeded or have fallen short of is conducted by way of a second reference voltage.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement for evaluating a binary signal defined by two current thresholds, particularly the output signal of an active sensor [(1′)], comprises a current source [(IQ′_,IQ11,IQ12,IQ13)] that can consist of individual current sources and is connected in series to the signal source, namely the sensor [(1′)]. The current source is inserted between the battery terminal [(IGW)] and the sensor terminal [(A1)] and serves simultaneously as a current limiter in case of a short circuit between the sensor terminal [(A1)] and ground [(GND)].

Abstract: A circuit arrangement for monitoring leakage currents of a circuit which includes a plurality of valve coils connected in parallel to a supply line and adapted to be connected to ground by way of individual switches, and wherein the supply line is connected by way of a main switch to the positive pole of the supply voltage source and, further, to a testing current source used as a test signal source, is designed such that prior to each closing of the main switch, with the individual switches still open, the testing current source is connected to the supply voltage source and thereby activated. The result is an increase of the voltage potential on the supply line. A comparator establishes the difference between the potentials on the supply line and the supply voltage. If the difference exceeds a threshold value, this indicates leakage current.

Abstract: A circuit configuration for controlling a major number of consumers (5) such as the electromagnetically operable multi-directional valves of an anti-lock control system (MWV1-MWVn) comprises a control unit (2, 3) whose output signals can be fed to the consumers (5) via amplifier stages (4). The individual amplifier stages (4; VS1-VSn) are designed as so-called “intelligent power drivers” and essentially consist of a power amplifier (18) with integrated electronic controls and monitors. The control unit (2, 3) and the amplifier stages (4; VS1-VSn) are interconnected to form a closed loop or chain. Data transfer is performed from a synchronous serial interface of the control unit (2, 3), via the individual amplifier stages (4; VS1-VSn) and back to a serial entry of the control unit (2, 3).

Abstract: In a method of monitoring an output module to which a number of inductive loads are connected and in which the current flowing through these inductive loads is regulated by clocked driving of the output stages, the current created in the blocked phases of the output stages by the inductively stored energy is partially or temporarily conducted across a common current measuring device and evaluated for testing the output stages, including the inductive loads.

Abstract: To monitor a data processing circuit which includes two (or a plurality of) microprocessors or other data processing systems which are mounted on a joint chip and connected by data lines, the microprocessors jointly produce data words which form a data word sequence and are transmitted to a monitoring circuit at predetermined times. The monitoring circuit is arranged on a separate chip. The data words of the data word sequence are checked by the monitoring circuit with respect to the contents and time of appearance of the individual data words. It is favorable to make up the individual data words of partwords which are produced according to different algorithms.

Abstract: To monitor the correct function of a microprocessor, microcontroller or any other program-controlled circuit data processing results are checked in the working cycle for correlation with data which are produced independently of the circuit to be monitored and independently of the program run in a monitoring circuit. If deviations indicative of a malfunction occur, a disabling signal is generated. To this effect, data words or a data word sequence is produced in the program run of the circuit to be monitored and transmitted to the monitoring circuit at predetermined times. The content of the data words and the timely appearance of the data words is monitored by way of the monitoring circuit. (FIG.

Abstract: A circuitry for detecting a fault current or leakage current on the supply line of an electronic circuit includes a current source which is rated for a maximum allowed fault current or leakage current. The current source is fed by an auxiliary voltage source. The potential on the supply line which prevails when the supply voltage is disconnected due to the leakage current is determined and assessed by a potential monitor.

Abstract: To evaluate the output signal of an active sensor which is configured as a binary current signal, a circuit arrangement is disclosed by which a proportional current is produced from the sensor current by way of a current mirror circuit. The current produced by a current mirroring operation is drawn from a stabilized voltage source by way of an ohmic resistance, and a binary voltage signal corresponding to the sensor output signal is generated thereby. The voltage signal is sent to a flipflop which compares the voltage signal with a reference value that is composed of a reference voltage and a hysteresis voltage. The change-over threshold of the flipflop is varied or adapted as a function of the actual sensor current, leakage currents, etc.

Abstract: A circuit for conditioning and digitizing an analog input signal that includes a control circuit taking the form of a delta modulator that has a comparator, a clock-controlled flip-flop, a digital accumulator and a digital-to-analog converter. The comparator compares the analog input signal with an adapted signal. The comparator output is conducted to the flip-flop which produces a binary data stream representative of the difference between the comparator inputs. The digital output signal is generated by the accumulator which if fed with an integration constant that is a function of the output signal of the flip-flop. The digital output signal of the accumulator is converted into a square wave signal, which corresponds to the analog input signal, by way of a digital low-pass filter and a threshold value comparator to which the mean value of the digital output signal is supplied as a threshold value.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement for monitoring a control circuit, which has a driver transistor with an inductive load and a second transistor in a circuit branch parallel to the inductive load, includes an additional, external current measuring device. A switching element, in particular a transistor and an ohmic measuring resistor, is provided parallel to the driver transistor. At a test instant, the current flowing through the inductive load is diverted to the measuring device and induces a voltage at the measuring resistor which is indicative of the status of the control circuit.

Abstract: A circuit to monitor a short circuit (or a line interruption) in an inductive circuit which is connected to a signal-processing circuit through a high-ohmic filter circuit. The monitoring circuit is formed as a component part of or as an additional element to the signal-processing circuit and initiates a test cycle to determine the inductance of the circuit to be monitored when, for example, the ignition of an automotive vehicle is turned on when the inductive circuit is used in the circuitry for sensing wheel rotation behavior of an automotive vehicle.