Abstract: In known permanent magnet electric machines with a radial air gap, intersecting phase conductors are deflected only into the space arranged axially in front of the slotted soft magnetic body. By separating the body (13) which is equipped with permanent magnets into segments which may be radially placed into the winding (15), the winding overhangs may expand into the space located axially in front of the permanent magnets and their soft magnetic yokes. The radial overall length of the machine is thus reduced and its efficiency and power density are increased because of the shorter conductive paths in the winding overhangs. In addition, manufacture, dismantling, and magnetizing of the magnets is simplified.

Abstract: In prior art multi-phase electric machines in which conductor parts are interlace to form conductor lanes for various phases, the connection points are on the winding end, thus permitting only a very limited local possibility for welding of the conductor ends. In addition, the manufacturing cost is increased with an odd number of phases, since the design is asymmetrical and a number of different formers necessary is relatively high. The invention calls for prefabricated conductor parts (17) to be welded or soldered in the zones which will subsequently be located in the soft magnetic body. Divided bars with a high conductor cross-sectional area are connected before the insertion of soft magnetic segments, connection zones which are large relative to the conductor cross-sectional area are realized, and problems with the insulation are avoided.

Abstract: Known bar windings and pulled coils are made of bent bar conductors with a constant cross section and thus insufficiently use the space available in the winding overhang. In addition, because of the bending radii to be respected, in particular in high-pole machines, long connection sections are obtained in relation to the pitch value, so that weight losses are increased. The disclosed shaped conductors are produced without bending radii in a single piece according to their final shape. Their cross section varies in the winding overhangs, so that the space available is utilized to a high extent and short connection sections are produced. Successive shaped conductors are arranged in different layers, so that interlaced multiphase double layers are produced. The length of a conductor lane formed by shaped conductors connected in series is independent from the depth of the grooves and all phase conductors of an interlaced double layer have the same design.

Abstract: Known electric machines having co-axial slot bars linked by added connecting conductors have a high number of junctures with small contact surfaces, so that their production costs and susceptibility to interference is increased. Connecting conductors (44-46) prefabricated as moldings without bending radii abut each other separated only by thin insulating layers, and their total surface area is used for current conduction by varying their rectangular conducting cross section. The conductor lanes (39, 40) run either in meander-shaped layers or figure-eight loops. The proportion of insulating material in the connector heads and the number of different connecting conductor designs (41-46) can be minimized by divided bars and the number of junctures can be reduced by half by prefabricating units (41, 42, 43) in a single piece.

Abstract: Known flat winding layers that can be prefabricated and inserted into soft magnetic bodies insufficiently utilize the available space in the grooves and winding overhang of polyphase machines and thus increase the volume and weight of the machine. A new winding design allows high power and force densities to be obtained, thanks to the utilization of the whole available space, and are economic to produce. For that purpose each winding layer (4d) is composed of several conductor lanes (22-24) whose number corresponds to the number of phases. The height of the conductor lanes is reduced at the points (25-33) where they intersect, due to the fact that the conductors are mutually offset, and thus pass over each other inside the layer. By variably adapting the width of the conductor the space in the winding overhang through which the magnetic flow is directed in the soft magnetic body is utilized.