Abstract: An electric potentiometer is proposed, which serves to convert a displacement movement into an electrical signal. The electric potentiometer has a wiper lever with brush wipers which upon a rotational movement about a pivot shaft stroke electrically conductive layers applied to a carrier plate. An electrically nonconductive layer is applied on the resistor layer such that in the region of the electrically conductive layer that is strokable by the wiper upon its deflection, a pickup zone which is narrower than the wiper and is defined on both sides by the electrically nonconductive layer remains uncovered by the electrically nonconductive layer.

Abstract: An apparatus is proposed which serves to control the quantity of exhaust gas recirculated from the exhaust gas system of an internal combustion engine to its intake side. The apparatus includes a pneumatic final control element having a diaphragm defining a work chamber, the diaphragm arranged to actuate a valve closing member of an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) valve. Via a control pressure line, a flow line leading to the atmosphere and a connecting line leading to the intake tube downstream of a throttle valve are connected to the work chamber. A check valve opening toward the intake tube, a reservoir and a throttle restriction are disposed in the connecting line. A bypass line having a bypass valve bypasses the throttle restriction.

Abstract: A method for testing the correct position of a wiper of an electric potentiometer and an electric potentiometer for performing the method are proposed. The electric potentiometer includes a wiper lever with brush wipers, which upon a rotational movement about a pivot shaft brush over two work sections of an electrically conductive layer applied to a carrier plate. One of the work sections communicates on one side with a connection layer and on the other with a grounded connection layer, which the other work section communicates with a pickup connection layer. Respective testing faces are provided in the extension of the permissible movement paths of the brush wipers on the work sections, these testing faces being embodied as electrically non-conductive and in a testing position of the wiper lever being crossed by the wiper lever.

Abstract: A fuel injection system for internal combustion engines which has a metering valve disposed in a fuel supply line, in which adjusting characteristics for controlling the metering valve are strictly linear, thereby enabling a predictable, flexible fuel metering using simple and inexpensive control circuits. To this end, metering slits in the metering valve, which cooperate with a control piston in a known manner, are each connected to a respective differential pressure valve, which is adjusted such that the pressure differential (p.sub.1,2) before and after the metering slits is constant, regardless of the size of the uncovered cross section of the metering slits. Thus the cross section of the metering slits uncovered at a given time is linearly dependent solely on the displacement travel (h) of the control piston, which in turn is proportional to a control pressure (p.sub.

Abstract: A fuel injection system is proposed which serves to adapt the fuel-air mixture as precisely as possible to operating conditions of the internal combustion engine. The fuel injection system includes metering valves, each of which is assigned a regulating valve whose movable valve element can be exposed on one side to the fuel pressure downstream of the respective metering valve and on the other side to a control pressure line defined on one end by a control pressure valve of the nozzle/impact plate type and on the other end by a control throttle. The control pressure valve has a permanent magnet and an electromagnet, the magnetic fluxes of which are guided via an armature in such a manner that in at least one air gap the magnetic fluxes of the permanent magnet and of the electromagnet extend in the same direction, while in at least one other air gap the magnetic fluxes of the permanent magnet and of the electromagnet extend in opposite directions.

Abstract: A fuel injection system which serves to supply fuel to an internal combustion engine. The fuel injection system includes a metering and quantity distribution valve with regulating valves connected at the output side, which valves can be influenced by the fuel pressure in a differential pressure control line. Communicating with a fuel supply line is a fuel reservoir, which has a flexible diaphragm which is displaceable by the fuel pressure counter to a reservoir spring in a spring chamber. Shortly before the end of the movement of the flexible diaphragm into the spring chamber, a spring plate resting on the flexible diaphragm opens a sealing valve via a stem. The sealing valve rests on the mouth of an outflow line, which leads via a control throttle to the differential pressure control line.

Abstract: A fuel injection system which serves to adapt the fuel-air mixture accurately over a wide range to operating conditions of the internal combustion engine. The fuel injection system includes metering valves, with each of which a regulating valve is associated, the movable valve element of which can be acted upon on one side by the fuel pressure downstream of the particular metering valve and on the other side by the pressure in a differential pressure control line, which is defined on one end by a first electrofluidic converter of the nozzle/baffle type and on the other end by a first throttle. The first electrofluidic converter is triggerable in accordance with operating characteristics of the engine and determines the pressure in the differential pressure control line and thus, via the regulating valves, the differential pressure at the metering valves.

Abstract: It is proposed for a fuel metering system that a final control element be triggered with a regulated direct-current signal having clock components dependent on operating characteristics of an internal combustion engine in order to influence a fuel metering means. A further proposal is that the acceleration enrichment be triggered during starting. In this manner the desired starting enrichment is obtained by way of the sum of the post-starting, warm-up and acceleration enrichment. The acceleration enrichment per se begins beyond a predetermined air flow gradient and then has a steady course up to a maximum value. This subject is disclosed in combination with a continuously operating injection system, in which a corresponding overall control signal is prepared in a control unit and delivered to an electrohydraulic final control element.

Abstract: A fuel injection system is proposed which serves to provide the most precise possible adaptation of the fuel-air mixture to operating conditions of the internal combustion engine. The fuel injection system includes metering valves, each of which is assigned one regulating valve, whose movable valve element can be exposed on the one hand to the fuel pressure downstream of the respective metering valve and on the other hand to the pressure in a control pressure line, which is limited on the one hand by an electro-fluid converter of the nozzle/bounce plate type and on the other hand by a control throttle. The electro-fluid converter is triggerable in accordance with operating characteristics of the engine.

Abstract: A fuel injection system is proposed which can be triggered in such a manner that when control signals characterizing engine overrunning are present the fuel injection is interrupted. The fuel injection system includes metering valves, each of which is assigned one regulating valve, the movable valve element of which can be exposed on one side to the fuel pressure downstream of the pertinent metering valve and on the other side to the pressure in a control pressure line, which is limited on one side by a control throttle and on the other side by a control pressure valve. During engine overrunning, an electromagnetic valve which is disposed in a bypass that bypasses the control throttle or the control pressure valve or an electromagnetic valve in the control pressure line can be controlled in such a manner that the fuel pressure in the control pressure line increases and the regulating valves close, as a result of which the fuel injection is interrupted.

Abstract: A diaphragm pressure regulator is proposed which serves to regulate a fluid pressure in a system having fluid flowing through it, and in particular to relate the fuel pressure in a fuel injection system. The diaphragm pressure regulator includes a valve diaphragm, which cooperates with a valve seat. The valve diaphragm separates a spring chamber having a system pressure spring from a system pressure chamber, into which the valve seat, which is axially displaceable and is supported in an axial bearing point, protrudes and which communicates with the fluid to be regulated. The end of the valve seat remote from the valve diaphragm is embodied as a valve plate and protrudes into a collection chamber, in which it opens a sealing seat toward a return flow line to a greater or lesser extent. A closing pressure spring engages the valve plate and urges the valve seat in the direction of the valve diaphragm.

Abstract: A fuel injection system is proposed which brings about an improvement in the acceleration behavior of an internal combustion engine. The fuel injection system includes metering valves actuatable by means of an air flow measuring device, at which valves a pressure difference can be held constant via control valves and the pressure difference is variable in accordance with operational characteristics of the engine. To this end, the control valves are located on a control pressure line in which a control throttle and an electromagnetic valve are disposed. At the same time, pressure limitation elements communicate with the control pressure line and, in the event of acceleration of the engine, reduce the extent of increase of control pressure and thus assure fuel metering corresponding with the operational state of the engine.

Abstract: A fuel injection system is proposed which brings about an improvement in the acceleration behavior of an internal combustion engine. The fuel injection system includes an intake manifold having a measuring device arranged therein which is moved against a restoring force in accordance with the quantity of air flowing therethrough and thereby actuates the control slide of a distribution valve. The restoring force on the air flow measuring device is actuated by fuel, supplied by a fuel pump via a damping throttle, which operates within a pressure chamber into which the control slide protrudes by means of an end face. A check valve is arranged in a discharge line between the pressure chamber and the delivery side or the suction side of the pump, and opens above a predetermined pressure within the pressure chamber. This allows a rapid unloading of the pressure chamber and a rapid response of the fuel injection system in the case of an acceleration.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for reliably switching electromagnetic control units, especially solenoid valves for blocking the idling fuel mixture in carburetor units of internal combustion engines during, for example, motor vehicle coasting. It is proposed to deenergize the solenoid valve at the beginning of the blocking operation for a time period ensuring a reliable valve release, initiating a current flow which preferably allows the solenoid valve to be at the brink of opening, and, at the desired instant of opening applying an overvoltage to the solenoid valve in a standby position, wherein the valve, though it has not as yet opened, requires merely a small additional pulse to open.

Abstract: The actuation of electromagnetic devices, especially fuel or mixture shut-off solenoid valves in internal combustion engines is controlled on the basis of two engine variables, namely engine speed (rpm) and induction tube vacuum, for the purpose of suppressing fuel or mixture admission to the engine when the engine is being operated at higher than normal idling speed and while the throttle is closed (engine vacuum high). These twin conditions indicate that the engine is used for braking, i.e., it is being overrun. The position of the throttle is sensed by a vacuum switch which responds to induction tube vacuum and releases the actuation of the solenoid valve. The solenoid valve is further engaged by an rpm-dependent circuit in which a capacitor is periodically discharged by rpm related pulses.

Abstract: A circuit for actuating control elements, for example a fuel shutoff valve in the carburetor of an internal combustion engine or a similar control element. The circuit is responsive to engine speed and to throttle valve position as monitored via the intake manifold vacuum. When the engine idles and the throttle is closed, the fuel control valve is held open to supply normal idling fuel or fuel mixture. However, if the engine speed rises above a threshold speed while the throttle is closed, the control circuit assumes a condition of engine braking and the fuel supply is interrupted. The switching threshold is established as the voltage on a capacitor controlling a transistor, the capacitor being charged continuously and being discharged during the occurrence of voltage spikes taken from the ignition coil of the vehicle.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for automatic arrest of the motor in a motor vehicle in conditions of standstill or near-standstill, for example when the motor reaches speeds at or below the stalling speed with an engaged drive line. In stop-and-go driving, the invention includes monitoring the vehicle speed, the motor speed and the state of actuation of the accelerator pedal and the clutch pedal. If a set of conditions is met, for example that the vehicle speed is below 3 kilometers per hour, and that neither the accelerator pedal nor the clutch pedal are depressed, and the engine temperature is sufficiently high, the apparatus of the invention automatically arrests the engine either by fuel shut-off or by ignition shut-off or both. A depression of the clutch pedal restarts the engine. The invention further provides for automatic fuel shut-off to the motor under the conditions of engine braking, i.e., operation with closed throttle and relatively high motor speed.

Abstract: The wheels at opposite ends of an axle - and which may be twin or tandem wheels -- each have a pressure switch and a tank circuit associated therewith, rotating with the wheel. The tank circuits includes a normally closed pressure-sensitive switch which, when the pressure in the respective tire drops below a certain value, opens the tank circuit. The coil of the tank circuit is coupled with a transducer coil connected to a blocking oscillator which, upon passage of the tank circuit, provides an output pulse. The frequency or recurrence rate of the output pulses from opposite ends of the wheels at an axle are compared in an integrating comparator and, if the frequencies differ after a predetermined integration time, provide an alarm signal. The integrator or a digital counter which should have a number of count stages, only the last one providing an alarm signal to allow for variation in frequency with normal tire pressure when the vehicle rounds a curve.

Abstract: To protect power transistors and similar electronic electronic control elements which have their main current paths serially connected to loads, one terminal of which is grounded, against short circuits within the loads and without substantial power loss in series sensing resistors, a resistor is connected in shunt with the main current path of the power electronic component, for example the emitter-collector path of a power resistor and a diode connected between this shunt-connected resistor, effectively at the junction of the load and the power semiconductor to the base of a driver transistor which controls the power semiconductor to apply the operating voltage at the junction to the base of the driver transistor so that the power transistor is controlled thereby to blocked condition if the voltage at the junction should drop from operating voltage, the diode, under normal operating condition, being blocked.

Abstract: In a motor vehicle, the presence of laterally acting external forces is detected by an appropriate sensing device. The first time derivative of the sensed signal is used to initiate steering gear deflection to counteract the external deflecting forces.